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51.
Summary A method of determining the thermal stresses in a flat rectangular isotropic plate of constant thickness with arbitrary temperature distribution in the plane of the plate and with no variation in temperature through the thickness is presented. The thermal stress have been obtained in terms of Fourier series and integrals that satisfy the differential equation and the boundary conditions. Several examples have been presented to show the application of the method.Nomenclature
x, y
rectangular coordinates
-
x, y
direct stresses
-
xy
shear stress
-
ø
Airy's stress function
-
E
Young's modulus of elasticity
-
coefficient of thermal expansion
-
T
temperature
-
2
Laplace operator:
-
4
biharmonic operator
-
2a
length of the plate
-
2b
width of the plate
-
a/b
aspect ratio
-
a
mr, bms, cnr, dns
Fourier coefficients defined in equation (6)
-
m=m/a m=1, 2, 3, ...
n=n/2a n=1, 3, 5, ...
-
r=r/b r=1, 2, 3, ...
s=s/2b s=1, 3, 5, ...
-
A
m, Bm, Cn, Dn, Er, Fr, Gs, Hs
Fourier coefficients
-
K
rand L
s
Fourier coefficients defined in equation (20)
-
direct stress at infinity
-
T
1(x, y)
temperature distribution symmetrical in x and y
-
T
2(x, y)
temperature distribution symmetrical in x and antisymmetrical in y
-
T
3(x, y)
temperature distribution antisymmetrical in x and symmetrical in y
-
T
4(x, y)
temperature distribution antisymmetrical in x and y 相似文献
52.
Li Shiuan Ng Dr. Tharishinny Raja Mogan Jinn-Kye Lee Dr. Haitao Li Dr. Chi-Lik Ken Lee Prof. Hiang Kwee Lee 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(47):e202313695
The production of green hydrogen through photocatalytic water splitting is crucial for a sustainable hydrogen economy and chemical manufacturing. However, current approaches suffer from slow hydrogen production (<70 μmol ⋅ gcat−1 ⋅ h−1) due to the sluggish four-electrons oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and limited catalyst activity. Herein, we achieve efficient photocatalytic water splitting by exploiting a multifunctional interface between a nano-photocatalyst and metal–organic framework (MOF) layer. The functional interface plays two critical roles: (1) enriching electron density directly on photocatalyst surface to promote catalytic activity, and (2) delocalizing photogenerated holes into MOF to enhance OER. Our photocatalytic ensemble boosts hydrogen evolution by ≈100-fold over pristine photocatalyst and concurrently produces oxygen at ideal stoichiometric ratio, even without using sacrificial agents. Notably, this unique design attains superior hydrogen production (519 μmol ⋅ gcat−1 ⋅ h−1) and apparent quantum efficiency up to 13-fold and 8-fold better than emerging photocatalytic designs utilizing hole scavengers. Comprehensive investigations underscore the vital role of the interfacial design in generating high-energy photoelectrons on surface-degenerate photocatalyst to thermodynamically drive hydrogen evolution, while leveraging the nanoporous MOF scaffold as an effective photohole sink to enhance OER. Our interfacial approach creates vast opportunities for designing next-generation, multifunctional photocatalytic ensembles using reticular chemistry with diverse energy and environmental applications. 相似文献
53.
Nabil Smichi Ahmed Fendri Raja Chaabouni Faouzi Ben Rebah Youssef Gargouri Nabil Miled 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2010,162(5):1483-1496
A lipolytic activity was located in the sardine digestive glands (pyloric caeca), from which a sardine digestive lipase (SaDL)
was purified. Pure SaDL has a molecular mass of 43 kDa as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
analysis. The enzyme was found to be more active on short-chain triacylglycerols than on long-chain ones. SaDL does not present
the interfacial activation phenomenon. Control experiments were performed under the same experimental conditions, with dromedary
and turkey pancreatic lipases and showed a positive interfacial activation phenomenon. Sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) has an inhibitory
effect on the lipase activity. The pure enzyme lost 40% of its activity in presence of 8 mM NaDC. SaDL was found to be mostly
stable at low pH values. Interestingly, no colipase was detected in the sardine pyloric caeca. Analogous results were reported
for the scorpion and the crab digestive systems. This is in line with the idea that colipase might has evolved in mammal animals
simultaneously with the appearance of an exocrine pancreas. No similarity was found between the NH2-terminal amino acid residues of SaDL and those of lipases from the digestive tract of other species. Altogether, these results
suggest that SaDL is a member of a new group of lipases belonging to aquatic species. 相似文献
54.
Synthesis and Reversible Hydration of a Pseudoprotein,a Fully Organic Polymeric Desiccant by Multiple Single‐Crystal‐to‐Single‐Crystal Transformations 下载免费PDF全文
Raja Mohanrao Prof. Dr. Kana M. Sureshan 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(38):12435-12439
A diphenylalanine derivative, N3‐Phe‐Phe‐NHCH2CCH, was designed for topochemical azide–alkyne cycloaddition (TAAC) polymerization. This dipeptide adopted β‐sheet arrangement as designed, in its crystals, but the azide and alkyne were not fitly aligned for their topochemical reaction. However, the voids present around these groups allowed them to attain a reactive geometry upon heating and their consequent TAAC polymerization to a pseudoprotein in a single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal (SCSC) fashion. This motion led to the creation of channels in the product crystal and it absorbed water from the surroundings to fill these channels as H‐bonded water wire. The pseudoprotein undergo reversible hydration/dehydration in SCSC fashion many times under mild conditions: hydration at low relative humidity and dehydration at low temperature. Vapor sorption analyses suggest that this fully organic polymer might be useful as an energy‐efficient desiccant material for controlling indoor humidity. 相似文献
55.
Duraiswamy SukanyaDuraisamy Senthil Raja Nattamai S.P. BhuvaneshKaruppannan Natarajan 《Polyhedron》2011,30(6):1108-1113
New hexa-coordinated Ru(III) complexes of the type [Ru(H2Pzdc)(EPh3)3X2] have been synthesized by reacting 3,5-pyrazole dicarboxylic acid (H3Pzdc) with the appropriate starting complexes [RuX3(EPh3)3] (where X = Cl or Br; E = P or As). The ligand behaves as a bidentate monobasic chelate. All the complexes have been characterized by analytical and spectroscopic (IR, electronic and EPR) data. Single-crystal X-ray analysis of the complex [Ru(H2Pzdc)(PPh3)2Cl2]·C6H6·C2H5OH revealed that the coordination environment around the ruthenium center consists of an NOP2Cl2 octahedron. The planar ligand occupies the equatorial position along with two chlorine atoms, while the triphenylphosphine groups occupy the axial positions. The electrochemical behavior of the new complexes was studied using cyclic voltammetry. The new mononuclear ruthenium complexes are capable of acting as catalysts for the oxidation of alcohols. 相似文献
56.
Calcined Mg-Al hydrotalcites (Mg/Al=3) can be used as an efficient catalyst in the selective O-methylation of phenol and catechol and N-monomethylation of aniline employing dimethylcarbonate (DMC) as a methylating agent in vapor phase at 275°C. 相似文献
57.
Tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine‐based ferrocene‐terminated dendrimers as burning rate catalysts for ammonium perchlorate‐based propellant decomposition 下载免费PDF全文
Zain‐ul‐Abdin Li Wang Haojie Yu Rizwan Ullah Khan Raja Summe Ullah Muhammad Haroon 《应用有机金属化学》2018,32(4)
Ferrocene‐based derivatives show potential application as burning rate catalysts (BRCs) for solid composite propellants. However, migration problems of simple ferrocene‐based derivatives limit their application as BRCs in solid composite propellants. To overcome the migration problems of ferrocene‐based BRCs and to enhance the burning rate of ammonium perchlorate (AP)‐based propellants, zero‐ to second‐generation tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine‐based ferrocene‐terminated dendrimers (G0, G1 and G2) were synthesized. The structures of G0, G1 and G2 were confirmed using 1H NMR, Fourier transform infrared and UV–visible spectroscopies. The electrochemical behavior of G0, G1 and G2 was investigated using cyclic voltammetry. It was found that G0, G1 and G2 showed redox behavior due to the presence of ferrocene and this redox behavior was diffusion controlled over the investigated scan range. The burning rate catalytic effect of G0, G1 and G2 on thermal decomposition of AP was investigated using thermogravimetry and differential thermogravimetry. G0, G1 and G2 showed good catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of AP. Anti‐migration studies showed that migration of G0, G1 and G2 was much slower than that of 2,2‐bis(ethylferrocenyl)propane (catocene) and ferrocene. 相似文献
58.
Palladium nanoparticles immobilized on sepiolite–cyclodextrin nanosponge hybrid: Efficient heterogeneous catalyst for ligand‐ and copper‐free C─C coupling reactions 下载免费PDF全文
A novel hybrid system composed of sepiolite clay and cyclodextrin nanosponge (CDNS) was prepared via reaction of Cl‐functionalized sepiolite with amine‐functionalized CDNS. CDNS–sepiolite was then applied for immobilization of Pd(0) nanoparticles. The resulting hybrid system, Pd@CDNS‐sepiolite, was characterized using various techniques and successfully used as an efficient and heterogeneous catalyst for ligand‐ and copper‐free Sonogashira and Heck coupling reactions under mild reaction conditions. Recycling experiments confirmed that Pd@CDNS‐sepiolite was recyclable and could be used for several consecutive reaction runs with slight Pd leaching and loss of catalytic activity. 相似文献
59.
60.
Remarkable Effect of Chalcogen Substitution on an Enzyme Mimetic for Deiodination of Thyroid Hormones 下载免费PDF全文
Karuppusamy Raja Prof. Dr. Govindasamy Mugesh 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(26):7674-7678
Iodothyronine deiodinases are selenoenzymes which regulate the thyroid hormone homeostasis by catalyzing the regioselective deiodination of thyroxine (T4). Synthetic deiodinase mimetics are important not only to understand the mechanism of enzyme catalysis, but also to develop therapeutic agents as abnormal thyroid hormone levels have implications in different diseases, such as hypoxia, myocardial infarction, critical illness, neuronal ischemia, tissue injury, and cancer. Described herein is that the replacement of sulfur/selenium atoms in a series of deiodinase mimetics by tellurium remarkably alters the reactivity as well as regioselectivity toward T4. The tellurium compounds reported in this paper represent the first examples of deiodinase mimetics which mediate sequential deiodination of T4 to produce all the hormone derivatives including T0 under physiologically relevant conditions. 相似文献