Carboncarbon bond formation by cross-coupling of enol phosphates with organoaluminium compounds catalyzed by palladium(O) complex

Trialkylaluminium-mediated alkylation of enol phosphates under the CO bond cleavage is performed stereospecifically in the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd(PPh₃)₄. Alkenylation and alkynylation are also described.     

Solid-state reaction of niobium with diamond carbon at high pressure and high temperature to form superconducting composite

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Metal-Free Photoredox-Catalyzed Hydrodefluorination of Fluoroarenes Utilizing Amide Solvent as Reductant

A metal-free photoredox-catalyzed hydrodefluorination of fluoroarenes was achieved by using N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl-para-phenylenediamine ( 1 ) as a strong photoreduction catalyst. This reaction was applicable not only to electron-rich monofluoroarenes but also to polyfluoroarenes to afford non-fluorinated arenes. The experimental mechanistic studies indicated that the amide solvent NMP plays an important role for regeneration of the photocatalyst, enabling additive-free photoreduction catalysis.     

Intramolecular Photocyclization of 2‐Acylphenyl Methacrylates: a Convenient Access to 4,5‐Dihydro‐1,4‐epoxy‐2‐benzoxepin‐3(1H)‐ones (= Benzo[c]‐6,8‐dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan‐7‐ones

The photochemical reactions of 2‐acylphenyl methacrylates (= 2‐acylphenyl 2‐methylprop‐2‐enoates) 1 were investigated. Irradiation of 2‐acylphenyl methacrylates 1a – d in MeCN gave the tricyclic lactones 2a – d in good yields, together with a small amount of O CO bond cleavage product, the 2‐acylphenols 3a – d (Scheme 2, Table). The formation of the tricyclic lactones 2 probably follows a mechanism involving a 1,7‐diradical through ζ‐H abstraction (1,8‐H transfer) by the excited carbonyl O‐atom (Scheme 3). Irradiation of 2‐acylphenyl tiglate (= 2‐acylphenyl (2E)‐2‐methylbut‐2‐enoate) 1e and 2‐acylphenyl methacrylates 1g – i , substituted by a MeO group (δ‐H) at the 3,5‐positions of the phenyl group, also gave the tricyclic lactones 2e and 2g – i , but in low yields. On the other hand, no H‐abstraction products were observed on irridation of 2‐(ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl methacrylate 1f , of 2‐acylphenyl methacrylate 1j which is substituted by a Me group (γ‐H) at the 3,5‐positions of the phenyl group, and of 1k with an OH group at the 3‐position of the phenyl group.     

Iron-catalyzed synthesis of glycine derivatives via carbon-nitrogen bond cleavage using diazoacetate

Treatment of tertiary amines with diazoacetate in the presence of a catalytic amount of an iron salt, FeCl(3), in ethanol gave glycine derivatives. In this reaction, a carbon-nitrogen single bond of the amine was cleaved.