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81.
Taki M San Miguel M Santagiustina M 《Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics》2000,61(2):2133-2136
Degenerate optical parametric oscillators can exhibit both uniformly translating fronts and nonuniformly translating envelope fronts under the walk-off effect. The nonlinear dynamics near threshold is shown to be described by a real convective Swift-Hohenberg equation, which provides the main characteristics of the walk-off effect on pattern selection. The predictions of the selected wave vector and the absolute instability threshold are in very good quantitative agreement with numerical solutions found from the equations describing the optical parametric oscillator. 相似文献
82.
Acoustic performance in ultrasonic transmitters can be improved by means of a suitable electrical driving response and matching/tuning networks. It is important to predict this electrical response, but doing so is not easy because it departs notably from the nominal pattern with the loading probes. In practice, the analysis of HV pulser spikes in NDE applications requires fairly complex models in the transient regime and, in addition, non-linear problems could arise, especially in the case of tuned transmitters. In this paper, the most relevant influences of loading characteristics of NDT ultrasonic probes on the pulser electrical driving responses are evaluated in time and frequency domains. Conventional pulse generators and typical NDE pulsers are considered. Driving responses are analysed across commercial ultrasonic probes and, alternatively, across similar purely electrical loads. Distinct influences on pulser responses from electrical and motional sections of the probes are identified. All these aspects are studied on the basis of experimental and computer results. 相似文献
83.
用荧光染色技术及流式细胞仪分析方法研究了 A1/京防861 和 B/沪防931 两株流感病毒感染与细胞凋亡的关系,探讨利用嗜麦芽假单胞菌黑色素抑制流感病毒诱导 M D C K 细胞凋亡的可能性 结果显示:黑色素在 100 m g· L- 1 浓度范围内,对 M D C K 细胞无细胞毒性; A1/京防 861 和 B/沪防 931 两株流感病毒均可诱导 M D C K细胞凋亡,但二者存在毒力差异(p< 0.05)病毒感染12 h 后,荧光染色可观察到典型的凋亡核形态,流式细胞仪则可检测到病毒诱导 M D C K 细胞产生的凋亡峰,且细胞凋亡率分别为37.02% 和 2729% ;20 m g· L- 1 的黑色素可有效抑制两株流感病毒诱导细胞凋亡,使细胞凋亡指数从25% ~35% 降至3% 以下 结果表明,黑色素可以抑制 A 和 B型流感病毒诱导细胞凋亡 相似文献
84.
A Metal–Organic Framework with Cooperative Phosphines That Permit Post‐Synthetic Installation of Open Metal Sites 下载免费PDF全文
Samuel G. Dunning Gianne Nandra Adam D. Conn Wenrui Chai R. Eric Sikma Ji Sun Lee Pranaw Kunal Joseph E. Reynolds III Jong‐San Chang Alexander Steiner Graeme Henkelman Simon M. Humphrey 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(30):9295-9299
PCM‐101 is a phosphine coordination material comprised of tris(p‐carboxylato)triphenylphosphine and secondary pillaring groups coordinated to [M3(OH)]5+ nodes (M=Co, Ni). PCM‐101 has a unique topology in which R3P: sites are arranged directly trans to one another, with a P???P separation distance dictated by the pillars. Post‐synthetic coordination of soft metals to the P: sites proceeds at room temperature to provide X‐ray quality crystals that permit full structural resolution. Addition of AuCl groups forces a large distortion of the parent framework. In contrast, CuBr undergoes insertion directly between the trans‐P sites to form dimers that mimic solution‐phase complexes, but that are geometrically strained due to steric pressure exerted by the MOF scaffold. The metalated materials are active in heterogeneous hydroaddition catalysis under mild conditions, yielding different major products compared to their molecular counterparts. 相似文献
85.
Brian A. Naughton Benson Sibanda Jory P. Weintraub Julia San Román Vafa Kamali 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1995,54(1-3):65-91
A method of coculturing adult rat hepatic parenchymal cells (PC) and stromal cells in a three-dimensional framework of nylon
filtration screens or biodegradable polymer meshes was developed in our laboratory. Rat liver stroma, which includes vascular
and bile duct endothelial cells, fat-storing cells, fibroblasts, and Kupffer cells, were isolated by gradient centrifugation
afterin situ liver perfusion and expanded in monolayer culture prior to seeding onto nylon screens or bioresorbable polyglycolic acid
(PGA) polymers oriented into a felt-like construct. A second inoculum of freshly isolated PC was applied after the stromal
cells became established. Histological analyses revealed that PC proliferation occurred until all available space for expansion
within the template was exhausted. These cells retained their rounded morphology, and after 4–5 wk 7–9 “layers” of PC filled
the 140-μm deep template. Dioxin-inducible cytochrome P450 activity was detected for up to 58 d in culture, and albumin, fibrinogen,
transferrin, and soluble fibronectin were detected in the medium by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for 48 d in
vitro. Immunohistochemical analysis of sections through the cultures confirmed the presence of these proteins as well as cytokeratin
at the cellular level; the extracellular matrix stained for both collagen type III and laminin. Long-term PC proliferation
and function were enhanced by the presence of stromal cells as well as by a meshwork template whose geometry allows the interaction
of PC with stroma and matrix on several different planes. To permit transplantation, co-cultures of hepatic PC and stromal
cells were established on PGA felt constructs instead of nylon screens. After 24 d in vitro, these constructs were grafted
into sites in the mesentery, omentum, and sub-cutaneous tissues of adult Long-Evans rats. The growth of hepatocytes after
30 din situ was evident by histological analysis; grafts of co-cultures regenerated a liver-like architecture consisting of sinusoids
and putative biliary structures. In addition, PC at these extrahepatic graft sites were positive for albumin, transferrin,
and fibrinogen synthesis by immunohistochemistry. Graft survival was enhanced when recipients were subjected to 40% hepatectomy.
Hepatic PC:stromal cell cocultures may prove useful in the restoration of liver function either by direct transplantation
using PGA or similar templates, or as extracorporeal devices, using nylon screens. 相似文献
86.
利用集合在某点的相依切锥、法向锥和可行方向锥等研究向量优化问题的有效点、 弱有效点和真有效点的特征,对局部有效点、局部弱有效点和局部真有效点与集合的各 锥之间的关系作了刻画. 相似文献
87.
Shuangyin Wang Fan Yang San Ping Jiang Shengli Chen Xin Wang 《Electrochemistry communications》2010,12(11):1646-1649
Polyelectrolytes with various characteristic functional groups as interlinkers to anchor Pt nanoparticles were used to functionalize carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as Pt electrocatalyst support. It was found that polyanions (poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PSS), and poly(acrylic acid sodium) (PAA)) have a beneficial effect on methanol electrooxidation on Pt nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes via modifying their electronic structure through charge transfer from polyanions to Pt sites and supply of oxygen-containing species. The increased electron density around Pt sites by the charge transfer from polyanions would cause partial filling of Pt 5d-bands, resulting in the downshift of d-band center and weaker chemisorption with oxygen-containing species (e.g. COad). The weakened chemisorption of CO on Pt nanoparticles would promote the methanol electrooxidation. On the contrary, polycations would have an opposite effect on the electronic structure and chemisorption properties of Pt nanoparticles. 相似文献
88.
Simultaneous determination of the fat-soluble vitamins A and E and the water-soluble vitamins B1, B2 and B6 has been carried using a screening method from fluorescence contour graphs. These graphs show different colour zones in relation to the fluorescence intensity measured for the pair of excitation/emission wavelengths. The identification of the corresponding excitation/emission wavelength zones allows the detection of different vitamins in an aqueous medium regardless of the fat or water solubility of each vitamin, owing to the presence of a surfactant which forms micelles in water at the used concentration (over the critical micelle concentration). The micelles dissolve very water insoluble compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, inside the aggregates. This approach avoids the use of organic solvents in determining these vitamins and offers the possibility of analysing fat- and water-soluble vitamins simultaneously. The method has been validated in terms of detection limit, cut-off limit, sensitivity, number of false positives, number of false negatives and uncertainty range. The detection limit is about g L–1. The screening method was applied to different samples such as pharmaceuticals, juices and isotonic drinks. 相似文献
89.
Spectrafluorimetric method for the rapid screening of toxic heavy metals in water samples 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
B. San Vicente de la RivaJ.M. Costa-Fernández R. PereiroA. Sanz-Medel 《Analytica chimica acta》2002,451(2):203-210
A fast and inexpensive sensitive screening test for recognising potential wastewater contamination by the presence of highly toxic heavy metals is described. The test is based on the reaction of the toxic heavy metals Hg(II), Cd(II), Pb(II) and Ag(I) with 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) to produce highly fluorescent complexes.Optimum experimental conditions include a buffer of pH 7.2 (0.1 M citric acid/0.2 M Na2HPO4), a chelating reagent concentration of 6×10−4 M and the addition of 10−4 M of o-phenanthroline. The fluorescence emitted by the complexes was measured at 380 and 540 nm for excitation and emission wavelengths, respectively.Detection limits of 4, 3, 6 and 3 μg l−1 were achieved for Hg, Cd, Pb and Ag. Relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) were between ±2 and ±6% of the fluorescence signals for five identical samples. Potential interference effects from other heavy metals (Zn, Mn, Co, Fe, Ni and Cu), which could affect the response of the proposed screening test was investigated. Results showed that none of these metals give rise to noticeable fluorescence signals under the above described experimental conditions.Finally, the capability of the proposed heavy metal screening test for the analysis of contaminated water samples is discussed. 相似文献
90.
Three new complexes with the ligand 3,5‐diamino‐1,2,4‐triazole (Hdatrz), [Co3(μ2‐Hdatrz)6(H2O)6]·(NO3)8·4H2O ( 1 ), [Cu3(μ2‐Hdatrz)4(μ2‐Cl)2(H2O)2Cl2]·Cl2·4H2O·2C2H5OH ( 2 ) and {[Zn2(μ2‐SO4) (μ3‐datrz)2]·2H2O}n ( 3 ) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Complex 1 has a linear trinuclear mixed‐valence cobalt structure with six neutral triazole ligands in the N(1), N(2)‐bridging mode. The central cobalt atom, Co(1), is coordinated to six nitrogen atoms (octahedral) whereas the terminal cobalt atom, Co(2), is coordinated to an N3O3 moiety (octahedral). In complex 1 , the uudd cyclic water clusters, nitrate anions and the trimeric cations are linked to a supramolecular structure. Complex 2 features a linear trinuclear copper(II) core, with four N(1), N(2)‐bridging triazole ligands and two chlorido bridges. The central copper atom is coordinated to an N4Cl2 moiety (octahedral) whereas the terminal copper is coordinated to an N2Cl2O moiety (square‐pyramidal). In complex 2 , tetrahedral hydrogen bonding interactions play an important role to form a supramolecular network. Complex 3 exhibits a polymeric structure, with N(1), N(2), N(4)‐bridging triazolate ligands and sulfate bridges, in which zinc is coordinated to an N3O moiety (tetrahedral). In complex 3 , water molecules and sulfate anions construct the sulfate‐water supramolecular chain with hydrogen bonding interactions. In addition, the complexes were investigated by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopic, and thermogravimetric measurements. 相似文献