“Click handle”-modified 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoroarabino nucleic acid as a synthetic genetic polymer capable of post-polymerization functionalization

The functions of natural nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA have transcended genetic information carriers and now encompass affinity reagents, molecular catalysts, nanostructures, data storage, and many others. However, the vulnerability of natural nucleic acids to nuclease degradation and the lack of chemical functionality have imposed a significant constraint on their ever-expanding applications. Herein, we report the synthesis and polymerase recognition of a 5-(octa-1,7-diynyl)uracil 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoroarabinonucleic acid (FANA) triphosphate. The DNA-templated, polymerase-mediated primer extension using this “click handle”-modified FANA (cmFANA) triphosphate and other FANA nucleotide triphosphates consisting of canonical nucleobases efficiently generated full-length products. The resulting cmFANA polymers exhibited excellent nuclease resistance and the ability to undergo efficient click conjugation with azide-functionalized molecules, thereby becoming a promising platform for serving as a programmable and evolvable synthetic genetic polymer capable of post-polymerization functionalization.

Polymerase-mediated incorporation of a “click handle”-modified fluoroarabinonucleic acid (cmFANA) triphosphate produces a new class of nuclease-resistant, evolvable genetic polymers that can be functionalized with azide-containing molecules.     

Flavonoids from Lycium barbarum Leaves Exhibit Anti-Aging Effects through the Redox-Modulation

Lycium barbarum leaves are a kind of vegetable, and modern nutrition studies have found that they have an anti-aging function. Our study aims to investigate the anti-aging effects of Lycium barbarum leaf flavonoid (LBLF) extracts and its underlying molecular mechanism. LBLFs were purified using D101 and polyamide resin, characterized by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and administered to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and Caenorhabditis elegans. Appropriate enrichment conditions were optimized through dynamic adsorption and desorption experiments, the content of flavonoids reached 909.84 mg/g, rutin and kaempferol being the main ones. LBLFs attenuated H₂O₂-induced HUVEC apoptosis, decreased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde production levels, increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. Furthermore, pre-treatment with LBLF increased mRNA expression of erythropoietin (EPO) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in HUVECs. Compared with 100 µM rutin monomer, LBLF prolonged the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, enhanced their mobility in middle life stages and upregulated expression of sod-2, gcs-1 and skn-1 genes, which indicated that the anti-aging effects of LBLF were due to its redox-modulation.     

Linear instability of charged massless scalar perturbation in regularized 4D charged Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet anti de-Sitter black holes

We study the linear instability of the charged massless scalar perturbation in regularized 4D charged Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-AdS black holes by exploring their quasinormal modes.We find that the linear instability is triggered by superradiance.The charged massless scalar perturbation becomes more unstable with increasing Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant or black hole charge.Decreasing the AdS radius,on the other hand,will make the charged massless scalar perturbation more stable.The stable region in parameter space(α,Q,Λ)is given.Moreover,we find that the charged massless scalar perturbation is more unstable for larger scalar charge.The modes of multipoles are more stable than that of the monopole.     

电磁箍缩铝带阵负载的研制

根据电磁箍缩物理实验需求,设计出了一种具有自适应结构的电磁箍缩铝带阵负载。采用手工裁剪和激光裁剪两种方法来制备铝带,表征了两种方法制备出铝带的边缘形貌,并优选出激光裁剪法做为铝带的裁剪方法。分析了激光裁剪铝带的力学性能,30 mm1 mm5 m的铝带断裂强度约116 cN,延伸率约为1.3%。利用上述铝带成功装配出了具有自适应结构的电磁箍缩铝带阵负载,且其自适量达到了4.5 mm的物理实验需求,可应用于强光一号物理实验。     

基于电流丝法的多级同步感应线圈炮电枢温升计算

针对同步感应线圈炮常用的导体圆筒式电枢,结合电流丝法,建立了电枢温升计算模型;通过搭建三级同步感应线圈炮试验平台,验证了计算模型的正确性,并分析了电枢材料和剖分设置对电枢温升计算的影响。结果表明：发射过程中电枢的最高温升位于其底部外侧,电枢前端也有较高温升;当调节载荷使铜、铝电枢等质量时,前者的温升虽然更高,但温升对其发射效率的影响却小于后者,这是因为铜的电阻率温度系数小于铝;电枢的剖分设置对电枢温升的计算的影响比较明显。因此从电枢温升对发射过程的影响来看,铜电枢比铝电枢更适合用于高速发射。     

高功率光隔离器永磁系统的理论研究与优化

基于阵列永磁体的特点以及光隔离器对磁场的需求设计了两种适用于高功率隔离器的永磁系统,分析了其磁场分布、磁场非均匀性对隔离度的影响,研究了磁体装配误差对磁场的影响。研究结果表明：通过引入斜向磁化永磁体,选择合适的磁化角度和磁体长度,可以提高永磁体的磁场强度,大幅度减小旋转器所需磁光晶体长度;受磁场非均匀性影响的隔离度与磁光晶体的孔径、长度以及入射激光的光斑半径有关,当晶体长度一定时,减小晶体半径和入射光的半径可以显著提高隔离度。在入射光半径为1.5 mm、磁光晶体半径5 mm时,对应的隔离度分别为105.8 dB和45.4 dB。     

Established Liposome-Coated IMB16-4 Polymeric Nanoparticles (LNPs) for Increasing Cellular Uptake and Anti-Fibrotic Effects In Vitro

As a global health problem, liver fibrosis still does not have approved treatment. It was proved that N-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-2(3-nitrobenzenesulfonamide) benzamide (IMB16-4) has anti-hepatic fibrosis activity. However, IMB16-4 displays poor water solubility and poor bioavailability. We are devoted to developing biodegraded liposome-coated polymeric nanoparticles (LNPs) as IMB16-4 delivery systems for improving aqueous solubility, cellular uptake, and anti-fibrotic effects. The physical states of IMB16-4−LNPs were analyzed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The results show that IMB16-4−LNPs increased the drug loading compared to liposomes and enhanced cellular uptake behavior compared with IMB16-4−NPs. In addition, IMB16-4−LNPs could repress the expression of hepatic fibrogenesis-associated proteins, indicating that IMB16-4−LNPs exhibited evident anti-fibrotic effects.     

Potential Role of Melatonin as an Adjuvant for Atherosclerotic Carotid Arterial Stenosis

Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is an atherosclerotic disease characterized by a narrowing of the artery lumen and a high risk of ischemic stroke. Risk factors of atherosclerosis, including smoking, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, aging, and disrupted circadian rhythm, may potentiate atherosclerosis in the carotid artery and further reduce the arterial lumen. Ischemic stroke due to severe CAS and cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury after the revascularization of CAS also adversely affect clinical outcomes. Melatonin is a pluripotent agent with potent anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and neuroprotective properties. Although there is a shortage of direct clinical evidence demonstrating the benefits of melatonin in CAS patients, previous studies have shown that melatonin may be beneficial for patients with CAS in terms of reducing endothelial damage, stabilizing arterial plaque, mitigating the harm from CAS-related ischemic stroke and cerebral I/R injury, and alleviating the adverse effects of the related risk factors. Additional pre-clinical and clinical are required to confirm this speculation.     

回旋速调管变周期TE01-TE11模式变换器

针对蛇形圆波导变换器尺寸大和带宽窄的不足,提出了变周期蛇形圆波导模式变换器,以实现TE01到TE11模式的高效率转换。根据耦合波方程,编制了优化计算程序,对工作于30.5 GHz、半径为16 mm的变周期以及传统蛇形变换器几何结构分别进行了优化计算,得到了可实现最高模式变换效率的几何参量。计算结果表明：传统结构变换器最优长度长达1 056.97 mm,转换效率98.1%,90%以上转换带宽也仅为3.3%;变周期变换器最优长度为769.53 mm,转换效率为99.3%,90%以上转换带宽为5.9%。变周期结构相对于传统结构的模式变换器具有尺寸小和带宽宽的明显优势。测试表明所提出的模式变换器具有良好的模式变换性能。