全文获取类型
收费全文 | 620篇 |
免费 | 15篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 437篇 |
晶体学 | 3篇 |
力学 | 9篇 |
数学 | 36篇 |
物理学 | 153篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 9篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 9篇 |
2013年 | 29篇 |
2012年 | 37篇 |
2011年 | 30篇 |
2010年 | 28篇 |
2009年 | 25篇 |
2008年 | 29篇 |
2007年 | 26篇 |
2006年 | 37篇 |
2005年 | 37篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 23篇 |
2002年 | 19篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 19篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有638条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
12.
Mori A Kawashima J Shimada T Suguro M Hirabayashi K Nishihara Y 《Organic letters》2000,2(19):2935-2937
Palladium-catalyzed reaction of aryl and alkenyl halides with terminal alkynes in the presence of silver(I) oxide as an activator furnishes various arylated or alkenylated alkynes in good to excellent yields. The similar coupling reaction is also found to proceed using tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) or tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH) as an activator. 相似文献
13.
Kawasaki H Sasaki A Kawashima T Sasaki S Kakehashi R Yamashita I Fukada K Kato T Maeda H 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2005,21(13):5731-5737
Lyotropic phase behavior of the nonionic and the half-ionized oleyldimethylamine oxide (OlDMAO)/water systems was investigated using polarized light microscopy, small-angle X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. Nonionic OlDMAO formed isotropic micellar solution, nematic, hexagonal, cubic, and lamellar liquid crystalline phases as the surfactant concentration increased. In contrast, half-ionized OlDMAO (i.e., 1:1 mixture of the nonionic and the protonated species) had a greater tendency to form bilayer structures, and the phase diagram became quite similar to those of double-chained ionic surfactants rather than single-chained ones, despite the introduction of positive charges to the nonionic one. The preference of the bilayer structures in the half-ionized OlDMAO was interpreted in terms of the dimers stabilized by the hydrogen bond between the nonionic and protonated species. For alkyldimethylamine oxides with a saturated hydrocarbon chain (CnDMAO, chain length: n = 14, 16, and 18), the phase sequence of lyotropic liquid crystals was hardly affected by the protonation, but an elongation of the cylinders of the hexagonal phase was observed for the half-ionized C14DMAO. Consequently, it can be considered that the dominant bilayer formation of the half-ionized OlDMAO is attributed to the combined effect of the hydrogen-bonded dimer formation and the cis-double-bond configuration of the alkyl chain. 相似文献
14.
Rectal absorption of morphine from various kinds of suppository bases was investigated. The extent of bioavailability of morphine by rectal administration varied with the bases used (30.5-97.5%), but every value was higher than that in the case of oral administration (13.5%). Witepsol bases were preferable to macrogol base for the rectal absorption of morphine. In particular, Witepsol S-55 or W-35 gave a higher plasma peak level than H-15 or E-75, whereas the difference in the mean residence times obtained from these bases could not be regarded as significant. Sustained-release suppositories of morphine could be prepared simply by mixing alginic acid (Alg) with morphine in a suppository base. Further, prolonged rectal absorption could be obtained by using these sustained-release suppositories, and the absorption rate was controlled by the amount of Alg added. It seems likely that the sustained release was due to the binding of morphine to Alg from the results of partition coefficient and binding ratio measurements in aqueous solution. The rapid initial absorption and the subsequent prolonged absorption of morphine simultaneously obtained from the morphine-Alg suppository may be useful in the clinical context. 相似文献
15.
Shigeyama M Ohgaya O Takeuchi H Hino T Kawashima Y 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》2001,49(2):129-133
We intended to develop a desired ointment base suitable for treatment of bedsores including the proliferation of granulation and epidermis. The main bedsore bacteria detected in our hospital were S. aureus in gram-positive coccus and P. aeruginosa in gram-negative bacillus. As the macrogol ointment (MO) was found to have bactericidal effects on these bacteria, MO was adopted as the base for the objective ointment. To improve the properties of the ointment base such as regulating the humidity of the exudation and controlling the release of antibiotics formulated in the ointment, co-formulating effects of various additives to MO were evaluated. The sustained release function of the ointment base was obtained by adding hydrophilic petrolatum (HP) to MO. However, the resultant ointment was found to have a poor humidity regulating property. On the other hand, MO containing 5% of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) showed both the humidity regulating and the controlled drug releasing properties. It was considered that HPC particles dispersed in the ointment could be swelled by absorbing water to form a gel network. The curd tension meter tests for the ointments prepared with the various polymers showed that the MO-HPC base, which showed the highest sustained drug releasing property, was found to have the highest hardness. This result means that HPC formulated into the base forms the most rigid gel structure to resist the erosion of the ointment and to control the drug release. 相似文献
16.
T Nakajima Y Takashima A Furuya Y Ozawa Y Kawashima 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》1990,38(6):1680-1683
Indomethacin (IM) sustained-release suppositories were prepared by the fusion method using sugar ester and polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG). The suppositories were evaluated by in vitro release testing, X-ray analysis and in vivo absorption testing in rabbits. X-ray analysis showed that IM was amorphous in PEG-base suppositories. In a release test, slow-release was obtained when the sugar ester content of a suppository was 60%. The IM plasma level following the administration of the suppository was well sustained in the absorption test. The main slow-release mechanism is considered to be the release of IM from the matrix composed of sugar ester and PEG, which is represented by the Higuchi equation. A good correlation between the release test and the absorption test was obtained. It is considered that the amorphous state of IM in this type of sustained-release suppository would enhance the release and absorption of IM in the rectum of the rabbit, whose rectal fluid volume is small. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
A spectrophotometric flow-injection method for determining copper(II) has been developed. It is based on the catalytic effect of copper(II) on the oxidative coupling of N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine with m-phenylenediamine in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Pyridine and ammonia as activators increased the absorbance for the copper(II)-catalyzed coloration, and the dye formed was stabilized by adding a non-ionic surfactant. The working range of the method was 0.1-2.0 ng ml(-1) of cooper(II) with a relative standard deviation 2.4% at a sampling rate of 30 h(-1). Interference from iron(III) was effectively suppressed by citric acid. Copper in natural water samples can be determined easily. 相似文献
20.
Photoswitching of the coordination number of silicon between four and five in allyldifluoro[2-(phenylazo)phenyl]silane, which was confirmed by X-ray analysis and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, caused multistep reactions to proceed or stop, yielding tetrafluoro[2-(1-allyl-2-phenylhydrazino)phenyl]silicate without altering other reaction conditions. 相似文献