Graph layering by promotion of nodes

This work contributes to the wide research area of visualization of hierarchical graphs. We present a new polynomial-time heuristic which can be integrated into the Sugiyama method for drawing hierarchical graphs. Our heuristic, which we call Promote Layering (PL), is applied to the output of the layering phase of the Sugiyama method. PL is a simple and easy to implement algorithm which decreases the number of so-called dummy (or virtual) nodes in a layered directed acyclic graph. In particular, we propose applying PL after the longest-path layering algorithm and we present an extensive empirical evaluation of this layering technique.     

Electrochemical studies of methyl substituted 1,4-quinones: Part I. The electrochemical dimerization of duroquinone

The electrochemical reduction of duroquinone produces diduroquinone in high yields. The dimerization is proposed to proceed via a catalytic process as the current passed is much less than one electron per molecule. Diduroquinone can be electrochemically cleaved to duroquinone anion radical by reduction. Several possible mechanisms are presented to explain the catalytic dimerization of duroquinone.     

Enzyme-catalyzed cascade synthesis of hydroxyiminoacetamides

In order to synthesize N-(3-azido-1-phenylpropyl)-2-hydroxyiminoacetamide, a key compound for the preparation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators of the N-substituted 2-hydroxyiminoacetamide type, it was necessary to develop a method for forming an amide bond between an ethyl glyoxylate oxime and an amine. Using Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B) in a cascade enzyme-BOP catalyzed reaction, the efficient synthesis of the target hydroxyiminoacetamide was achieved.     

A new method for strategic decision-making in higher education

Central European Journal of Operations Research - Using the appropriate methodology for strategic decision-making in higher education is crucial to make effective decisions. In this paper, the...     

Analysis and numerical simulation of magnetic forces between rigid polygonal bodies. Part II: Numerical simulation

The analysis of magnetoelastic phenomena is a field of active research. Formulae for the magnetic force in macroscopic systems have been under discussion for some time. In Popović et al. (Continum. Mech. Thermodyn. 2007), we rigorously justify several of the available formulae in the context of rigid bodies in two and three space dimensions. In the present, second part of our study, we investigate these formulae in a series of numerical experiments in which the magnetic force is computed in dependence on the geometries of the bodies as well as on the distance between them. In case the two bodies are in contact, i.e., in the limit as their distance tends to zero, we focus especially on a formula obtained in a discrete-to-continuum approximation. The aim of our study is to help clarify the question which force formula is the correct one in the sense that it describes nature most accurately and to suggest adequate real-life experiments for a comparison with the provided numerical data.