Regularity Criterion for a Nonhomogeneous Incompressible Ginzburg-Landau-Navier-Stokes System

Applications of Mathematics - We prove a regularity criterion for a nonhomogeneous incompressible Ginzburg-Landau-Navier-Stokes system with the Coulomb gauge in ?3. It is proved that if the...     

Structural features responsible for GFPuv and S147P-GFP’s improved fluorescence

Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is used as a biological marker. It is a protein in the jellyfish, Aequorea victorea, which is found in the cold Pacific Northwest. Mature GFP, i.e. fully fluorescent GFP, is most efficiently formed at temperatures well below 37 °C. The GFPuv (F99S/M153T/V163A) and S147P-GFP mutants mature more efficiently at room temperature than wild-type GFP, and therefore result in increased fluorescence at room temperature. Computational methods have been used to examine whether the low-energy precyclized forms of these improved GFP-mutants are preorganized so that they can more efficiently form the chromophore than the wild-type and S65T-GFP. All mutations examined (S147P, F99S, M153T, V163A and F99S/M153T/V163A) more efficiently preorganize the immature precyclized forms of GFP for chromophore formation than immature wild-type GFP. It has been proposed that Arg96 is involved in chromophore formation. Our calculations suggest that the M153T and V163A mutations in GFPuv maybe partially responsible for the increased maturation efficiency observed in GFPuv because they improve the Arg96–Tyr66 interaction. The same is true for the S147P mutation in S147P-GFP.     

Strange nonchaotic attractors in the externally modulated Rayleigh–Bénard system

The amplitude equation associated with an externally modulated Rayleigh–Bénard system of binary mixtures near the codimension-two point is considered. Strange nonchaotic dynamics and chaotic behaviour are investigated numerically. The creation of strange nonchaotic attractors as well as the onset of chaos are studied through an analysis of Poincaré surfaces, a construction of the bifurcation diagram and a new method for computing Lyapunov exponents that exploits the underlying symplectic structure of Hamiltonian dynamics [Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 (1995) 70].     

Distinct difference of chemical behaviors between 5H,7H-dibenzo[b,g][1,5]dithiocin 12-oxide and thiazocine S-oxide

5H, 7H-Diobenzo [b,g] [1,5] dithiocin 12-oxide (2) rearranged into 6-oxide (3) in the presence of CF₃CO₂H. The corresponding thiazocine S-oxide (5) was only protonated at the amino group under the same conditions. Furthermore, methylation of 2 afforded S-methylated product (7) in contrast to O-methylated product in 5.     

A novel cyclization reaction of oxidodiazoalkanes: formation of pyrazoles and pyridazines

The thermal decomposition of dialkali metal salts of β- and γ-hydroxyketone tosyl-hydrazones in refluxing DME produced pyrazoles and pyridazines, respectively.     

Ring-transformation equilibrium with participation of π-bonded S in an isothiazole system. Synthesis of non-ring-transformed 5-(2-aminovinyl)isothiazole derivative via 1,3-silyl group shift

Substituents at 5-position of 5-amino-3-methyl- and 3-p-chlorophenyl-5-methylisothiazoles (7 and 8) were silylated and then lithiated to couple with aromatic nitriles in order to afford the adducts (4 and 5) via 1,3-silyl group shift. Desilylation of 5 with TBAF gave solely non-ring-transformed product (3-α-form). By using the pure sample of 3-α-form, the reversible ring-trans- formation (bond switch) was observed $\text{under neutral conditions}$ for the first time.     

Sigmatropic rearrangements in the allyl substituted oxazolinone system

Thermolysis and photolysis of several allyl substituted oxazolin-5-ones results in a sigmatropic rearrangement in accord with orbital symmetry predictions.