Families of univariate and bivariate subdivision schemes originated from quartic B-spline

Families of parameter dependent univariate and bivariate subdivision schemes are presented in this paper. These families are new variants of the Lane-Riesenfeld algorithm. So the subdivision algorithms consist of both refining and smoothing steps. In refining step, we use the quartic B-spline based subdivision schemes. In smoothing step, we average the adjacent points. The bivariate schemes are the non-tensor product version of our univariate schemes. Moreover, for odd and even number of smoothing steps, we get the primal and dual schemes respectively. Higher regularity of the schemes can be achieved by increasing the number of smoothing steps. These schemes can be nicely generalized to contain local shape parameters that allow the user to adjust locally the shape of the limit curve/surface.     

Input shaping control of a nuclear power plant’s fuel transport system

In this paper, the residual vibration control problem of a nuclear power plant’s fuel-transport system is discussed. The purpose of the system is to transport fuel rods to the target position within the minimum time. But according to observations, the rods oscillate at the end of the maneuver, causing an undesirable delay in the operation and affecting the system’s performance in terms both of productivity and of safety. In the present study, a mathematical model of the system was developed to simulate the under-water sway response of the rod while keeping in view the effects of the hydrodynamic forces imposed by the surrounding water. Experiments were performed to validate the model’s correctness. Further, simulation results were used to design the input shaping control that generates shaped velocity commands for transport of the fuel rods to the target position with the minimum residual vibration. It was observed that due to the under-water maneuvering, the fuel-handling system behaves as a highly damped process and that the generated shaped velocity commands fail to effect the desired suppression of the residual vibration. Therefore, keeping in view the highly damped nature of the system, a modified shaped command was generated that transported the fuel rods to the target position with the minimum residual vibration.     

The effect of post-exposure annealing on the track registeration characteristics of CR-39 nuclear track detectors

The effect of post exposure annealing on the track registeration characteristics of CR-39 (Pershore) Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors has been studied. The changes introduced in the bulk etch rates, track diameter, and the track density have been observed. The results indicate that the bulk etch rate of the detectors and the size of the tracks are considerably changed due to annealing. Variations in the track density are, however, not serious in the presently studied temperature range.     

有机金属化学气相沉积法制备的Ni/Al2O3纳米复合材料的氢吸附

研究了通过有机金属化学气相沉积技术及单源分子前躯体方法制备的Ni/Al₂O₃纳米复合材料的氢吸附(存储). 在冷壁的有机金属化学气相沉积反应器中,通过降解Ni(acac)₂粉末基底上的[H₂Al(OtBu)]₂制备的Ni/Al₂O₃纳米复合材料. 通过X射线粉末衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜以及能量色散型X射线荧光光谱等技术表征该复合材料. 采用自制Sievert's设备研究该复合材料的氢吸附(存储),可以储存约2.9%(重量比)的氢.     

Impact of intensity of ultrasonication on the properties of <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-hexane-water emulsion

Emulsification of oil in water has got a number of industrial as well as medicinal applications, however very little systematic work has been carried out upon it. Therefore we have considered a very simple system of n-hexane, dispersed in water and tried to understand the mechanism of emulsification by looking into the effect of ultrasonication time over the quality of emulsion. The techniques employed for the purpose were optical microscopic measurements and turbidity measurement It has been observed that the distribution of size/number becomes narrowest after minutes of ultrasonication time. However, if the period is prolonged further then the distribution starts widening.     

The Effects of Spherical Surface and Laser Polarization on the Photodetachment Cross Section of H~-

We report the combined effects of laser polarization and curvature of the spherical surface on the detached electron spectra from H-.The Theoretical imaging method is used as a tool of investigation.The photodetachment cross sections for various polarization angles,radii of curvatures and inter ion surface distances are displayed.The analysis of the spectra reveals that the laser polarization angle θL,curvature of the surface rc and inter ion surface distance d strongly affect oscillations in the spectra.Therefore,a fine control on the laser polarization and that of curvature in the surface can be used to control oscillations in the photodetachment of negative ions.     

Highly sensitive photonic crystal fiber biosensor based on titanium nitride

A highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor based on Titanium Nitride (TiN) as a new alternative plasmonic material is proposed and analyzed. The TiN has high stability, high conductivity, and corrosion resistance which make it an ideal material for nanofabrication. The suggested biosensor is analyzed by full vectorial finite element method with perfectly matched layer as boundary conditions. In this paper, the biosensor geometrical parameters are studied to achieve high sensitivity for both polarized modes. A refractive index sensitivity of 7700 and 3600 nm/RIU for quasi-transverse electric and quasi transverse magnetic modes, respectively, are obtained. Additionally, the reported biosensor could be used for detecting an unknown analyte refractive index ranging from 1.32 to 1.34 with a high linearity. Further, the proposed biosensor structure is easy for fabrication using standard PCF fabrication current technologies.     

Near-infrared fluorescence probes for surgical navigation

Optical imaging is a promising tool for visualizing fundamental biological processes including disease progression, detection of tumors, and therapeutic monitoring non-invasively. Unlike visible light, near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging (beyond 700–1,700 nm) offers a competitive advantage to yield high-resolution images within a certain penetration depth (few millimeters to centimeters depending on NIR window). The last few years have witnessed rapid development of new NIRF probes within the span of whole NIR window, including small-molecule dyes, inorganic nanoparticles, and organic macromolecules. Benefitted by this, we observe a continual surge in the number of preclinical and clinical studies of NIRF imaging in surgery and related applications. At present, NIRF-guided imaging has emerged as a quintessential procedure to assist surgeons for intraoperative delineation and resection of tumors. Moreover, NIRF imaging is also used to improve the intraoperative staging, identify the hidden lesion in diseased organs, map lymph node metastases, detect tumor margins, and highlight vital organs intraoperatively. Considering rapid advancement of this field, we review recent progress in the development of NIRF probes, cancer-targeting strategies and their application for surgical navigation, particularly for the sentinel lymph node mapping, detection of tumors, and angiography. Moreover, we spotlight surgical navigation instrumentation that is currently used for intraoperative tumor detection.     

Trace analysis of N-formylmorpholine in hydrocarbons and water by gas-liquid chromatography

Summary N-Formylmorpholine, which is a solvent used in the extraction of benzene, toluene and xylenes extraction from petroleum feedstocks, is determined in trace amounts in water and in aromatic hydrocarbons by gas-liquid chromatography using two stationary phases. Traces of N-formylmorpholine in hydrocarbons was determined on a column packed with 2.3% Bentone 34+4.6% DEGA on Chromosorb W AW treated with 1% KOH. Traces of N-formylmorpholine in water was determined on 20% SE-30 on Chromosorb W AW. The developed methods were examined and proved to give quantitative results.     

Dose distribution of gamma radiation in a new geometric configuration of a standard carton date package and its experimental application for disinfestation of packed dates

A new geometrical configuration composed of three standard carton boxes (SCBs) full with polyethylene bags (PBs), where each bag contains 1 kg of date, was placed on a single turntable of Gammabeam-650 and irradiated with low doses. The mean “radiation absorbed dose” for disinfestation of this geometrical unit at 15 equally distributed positions (Fricke dosimeters) inside 3 SCBs put on a single turntable was calculated to be 0.46 ± 0.20 kGy and dose uniformity ratio (U) = 1.0019/0.2500 = 4.00. The development and genetic tests carried out on insects found in the PBs 1–2 days after irradiation resulted in that all insects were completely sterile and died within a short period of time. No sign of any reinfestation was recorded at all in the treated packages even after 30 days of storage in an insectory. Apparently the prevention of insects from invading and/or penetrating the date packages is due mainly to the new combination of standard carton boxes that are widely used for commercial purposes and hermetically heat-sealed polyethylene bags of dates in addition to the entire prevention of reproduction induced by the “low” doses of γ radiation. Therefore, by using similar geometrical configuration, 18 big standard carton date packages can be simultaneously disinfected, using the same range of doses or so, by utilizing all the 6 turntables inside the radiation chamber of the Gammabeam-650 irradiation facility.