2-Imino 2<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-chromene and 2-(phenylimino) 2<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-chromene 3-aryl carboxamide derivatives as novel cytotoxic agents: synthesis,biological assay,and molecular docking study

The inhibition of AKR₁B₁₀ has been recognized as a potential therapeutic approach to the treatment of various types of cancers. A novel series of compounds with imino-2H-chromen and phenylimino-2H-chromen scaffolds were synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation reaction. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of synthesized compounds was evaluated against MOLT-4 and SK-OV-3 cells. Among the tested compounds, N-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(phenylimino)-2H-chromene-3-carboxamide (8g) demonstrated potent inhibitory activity against both examined cell lines. The results of the molecular docking study suggested that this compound is involved in critical hydrogen-bonding interactions with the Val301 and Lue302 of AKR₁B₁₀ catalytic site.     

Molecular Recognition Ability of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nano- and Micro-Particles by Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization

The role of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) is changing from academic to applied researches. Challenging problems about MIP will be more highlighted in applicable uses and solving these problems is vital. The controlled/“living” radical polymerization (CLRP) techniques are applicable to solve the challenging problems in MIPs. The “living” nature of CLRP helps to improve the heterogeneity of binding sites in MIPs as a main challenge where precise control over sizes, compositions, and surface functionalities is achieved. Among different techniques of CLRP, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) technique presents distinguished benefits such as compatibility and tolerance to a wide range of functional monomers and mild reaction conditions rather than other CLRP techniques. In this review, in order to obtain more insights into the potential benefits of RAFT polymerization in fabrication of nano and micro MIP networks, recent research in advanced MIP materials for different templates with improved morphology, efficiency, and binding capacities with respect to traditional free radical polymerization (FRP) will be discussed. MIPs prepared via RAFT method have advantages of MIPs as high performance molecular recognition devices and CLRP as controllable polymerization mechanism, simultaneously.     

A simple and high sensitive spectrophotometric method for ultra trace determination of ruthenium with its catalytic effect on the oxidation of pyronin B by periodate

A new simple, selective, high sensitive and rapid method has been developed for spectrophotometric determination of ultra trace amounts of ruthenium based on its catalytic effect on the oxidation of pyronin B by periodate at lambdamax=555 nm. The described method is able to quantify ruthenium in the range of 0.1-100 ng ml-1 (r=0.9973), with a detection limit (S/N=3) of 0.036 ng ml-1. Under optimum conditions, this procedure has been successfully applied to determine the trace levels of ruthenium in the environmental and biological samples. The precision, expressed as relative standard deviation of three measurements, is better than 2.44%.     

Voltammetric determination of hydroxylamine in water samples using a 1-benzyl-4-ferrocenyl-1H-[1,2,3]-triazole/carbon nanotube-modified glassy carbon electrode

A modified glassy carbon electrode has been constructed using a 1-benzyl-4-ferrocenyl-1H-[1,2,3]-triazole along with multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The electrochemical behaviour of modified electrode has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry. Electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrode was investigated for the oxidation of hydroxylamine in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered solution of pH 8. The modified electrode showed electrocatalytic response to the oxidation of hydroxylamine at the potential of 330 mV. The linear range and detection limit for the detection of hydroxylamine in the optimum condition were found to be 4.0?×?10^?7 to 6.75?×?10^?4 M and 28.0?±?1.0 nM, respectively. Finally, the method was employed for the determination of hydroxylamine in water samples.     

Anisotropic unstructured mesh adaption for flow simulations

Three new ideas for anisotropic adaption of unstructured triangular grids are presented, with particular emphasis on fluid flow computations. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A NEW OPTIMAL SHAPE DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR INVISCID AND VISCOUS TURBULENT FLOWS

A new approach for optimal shape design is introduced. The main ingredients are an unstructured CAD-free framework for geometry deformation and automatic differentiation (AD) in reverse mode. Transonic inviscid and viscous turbulent flows are investigated. Both two- and three- dimensional configurations are considered. These cases involve up to several thousand control parameters. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

5-Oxo-hexahydroquinoline: an attractive scaffold with diverse biological activities

Molecular Diversity - 5-Oxo-hexahydroquinoline (5-oxo-HHQ) represents a biologically attractive fused heterocyclic core. Various synthetic analogs of 5-oxo-HHQ have been synthesized and assessed...     

Constraining chameleon field driven warm inflation with Planck 2018 data

The European Physical Journal C - We study the Yukawa model with one scalar and one axial scalar fields, coupled to N copies of Dirac fermions, in curved spacetime background. The theory possesses...     

Effect of preparation variables on morphology and pure water permeation flux through asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes

In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared using the phase inversion method. Effects of CA and polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations in the casting solution and coagulation bath temperature (CBT) on morphology of the synthesized membranes were investigated. Based on L₉ orthogonal array of Taguchi experimental design 18 membranes were synthesized (with two replications) and pure water permeation flux through them were measured. It was found out that increasing PEG concentration in the casting solution and CBT, accelerate diffusional exchange rate of solvent 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and nonsolvent (water) and consequently facilitate formation of macrovoids in the membrane structure. Increasing CA concentration, however, slows down the demixing process. This prevents instantaneous growth of nucleuses in the membrane structure. Hence, a large number of small nucleuses are created and distributed throughout the polymer film and denser membranes are synthesized. Rate of water flux through the synthesized membranes is directly dependent on the size and number of macrovoids in the membrane structure. Thus, maximum value of flux is obtained at the highest levels of PEG concentration and CBT (10 wt.% and 23 °C, respectively) and the lowest level of CA concentration (13.5 wt.%). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that all parameters have significant effects on the response. However, CBT is the less influential factor than CA and PEG concentrations on the response (flux).