Synthesis, characterization, and electrical and electrochemical properties of sandwich dilutetium tetraphthalocyanine

Lu2Pc2 and lithium hexylthio-phthalocyanine have been used to synthesize [Lu2(Pc)4] which exhibits variable range hopping conductivity as inorganic semiconductors and also observed electrochromic effect from cyclic voltammetric (CV) measurement.     

Synthesis and chemistry of unusual bicyclic endoperoxides containing the pyridazine ring

Inverse-Diels-Alder reaction of dimethyl 1,2,4,5-tetrazine-3,6-dicarboxylate with unsaturated bicyclic endoperoxides gave the bicyclic endoperoxides containing the pyridazine ring. The NEt(3) and CoTPP (TPP = tetraphenylporphyrin) catalyzed reaction of endoperoxide 8 resulted in the formation of hydroxy ketone 11 and cis-diol 9. Cleavage of the peroxide linkage in 8 with thiourea provided cis-diol 9. Oxidation of hydroxy ketone 11 and cis-diol 9 led to the phthalazine-5,8-dione 10. Furthermore, the various transformations of the other endoperoxides 19, 20, 22, 23, and 30 resulted in the formation of pyridazine derivatives.     

Ultraslow optical waveguiding in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate

We investigate waveguiding of ultraslow light pulses in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. We show that under the conditions of off-resonant electromagnetically induced transparency, waveguiding with a few ultraslow modes can be realized. The number of modes that can be supported by the condensate can be controlled by means of experimentally accessible parameters. Propagation constants and the mode conditions are determined analytically using a Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin analysis. Mode profiles are found numerically.     

Studies on the Reaction of Cycloalkanones with Malonodinitrile

Cyclopentanone reacts with malononitrile catalyzed by piperidine or sodium acetate to afford under any case cyclopentylidenemalononitrile dimer: 5‐aminospiro‐[2,6,7,7a‐tetrahydroindene‐7,1′‐cyclopentane]‐4,6,6‐tricarbonitrile ( 7 ) as the sole product. Contrary to this behavior, cyclohexanone reacts with malononitrile catalyzed by piperidine to afford the analogous cyclohexylidenemalononitrile dimer: 2‐aminospiro‐[3,4,5,6,7,4a‐hexahydronaphthalene‐4,1′‐cyclohexane]‐1,3,3‐tricarbonitrile ( 11 ); whereas when the reaction is catalyzed by sodium acetate, it afforded 9,10‐diaza‐8,11‐dioxo‐tricyclo‐[4.3.3.0^1,6]‐dodecane‐7,12‐dicarbonitrile ( 12 ). The structures of these products were established on the basis of their elemental analysis and spectral data, and plausible mechanism has been postulated to account for their formation. X‐ray crystallography was carried out as a further evidence for structures 7 and 12 .     

Experimental and Theoretical Vibrational Spectra of Sideridiol Isolated from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sideritis</Emphasis> Species

Sideridiol (ent-7α,18β-dihydroxykaur-15-ene) one of the ent-kaurene diterpenoid, is isolated from the genus Sideritis L. belongs to the family of Lamiaceae. The vibrational frequencies of sideridiol in the ground state have been calculated using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method with the 6-31G(d) and 6 31+G(d,p) basis sets. The calculated vibrational frequencies have been compared with that of obtained experimental IR spectrum.