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111.
Francisco Vega Reyes lvaro Rodríguez-Rivas Juan F. Gonzlez-Saavedra Miguel A. Lpez-Castao 《Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,24(11)
We study an air-fluidized granular monolayer composed of plastic spheres which roll on a metallic grid. The air current is adjusted so that the spheres never lose contact with the grid and so that the dynamics may be regarded as pseudo two dimensional (or two dimensional, if the effects of the sphere rolling are not taken into account). We find two surprising continuous transitions, both of them displaying two coexisting phases. Moreover, in all the cases, we found the coexisting phases display a strong energy non-equipartition. In the first transition, at a weak fluidization, a glass phase coexists with a disordered fluid-like phase. In the second transition, a hexagonal crystal coexists with the fluid phase. We analyze, for these two-phase systems, the specific diffusive properties of each phase, as well as the velocity correlations. Surprisingly, we find a glass phase at a very low packing fraction and for a wide range of granular temperatures. Both phases are also characterized by strong anticorrelated velocities upon a collision. Thus, the dynamics observed for this quasi two-dimensional system unveil phase transitions with peculiar properties, very different from the predicted behavior in well-know theories for their equilibrium counterparts. 相似文献
112.
Ja?o B. Prolla 《Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo》1993,42(1):93-105
IfS is a compact Hausdorff space of finite covering dimension and (E, τ) is a real or complex topological vector space (not necessarily locally convex), we prove a Weierstrass-Stone theorem
for subsets ofC(S;E), the space of all continuous functions fromS intoE, equipped with the topology of uniform convergence overS. 相似文献
113.
114.
João Batista Oliveira 《Computational Optimization and Applications》2000,16(3):215-229
This paper describes an efficient method (O(n)) to evaluate the Lipschitz constant for functions described in some algorithmic language. Considering arithmetical operations as the basis of the algorithmic language and supported by control structures, the rules to evaluate such Lipschitz constants are presented and their correctness is proved. An extension of the method to evaluate Lipschitz constants over interval domains is also presented. Examples are presented, but the effectiveness of the method is doubtful when compared to other approaches, and effective enhancements based on slope evaluations are also explored. 相似文献
115.
Maria das Graças Andrade Korn Elane Santos da Boa Morte Daniele Cristina Muniz Batista dos Santos Jacira Teixeira Castro José Tiago Pereira Barbosa Alete Paixão Teixeira 《应用光谱学评论》2013,48(2):67-92
Abstract The present article gives an overview of recent publications and modern techniques of sample preparation for food analysis employing atomic and inorganic mass spectrometric techniques, such as flame atomic absorption spectrometry, chemical vapor generation atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence spectrometry, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Among the most frequently applied sample preparation techniques for food analysis are dry ashing, usually with the addition of an ashing aid, and acid digestion, preferably with the assistance of microwave energy. Slurry preparation, particularly with the assistance of ultrasound, is increasingly used to reduce acid consumption and sample preparation time. Direct analysis of solid samples is gaining importance in the field of food analysis as it offers the highest sensitivity, avoids the use of acids and other aggressive reagents, makes possible the analysis of micro‐samples, and can be applied for fast screening analysis, e.g., of fresh meat. 相似文献
116.
M. Melo O. Frazão A.L.J. Teixeira L.A. Gomes J.R. Ferreira da Rocha H.M. Salgado 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2003,77(1):139-142
In this paper, we present a continuous-wave tunable fibre ring laser operating in the L-band. A bi-directional pumped L-band erbium-doped fibre amplifier provides gain to the loop. Tunability is achieved by bending a single-mode fibre taper using a micrometer drive, controlling in this way the spectral cavity losses. Laser emission is achieved between 1587 and 1606 nm, and low variation of the output laser power is observed over all the tuning range. PACS 42.55.Wd; 42.60.Da 相似文献
117.
Malachias A Kycia S Medeiros-Ribeiro G Magalhães-Paniago R Kamins TI Williams RS 《Physical review letters》2003,91(17):176101
Three-dimensional composition maps of nominally pure Ge domes grown on Si(001) at 600 degrees C were obtained from grazing incidence anomalous x-ray scattering data at the Ge K edge. The data were analyzed in terms of a stack of layers with laterally varying concentration. The results demonstrated that the domes contained a Si-rich core covered by a Ge-rich shell and were independently supported by selective etch experiments. The composition profile resulted from substrate Si alloying into the Ge during growth to partially relax the stress in and under the domes. 相似文献
118.
H.M. Martínez J. Torres M.E. Rodríguez-García L.D. López Carreño 《Physica B: Condensed Matter》2012,407(16):3199-3202
Thin films of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) were deposited on common glass using the chemical spray pyrolysis technique. A (NH4)6Mo7O244H20 solution 0.1 M was used as the precursor one. The influence of substrate temperature on the crystallographic structure, surface morphology and electrical behavior of MoO3 thin films was studied. MoO3 can exist in two crystalline forms, the thermodynamically stable orthorhombic α-MoO3 and the metastable monoclinic β-MoO3 phase. XRD-spectra showed a growth of α-MoO3 phase percentage as substrate temperature increases from 420 K up to 670 K. Films deposited in the 500–600 K range have a clearly porous surface structure of nanometer order as can be seen in SEM images. Changes up to six magnitude orders were observed in MoO3 thin films electrical resistance when films temperature varied from 100 K up to 500 K. The sensing property of these MoO3 films was also studied. The sensitivity was investigated in the temperature range 160 and 360 K for H2O and CO gases, respectively. Both of them are of reducing nature. In all studied cases sensitivity decreases slowly as film temperature is raised. At room temperature the sensitivity changes from 12 up to 75% depending on substrate temperature. The sensitivity for CO gas was found to be lower than that of H2O. 相似文献
119.
Meral Birbir Hüsniye Hac?o?lu Ya?ar Birbir Gül?en Altu? 《Journal of Electrostatics》2009,67(4):640-645
Inactivation effect of alternative electric current on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and fecal E. coli MAAG 1405 found resistant to antibiotics was examined in water samples collected from Ayamama River, Sar?su River, and their discharge points into sea and from Black Sea and Marmara Sea. In addition to water samples, lauryl sulfate broth was used as an organic rich medium. Both test strains were inactivated within 1–3 min in media containing marine waters (1 A), 5–10 min in Ayamama River water (1 A), 5 min in Sar?su River water (0.5 A), 20–35 min in lauryl sulfate broth (1 A) by applying alternative electric current. 相似文献
120.