Lamellar carbon nanosheets function as templates for two-dimensional deposition of tubular titanate

A novel composite composed of tubular titanate-two dimensionally deposited carbon nanosheets was prepared with carbon nanosheets as templates through intercalation and hydrothermal treatment; this nanotube-based composite and its calcined products exhibit both excellent adsorptivity and high photocatalytic activity toward organic molecules.     

Time-dependent growth of zinc hydroxide nanostrands and their crystal structure

Positively-charged crystalline zinc hydroxide nanostrands with a diameter of 2 nm and a length of a few micrometres rapidly grew in dilute aqueous solution of zinc nitrate and aminoethanol. The nanostrands were composed of hexagonal clusters of [Zn(61)(OH)(116)(H(2)O)(n)](6+).     

Drying dissipative structures of thermo-sensitive gel spheres of poly(<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-isopropylacrylamide) with low degree of cross-linking

Drying dissipative patterns of deionized suspensions (colloidal crystal state at high concentrations) of the thermo-sensitive gels of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with low degree of cross-linking of 0.5% (318 nm and 116 nm in the hydrodynamic diameter at 25 °C and 45 °C) were observed at 20 °C and 45 °C on a cover glass, a watch glass and a Petri glass dish. The broad rings were observed and their size decreased as micro-gel concentration decreased. Formation of the monodispersed agglomerated particles and their ordered arrays were observed. This work clarified the formation of the drying microscopic structures of (a) flickering ordered spoke-lines, (b) ordered rings, (c) net structure, and finally (d) lattice-like ordered structures of the agglomerated particles. The net and lattice structures formed more favorably at higher temperatures and/or higher degree of cross-linking of the gels. Importance of the convectional flow of the agglomerated particles during the drying processes is supported for the ordered array formation. The role of the electrical double layers around the agglomerated particles and the interaction of the particles with the substrate surfaces during dryness are also important for the ordering. The microscopic drying patterns of gel spheres were quite different from those of linear-type polymers and also from typical colloidal spheres, though the macroscopic patterns such as broad ring formation at the edges of the dried film were similar to each other.     

Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering of CeB6 at the Ce L(1)- and L(3)-edges

We report a resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) study of crystalline CeB(6). Ce L(α1,2) RIXS was measured with excitation energies resonant with the Ce L(3)-edge. A lifetime-broadening suppressed x-ray absorption near-edge structure (LBS-XANES), which successfully reproduced the L(α1,2) RIXS spectra over wide ranges of excitation and emission energies, was simulated using the SIM-RIXS program. A pre-edge structure in the LBS-XANES can be resolved, and many-body effects were suggested in the L(α1,2) RIXS around the Ce L(3)-edge energy. No convincing signs of Ce (II) or Ce (IV) states were observed in the LBS-XANES. Ce L(γ4) RIXS was measured at 302 K and 28 K with excitation energies across the Ce L(1)-edge. The interactions of p-valence electrons between Ce and B(6) were found to be considerably small, regardless of temperature. Thus, the electronic state of CeB(6) was concluded to be suitably described as a nominally Ce(4f(1))(3+)(e(-))(B(6))(2-) system with some hybridization among all valence orbitals of Ce and B.     

Two-directional synthesis and stereochemical assignment toward a C2 symmetric oxasqualenoid (+)-intricatetraol

The asymmetric synthesis of tetraol (+)-3, a degradation product derived from a C2 symmetric oxasqualenoid intricatetraol 1, has been achieved through the two-directional synthesis starting from diol 7, realizing the further additional assignment of the incomplete stereostructure of 1, the stereochemistry of which is difficult to determine otherwise.     

Comparison of consensus scoring strategies for evaluating computational models of protein-ligand complexes

Here, the comparisons of performance of nine consensus scoring strategies, in which multiple scoring functions were used simultaneously to evaluate candidate structures for a protein-ligand complex, in combination with nine scoring functions (FlexX score, GOLD score, PMF score, DOCK score, ChemScore, DrugScore, PLP, ScreenScore, and X-Score), were carried out. The systematic naming of consensus scoring strategies was also proposed. Our results demonstrate that choosing the most appropriate type of consensus score is essential for model selection in computational docking; although the vote-by-number strategy was an effective selection method, the number-by-number and rank-by-number strategies were more appropriate when computational tractability was taken into account. By incorporating these consensus scores into the FlexX program, reasonable complex models can be obtained more efficiently than those selected by independent FlexX scores. These strategies might also improve the scoring of other docking programs, and more-effective structure-based drug design should result from these improvements.     

Multiple blowup of solutions for a semilinear heat equation II

The present paper is concerned with a Cauchy problem for a semilinear heat equation

(P)     

Convectional, sedimentary, and drying dissipative patterns of colloidal suspensions of polymer complexes of poly(acrylic acid) with poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)

Convectional, sedimentary, and drying dissipative patterns were observed at room temperature on a cover glass, a watch glass, and a Petri dish during the course of dryness of aqueous suspensions of colloidal polymer complexes of poly(acrylic acid) (HPAA) with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP). With increase in the molecular weight of the polymer component, the complexes showed from transparent solution stable colloidal dispersion and the sticky aggregates. HPAA25K + PVP25K complex showed bluish colors and the colloidal crystal suspension. Size of the macroscopic broad rings of HPAA25K + PEG decreased as molecular weight of PEG increased. Furthermore, the size increased sharply as the polymer concentration increased in the complex systems HPAA25K + PVP25K. Characteristic microscopic patterns appeared for HPAA + PEG and HPAA + PVP complexes.     

Application of modified integration rule to time-domain finite-element acoustic simulation of rooms

The applicability of the modified integration rule for time-domain finite-element analysis is tested in sound field analysis of rooms involving rectangular elements, distorted elements, and finite impedance boundary conditions. Dispersion error analysis in three dimensions is conducted to evaluate the dispersion error in time-domain finite-element analysis using eight-node hexahedral elements. The results of analysis confirmed that fourth-order accuracy with respect to dispersion error is obtainable using the Fox-Goodwin method (FG) with a modified integration rule, even for rectangular elements. The stability condition in three-dimensional analysis using the modified integration rule is also presented. Numerical experiments demonstrate that FG with a modified integration rule performs much better than FG with the conventional integration rule for problems with rectangular elements, distorted elements, and with finite impedance boundary conditions. Further, as another advantage, numerical results revealed that the use of modified integration rule engenders faster convergence of the iterative solver than a conventional rule for problems with the same degrees of freedom.     

Read/write characteristics of a new type of bit-patterned-media using nano-patterned glassy alloy

The paper reports a feasibility study of new type bit-patterned-media using a nano-patterned glassy alloy template for ultra-high density hard disk applications. The prototype bit-patterned-media was prepared using a nano-hole array pattern fabricated on a Pd-based glassy alloy thin film and a Co/Pd multilayered film filled in the nano-holes. The prepared prototype bit-patterned-media had a smooth surface and isolated Co/Pd multilayer magnetic dots, where the average dot diameter, the average dot pitch and the average dot height were 30, 60 and 19 nm, respectively. MFM (magnetic force microscope) observation revealed that each dot was magnetized in a perpendicular direction and the magnetization could reverse when an opposite magnetic field was applied. Static read/write tester measurements showed that repeated writing and reading on isolated magnetic dots were possible in combination with conventional magnetic heads and high-accuracy positioning technologies. The present study indicates that the new type of bit-patterned-media composed of nano-hole arrays fabricated on glassy alloy film template and Co/Pd multilayer magnetic dots are promising for applications to next generation ultra-high density hard disk drives.