Study on laminar viscosity and zero shear viscosity of latex systems

The flowing nature and rheological properties of polymethyl methacrylate latex systems in a coaxial cylinder viscometer were studied on the basis of laminar shear flow model and rheological experimental data. The physical meaning of laminar viscosity (eta(i,j)) and zero shear viscosity (eta(0)) were described. We assumed that laminar shear flows depended on position and shear time, so microrheological parameters were the function of position and shear time. eta(i,j) was the viscosity of any shear sheet i between two neighboring laminar shear flows at time t; j was denoted as j=t/Deltat; and Deltat was the interacting time of two particles or two laminar shear flows. tau(i,j) and gamma(i,j) were shear stress and shear rate of any shear sheet i at j moment. According to Newton regulation tau(i,j)=eta(i,j)gamma(i,j), apparent viscosity eta(a) should be a statistically mean value of j shear sheets laminar viscosity at j moment, i.e., eta(a)= summation operator(i=j)eta(i,j)gamma(i,j)/ summation operator(i=j)gamma(i,j). eta(0) was defined as shear viscosity between a laminar shear flow and a still fluid surface, i.e., eta(0)=(tau(i,j)/gamma(i,j))(j-i-->0). These new ideas described above may be helpful in the study of the micromechanisms of latex particle systems and worthy of more research.     

A Theoretical Study on the Conductivity of Carbon Doped BNNT

From the changes in energy band, density of state (DOS) and electronic structure calculated by the DFT/B3LYP method, the conductivity of carbon doped boron‐nitride nanotube (BNNT), which is formed by C‐C bond substituting B‐N bond, was discussed. The results indicate that the substitution will strengthen the conductivity of the tube, and its semi‐conductivity might be adjusted by controlling the substitution.     

A molecular docking model of SARS-CoV S1 protein in complex with its receptor, human ACE2

The exact residues within severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) S1 protein and its receptor, human ACE2, involved in their interaction still remain largely undetermined. Identification of exact amino acid residues that are crucial for the interaction of S1 with ACE2 could provide working hypotheses for experimental studies and might be helpful for the development of antiviral inhibitor. In this paper, a molecular docking model of SARS-CoV S1 protein in complex with human ACE2 was constructed. The interacting residue pairs within this complex model and their contact types were also identified. Our model, supported by significant biochemical evidence, suggested receptor-binding residues were concentrated in two segments of S1 protein. In contrast, the interfacial residues in ACE2, though close to each other in tertiary structure, were found to be widely scattered in the primary sequence. In particular, the S1 residue ARG453 and ACE2 residue LYS341 might be the key residues in the complex formation.     

Baker''''s yeast mediated reduction of substituted acenaphthenequinones: Regio-and enantioselective preparation of mono-hydroxyacenaphthenones

Baker's yeast mediated reduction of acenaphthenequinone within 4-10 h afforded mono-hydroxyacenaphthenone mainly with low enantioselectivity, the substrate and mono-hydroxyacenaphthenone product almost converted to dihydroxyacenaphthene after 48 h. By control of the reaction time and in the presence of DMF as co-solvent, the reduction of 6-substituted acenaphthenequinones under vigorous agitation afforded the corresponding 2-hydroxyacenaphthenones in 24-84% yields with 10-93% ee.     

Catalytic oxidation of alcohols with polymer-supported ruthenium complex under mild conditions

Polymer-supported ruthenium-containing complex PS–Phen–Ru was synthesized (where PS = chloromethyl polystyrene resin, Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) and was characterized by FT-IR, ICP, and XPS. The supported complex was used to catalyze the oxidation of primary aliphatic alcohols as well as aromatic alcohols in the presence of iodosylbenzene. The oxidations were carried out in acetonitrile solution, affording the corresponding aldehydes or ketones in high substrate conversion and high selectivities under mild reaction conditions. The catalyst can be easily prepared and can be recycled.     

Bisbakuchiols A and B, novel dimeric meroterpenoids from Psoralea corylifolia

Two novel dimeric meroterpenoids, bisbakuchiols A and B, along with (S)-bakuchiol were isolated from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L. (Fabaceae). Bisbakuchiols A and B contain an unprecedented dimeric meroterpenoid skeleton in which two meroterpenes are linked through a dioxane bridge. All compounds were evaluated for their potential to inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) activation induced by hypoxia in a HIF-1-mediated reporter gene assay in AGS human gastric cancer cells. (S)-Bakuchiol inhibited hypoxic activation of HIF-1 with an IC₅₀ value of 6.1 μM.     

几种新的聚合物冠醚的合成及其络合与催化性能

由一、二、三和四缩乙二醇双钠盐与带有活泼卤原子的聚β-氯乙基缩水甘油醚进行环化反应,制备了四种新的聚合物冠醚(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ)。络合容量测定结果表明,它们对K~+、Na~+均有较好的络合能力。在催化Wolff-Kishner(二苯甲酮腙还原为二苯甲烷)和正溴辛烷的碘代反应中,它们是有效的相转移催化剂。其中以Ⅱ最好,它的催化活性与小分子冠醚18-C-16和DB18-C-6相似,且易于回收,重复使用。     

Synthesis and Mesogenic Properties of Liquid Crystals Containing Terminal Cyclohexylmethanol,Cyclopentylmethanol, Cyclobutylmethanol and Cyclopropylmethanol Moiety

Four series of compounds 11?50 containing terminal alicyclic rings such as cyclohexylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, and cyclopropylmethyl rings were synthesized and their liquid crystal behavior studied. The ring size and the length of flexible alkoxy chain influence the phase formation in different ways. While the smaller ring and the shorter alkoxy chain tend to favor the formation of the N phase, the larger ring and the longer alkoxy chain tend to favor the formation of the SmC phase. All the compounds except 11 and 21 exhibit SmA phases. The widest temperature range of the N, SmA, and SmC phases are found in the compounds 41 , 46 , and 20 , respectively, which are 75 °C for 41 , 115 °C for 46 , and 100 °C for 20 .     

Study on the Interaction between Gatifloxacin Mesylate and Salmon Sperm DNA by Fluorescence Method

The interaction between gatifloxacin mesylate (GM) and salmon sperm DNA was studied by fluorescence spectrometry and ultra‐violet (UV) spectrometry. Additions of salmon sperm DNA to GM solution resulted in its strong fluorescence quenching and UV absorbance decrease due to the strong interaction between GM and salmon sperm DNA. Both the maximum fluorescence emission wavelength and the maximum UV absorbance wavelength of GM did not change with the increasing concentration of salmon sperm DNA, indicating no intercalative binding existed between them. The Stern‐Volmer plot indicated that the fluorescence‐quenching constant at different temperatures or different salmon sperm DNA concentration ranges was different. Effects of ionic strength and I^? on the fluorescence quenching of GM by salmon sperm DNA indicated that electrostatic interaction and groove binding coexisted between them.     

Direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of hemoglobin in gelatine film modified glassy carbon electrode

Direct electrochemical and electrocatalytic behavior of hemoglobin (Hb) immobilized on glass carbon electrode (GCE) containing gelatine (Gel) films was investigated. The characteristics of Hb/Gel film modified GC electrode were performed by using SEM microscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. The immobilized Hb showed a couple of quasi-reversible redox peak with a formal potential of −0.38 V (versus SCE) in 0.1 M pH 7.0 PBS. The formal potential changed linearly from pH 4.03 to 8.41 with a slope value of −52.0 mV pH⁻¹, which suggested that a proton transfer was accompanied with each electron transfer (ET) in the electrochemical reaction. The Hb/gelatine/GCE displayed a rapid amperometric response to the reduction of H₂O₂ and nitrite.