Chloridionenübergänge in Phenylphosphoroxychlorid, 1. Mitt.: Spektrophotometrische Untersuchungen an Eisen (III)-chlorid-Lösungen

Zusammenfassung FeCl₃ liegt in PhPOCl₂ als roter solvatisierter Komplex, in Gegenwart von polaren Chloriden als gelbes [FeCl₄]^–-Ion vor. BCl₃, SnCl₄, TiCl₄, PCl₅ und wahrscheinlich auch HgCl₂ und SbCl₃ geben an FeCl₃ je 1 Chloridion ab, ZnCl₂ gibt beide Chloridionen und AlCl₃ zwei Chloridionen fast vollständig und ein drittes in geringem Umfang ab. Die Donorstärke nimmt in der Reihe KClEt₄NCl>1/2 AlCl₃>-TiCl₄>PCl₅>1/2 ZnCl₂>BCl₃ SnCl₄[AlCl]⁺⁺>HgCl₂>SbCl₃ ab. Als Chloridionenakzeptor ist nur SbCl₅ dem FeCl₃ ebenbürtig, die oben genannten Chloride sind wesentlich schwächere Akzeptoren.Mit 4 AbbildungenHerrn Professor Dr.L. F. Audrieth zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Application of high-performance liquid chromatography of some antibiotics in clinical microbiology

During recent years high-performance liquid chromatography has become an excellent tool for the determination of antibiotics in biological fluids. Compared with biological assays, the major benefits of this method are specificity and rapidity. In particular, the determination of biologically inactive metabolites emphasizes that this technique plays an outstanding role for the analysis of antibiotics. This paper describes how the method can be used in the analysis of several antibiotics and demonstrates the efficacy of this method for clinical microbiology. Methods for the determination in biological fluids of acylaminopenicillins (azlocillin, mezlocillin, piperacillin and aspoxicillin), quinolones (ciprofloxacine, norfloxacine and ofloxacine), a penem (imipenem) and a cephalosporin (cefixime) are summarized. Furthermore, their application to in vitro studies and their trial in clinical studies are described.     

Buchbesprechungen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Category equivalences of clones

This note was inspired by McKenzie's recent paper [8] whose main result is a characterization of categorical equivalence (for short category equivalence) between varieties. Here we use this result to define category equivalent clones and to describe all clones category equivalent to maximal clones. If one is interested in maximal clones only up to category equivalence it is sufficient to consider very simple maximal clones, essentially the same as considered in Jablonski's early papers about maximal clones [6]. The results we have found encourage us in our feeling that category equivalence could be a useful tool in clone theory.Dedicated to the memory of Alan Day.Presented by J. Sichler.     

Hybrid extension of Schottky space

Part of this work was written while the author was feliow of the Graduiertenkolleg Geometrie und Mathematische Physik at the University of Bochum, Germany.