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31.
Asymmetric hydrogenation of dehydrodipeptides, α-acylaminocinnamoyl-(S)-amino esters, catalyzed by rhodium complexes with chiral diphosphines gave either (R)-N-acylphenylalanyl-(S)-amino esters or (S)-N-acylphenylalanyl-(S)-amino esters with high diastereomeric purity up to 98–99% on using proper chiral ligands. 相似文献
32.
Noriyuki Inoue 《Mathematical Thinking and Learning》2013,15(1):36-67
Studies report that students often fail to consider familiar aspects of reality in solving mathematical word problems. This study explored how different features of mathematical problems influence the way that undergraduate students employ realistic considerations in mathematical problem solving. Incorporating familiar contents in the word problems was found to have only a limited impact. Instead, removing contextual constraints from the problem goal was found to motivate students to validate their problem solving in terms of their everyday experiences. Based on these findings, what determines the authenticity and relevance of a mathematical problem seems to be whether the problem allows students to freely reconstruct the problem situation by making use of their imagination and everyday experiences. In short, the basic principle seems to be “less is more”; that is, fewer constraints in problem goals could function to help students personally associate problem solving with their everyday experiences. 相似文献
33.
Sugita M Yamaguchi A Yamagiwa N Handa S Matsunaga S Shibasaki M 《Organic letters》2005,7(23):5339-5342
[reaction, structure: see text] Chiral Y{N(SiMe3)2}3/linked-BINOL catalyst generated Y-enolate in situ from various hydroxyketones (R2 = aryl, heteroaryl). Beta-amino-alpha-hydroxy ketones (R1 = aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl) were obtained syn-selectively (up to 96/4) in high ee (up to 98%) and good yield (up to 98% yield). 相似文献
34.
Hayashi Y Tsuboi W Shoji M Suzuki N 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2003,125(37):11208-11209
High pressure induced by water-freezing has been successfully applied to the direct catalytic asymmetric-three component List-Barbas-Mannich reaction, in which higher yield and better enantioselectivity can be realized than those from the reaction at room temperature under 0.1 MPa. 相似文献
35.
In this review, we describe the regulation of photomovement responses by phototropin and phytochrome photoreceptors. The blue light receptor phototropin mediates various photomovement responses such as phototropism, chloroplast movement and stomatal opening. In cryptogamic plants including ferns, mosses and green alga, red as well as blue light mediates phototropism and chloroplast movement. The red/far-red light reversibility suggests the involvement of phytochrome in these responses. Thereby, plant growth is presumably promoted by coordinating these photomovements to capture efficiently light for photosynthesis. 相似文献
36.
Magnetically Alignable Bicelles with Unprecedented Stability Using Tunable Surfactants Derived from Cholic Acid 下载免费PDF全文
Ryoichi Matsui Dr. Noriyuki Uchida Dr. Masataka Ohtani Kuniyo Yamada Arisu Shigeta Prof. Dr. Izuru Kawamura Prof. Dr. Takuzo Aida Dr. Yasuhiro Ishida 《Chemphyschem》2016,17(23):3916-3922
Five novel surfactants were prepared by modifying the three hydroxy groups of sodium cholate with triethylene glycol chains endcapped with an amide ( SC‐C1 , SC‐ n C4 , and SC‐ n C5 ) or a carbamoyl group ( SC‐O n C4 and SC‐O t C4 ). The phase behavior of aqueous mixtures of these surfactants with 1,2‐dimyristoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) was systematically studied by 31P NMR spectroscopy. The surfactants endcapped with carbamate groups ( SC‐O n C4 and SC‐O t C4 ) formed magnetically alignable bicelles over unprecedentedly wide ranges of conditions, in terms of temperature (from 21–23 to >90 °C), lipid/surfactant ratio (from 5 to 8), total lipid content (5–20 wt %), and lipid type [DMPC, 1,2‐dilauroyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphatidylcholine (DLPC), or 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphatidylcholine (POPC)]. In conjunction with appropriate phospholipids, the carbamate‐endcapped surfactants afforded unique bicelles, characterized by exceptional thermal stabilities (from 0 to >90 °C), biomimetic lipid compositions (DMPC/POPC=25:75 to 50:50), and extremely large 2H quadrupole splittings (up to 71 Hz). 相似文献
37.
1-Vinyltetrahydroisoquinolines serve as versatile intermediates for the synthesis of a variety of naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloids. 1-Vinyl-6,8-dimethoxytetrahydroisoquinoline 4 and 1-vinyl-5,6,7-trimethoxytetrahydroisoquinoline 6 with >90% ee by means of Pd-catalyzed intramolecular asymmetric allylic amination reactions, using MPN and BOP ligands, developed in our laboratory. The fine-tuning capability of the MPN and BOP ligands has played a significant role in the optimization of enantioselectivity. Interesting substituent effect as well as solvent effect on the product selectivity and enantioselectivity was observed. Plausible mechanisms are proposed, which can accommodate various findings, including the critical importance of the activation of the trifluoroamide moiety through its coordination to the Lewis acidic Pd2+ metal center. 相似文献
38.
Yousuke Yamada Dr. Mariko Kitajima Dr. Noriyuki Kogure Dr. Sumphan Wongseripipatana Prof. Dr. Hiromitsu Takayama 《化学:亚洲杂志》2011,6(1):166-173
Seven new indole alkaloids were isolated from the roots of Gelsemium elegans Benth. and their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and chemical transformation from known alkaloids. Kounaminal ( 1 ) is a new koumine‐type alkaloid that contains an unusual aminal moiety. Humantenoxenine ( 2 ) and 15‐hydroxyhumantenoxenine ( 3 ) are humantenine‐type alkaloids that contain a novel β‐amino‐α,β‐unsaturated ketone residue. The other four novel alkaloids are two gelsedilam‐related and two gelsenicine‐related alkaloids. 相似文献
39.
Katsuya Maeyama Kenji Yamashita Shugo Maeda Noriyuki Yonezawa Shunichi Aikawa Yasuhiko Yoshida 《合成通讯》2013,43(23):4158-4170
Optically active aromatic ether ketone macrocycles containing 2,2′-dimethoxy-1,1′-binaphthyl-6,6′-diyl moieties were synthesized through electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction and stepwise nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Structures of the resulting macrocycles were confirmed by NMR and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass measurements. 相似文献
40.
Suzuki N Aihara N Takahara H Watanabe T Iwasaki M Saburi M Hashizume D Chihara T 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2004,126(1):60-61
Five-membered metallacyclic alkynes that have no substituents adjacent to the triple bond have been synthesized, isolated, and structurally characterized. Zirconocene dichlorides, Cp'2ZrCl2 (Cp' = C5H5, C5H4-t-Bu), reacted with 1,4-dichlorobut-2-yne in the presence of magnesium to give 1-zirconacyclopent-3-yne compounds (5 (a) Cp' = C5H5, (b) Cp' = C5H4-t-Bu) that have a -CH2CCCH2- moiety in good yields. They are stable enough to be isolated in a pure form, despite the absence of substituents. 5a reacted with an equimolar amount of Cp2Zr(but-1-ene)(PMe3) to produce a bimetallic complex in which the zirconacyclopentyne coordinates to the other zirconocene moiety as an alkyne. 相似文献