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排序方式: 共有292条查询结果,搜索用时 265 毫秒
51.
Carlsson N Sanandaji N Voinova M Akerman B 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2006,22(9):4408-4414
Porous hydrogels such as agarose are commonly used to analyze DNA and water-soluble proteins by electrophoresis. However, the hydrophilic environment of these gels is not suitable for separation of important amphiphilic molecules such as native membrane proteins. We show that an amphiphilic liquid crystal of the lipid monoolein and water can be used as a medium for electrophoresis of amphiphilic molecules. In fact, both membrane-bound fluorescent probes and water-soluble oligonucleotides can migrate through the same bicontinuous cubic crystal because both the lipid membrane and the aqueous phase are continuous. Both types of analytes exhibit a field-independent electrophoretic mobility, which suggests that the lipid crystal structure is not perturbed by their migration. Diffusion studies with four membrane probes indicate that membrane-bound analytes experience a friction in the cubic phase that increases with increasing size of the hydrophilic headgroup, while the size of the membrane-anchoring part has comparatively small effect on the retardation. 相似文献
52.
Numerical study on the hydrodynamic behavior of the dielectric fluid around an electrical discharge generated bubble in EDM 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mohammad T. Shervani-Tabar Nima Mobadersany 《Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics》2013,27(5):701-719
In the process of EDM, due to the electrical current, very small bubbles are created within the gap. These bubbles are connected to each other and generate a single bubble. The vapor bubble continues to grow until it finally collapses to small bubbles. The bubble behavior can be ascertained on the distribution of the pressure in the dielectric fluid around the bubble. In this paper, velocity fields and pressure distribution in the dielectric fluid around the bubble that is generated in the process of EDM are investigated numerically. The tool and the workpiece are assumed as two parallel rigid boundaries with dielectric liquid between them. The boundary integral equation method is applied for the numerical solution of the problem. This study can lead to better understanding of the bubble importance in the performance of the electrical discharge machining process. 相似文献
53.
Elham Moharrami Nima Jafari Navimipour 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2018,57(4):1060-1081
Some new technologies such as Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is suggested to solve the physical limits of the Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The QCA as one of the novel technologies at nanoscale has potential applications in future computers. This technology has some advantages such as minimal size, high speed, low latency, and low power consumption. As a result, it is used for creating all varieties of memory. Counter circuits as one of the important circuits in the digital systems are composed of some latches, which are connected to each other in series and actually they count input pulses in the circuit. On the other hand, the reversible computations are very important because of their ability in reducing energy in nanometer circuits. Improving the energy efficiency, increasing the speed of nanometer circuits, increasing the portability of system, making smaller components of the circuit in a nuclear size and reducing the power consumption are considered as the usage of reversible logic. Therefore, this paper aims to design a two-bit reversible counter that is optimized on the basis of QCA using an improved reversible gate. The proposed reversible structure of 2-bit counter can be increased to 3-bit, 4-bit and more. The advantages of the proposed design have been shown using QCADesigner in terms of the delay in comparison with previous circuits. 相似文献
54.
A new nonlinear integral resonant controller (NIRC) is introduced in this paper to suppress vibration in nonlinear oscillatory smart structures. The NIRC consists of a first-order resonant integrator that provides additional damping in a closed-loop system response to reduce high-amplitude nonlinear vibration around the fundamental reso-nance frequency. The method of multiple scales is used to obtain an approximate solution for the closed-loop system. Then closed-loop system stability is investigated using the resulting modulation equation. Finally, the effects of different control system parameters are illustrated and an approximate solution response is verified via numerical simulation results. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed controller are presented and extensively discussed in the results. The controlled system via the NIRC shows no high-amplitude peaks in the neighboring frequencies of the resonant mode, unlike conventional second-order compensation methods. This makes the NIRC controlled system robust to excitation frequency variations. 相似文献
55.
Nef‐Isocyanide ‐Based One‐pot Two‐step Three Component Dihydrobenzo[4,5]Imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazoles Synthesis
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Peiman Mirzaei Tayebeh Amanpour Soheila Naderi Ali Abolhasani Soorki 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2016,53(6):1783-1786
The reactive imidoyl chloride adducts generated in situ from the reaction of isocyanide and acyl chlorides were trapped by 2‐mercaptobenzimidazoles to yield highly functionalized dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazoles in good yields. 相似文献
56.
Nima E. Gorji 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2014,116(3):1347-1352
The present work considers two observable phenomena through the experimental fabrication and electrical characterization of the rf-sputtered CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells that extremely reduce the overall conversion efficiency of the device: CdCl2 residue on the surface of the semiconductor and shunting pinholes. The former happens through nonuniform treatment of the As-deposited solar cells before annealing at high temperature and the latter occurs by shunting pinholes when the cell surface is shunted by defects, wire-like pathways or scratches on the metallic back contact caused from the external contacts. Such physical problems may be quite common in the experimental activities and reduce the performance down to 4–5 % which leads to dismantle the device despite its precise fabrication. We present our electrical characterization on the samples that received wet CdCl2 surface treatment (uniform or nonuniform) and are damaged by the pinholes. 相似文献
57.
Samadpour M Giménez S Zad AI Taghavinia N Mora-Seró I 《Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP》2012,14(2):522-528
TiO(2) hollow fibers with high surface area were manufactured by a simple synthesis method, using natural cellulose fibers as template. The effective light scattering properties of the hollow fibers, originating from their micron size, were observed by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. In spite of the micrometric length of the TiO(2) hollow fibers, the walls were highly porous and high surface area (78.2 m(2) g(-1)) was obtained by the BET method. TiO(2) hollow fibers alone and mixed with other TiO(2) pastes were sensitized with CdSe quantum dots (QDs) by Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) and integrated as a photoanode in quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSCs). High power conversion efficiency was obtained, 3.24% (V(oc) = 503 mV, J(sc) = 11.92 mA cm(-2), FF = 0.54), and a clear correspondence of the cell performance with the photoanode structure was observed. The unique properties of these fibers: high surface area, effective light scattering, hollow structure to facile electrolyte diffusion and the rather high efficiencies obtained here suggest that hollow fibers can be introduced as promising nanostructures to make highly efficient quantum dot sensitized solar cells. 相似文献
58.
59.
Mohammad Abedini Ramin Vatankhah Nima Assadian 《Communications in Nonlinear Science & Numerical Simulation》2012,17(10):3832-3842
In this paper, optimal approaches for controlling chaos is studied. The unstable periodic orbits (UPOs) of chaotic system are selected as desired trajectories, which the optimal control strategy should keep the system states on it. Classical gradient-based optimal control methods as well as modern optimization algorithm Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are utilized to force the chaotic system to follow the desired UPOs. For better performance, gradient-based is applied in multi-intervals and the results are promising. The Duffing system is selected for examining the proposed approaches. Multi-interval gradient-based approach can put the states on UPOs very fast and keep tracking UPOs with negligible control effort. The maximum control in PSO method is also low. However, due to its inherent random behavior, its control signal is oscillatory. 相似文献
60.
Using the method of multiple scales, an extensive frequency response and subharmonic resonance analysis of the equations of
motion governing the nonlinear flexural vibrations of piezoelectrically actuated microcantilevers is performed. Such comprehensive
understanding of the nonlinear response and subharmonics analysis of these microcantilevers is, indeed, justified by the applications
of piezoelectrically actuated microcantilevers that are increasingly becoming popular in many science and engineering areas
including scanning force microscopy, biosensors, and microactuators. Along this line, the method of multiple scales is used
to derive the 2× and 3× subharmonic resonances appearing in nonlinear flexural vibrations of a piezoelectrically actuated
microcantilever. An experimental examination is performed in order to verify the analytical results. The analytical and experimental
results yield the same system response for the fundamental frequency. In addition, the experimental results demonstrate the
presence of subharmonic resonances that are supported by numerical simulations of the equations of motion. The experimental
mode shapes of these subharmonic frequencies are also measured and compared with fundamental frequency. 相似文献