Preparation of Anion Exchange Membrane Based on Imidazolium Functionalized Poly(arylene ether ketone)

The authors presented a novel synthetic route for the imidazolium functionalized poly(arylene ether ketone)s, derived from an engineering plastics polymer, a poly(arylene ether ketone) with 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyl-4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl moiety(PAEK-TM). The preparation of anion exchange membranes comprised converting benzylic methyl groups to bromomethyl groups by a radical reaction, followed by the functionalization of bromomethylated PAEK with alkyl imidazoles, i.e., methyl, butyl or vinyl imidazole. The structure of imidazolium functionalized PAEK was proved by ¹H NMR spectra. A class of flexible and tough membranes was then achieved by subsequent film-forming and anion exchange processes. The water uptake and hydroxide conductivities of membranes are comparable or superior to those of quaternary ammonium(QA) anion exchange membranes. This work demonstrated a new route for non-QA anion exchange membrane design, avoiding the chloromethylation reagent and precisely controlling the degree and location of imidazolium groups.     

稀土Eu3+掺杂纳米TiO2-SiO2发光材料的制备和发光性质的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了稀土Eu3+掺杂于不同比例的纳米TiO2-SiO2复合体系,研究了基质中钛、硅摩尔配比对发光性能的影响.样品的FTIR谱图显示:纳米复合氧化物SiO2-TiO2之间发生了键合作用,形成了Ti-O-Si键;TEM显示样品的颗粒大小约为35 nm,是具有一定的单分散性的球形颗粒;XRD和SAED结果表明,样品退火至700℃后仍为单一的锐钛矿相,这说明微量硅的加入对二氧化钛的锐钛矿相有热稳定的作用.当微量的Si4+进入TiO2的晶格,取代部分Ti4+的位置时,形成了结构等电子陷阱.通过对样品的激发光谱、发射光谱分析,发现这种结构有利于将基质吸收的能量传递到发光中心,使Eu3+的465nm处7F0→5D2激发效率最高,成为最灵敏的激发线.     

溅射气压对碳硅氧薄膜透过率及光学带隙的影响

采用射频磁控溅射技术在玻璃基底和单晶硅片(100)上制备了碳硅氧(SiOC)薄膜,通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、X射线光电子能谱及紫外可见透射光谱等技术手段对其进行了分析,研究了在不同溅射气压下所制备薄膜的组分、透过率及光学带隙.结果表明:随着溅射气压的增大,薄膜内部sp3键含量、透过率及光学带隙均随之增大,sp3键及其形成的宽带隙σ键对薄膜光学带隙有着较大影响.在溅射气压为3.0 Pa的条件下,薄膜光学带隙为2.67 eV.     

First measurement of the rho spectral function in high-energy nuclear collisions

We report on a precision measurement of low-mass muon pairs in 158 AGeV indium-indium collisions at the CERN SPS. A significant excess of pairs is observed above the yield expected from neutral meson decays. The unprecedented sample size of 360,000 dimuons and the good mass resolution of about 2% allow us to isolate the excess by subtraction of the decay sources. The shape of the resulting mass spectrum is consistent with a dominant contribution from pi+pi- -->rho -->mu+mu- annihilation. The associated space-time averaged spectral function shows a strong broadening, but essentially no shift in mass. This may rule out theoretical models linking hadron masses directly to the chiral condensate.     

用于有机光导材料的三偶氮颜料的合成研究

以4,4′,4″ 三氨基三苯胺为母体,以含有4种不同取代基的萘酚AS为偶合组分合成了一系列三芳胺三偶氮类有机光导颜料.用元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱和X射线衍射光谱对结构进行了表征.研究结果表明,含硫杂环三偶氮类有机光导颜料在520-730nm之间都有较强吸收.     

一类非线性发展方程的AGE并行数值方法

给出一类非线性发展方程的AGE方法，并得到该方法的无条件稳定性，并行性兼顾的结果和计算实例。     

水对改性HZSM-5催化联苯甲基化反应的影响

以纳米(n(SiO₂)/n(Al₂O₃)=26) 分子筛为母体, 采用水热处理、水热处理结合酸洗等方法对其进行改性, 并以联苯(BP)与甲醇的烷基化为探针反应, 在固定床反应器上考察了反应体系中生成的水及通入的水对改性HZSM-5催化性能的影响, 并通过吡啶吸附傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、热重(TG)分析对改性前后样品的酸性及反应后样品积炭量进行了表征. 结果表明, 水热处理及水热处理结合酸洗都提高了催化剂的稳定性,酸洗后效果更好. 在改性的HZSM-5 催化联苯甲基化反应体系中, 不通水的条件下, 联苯的转化率随时间呈抛物线变化; 通水后, 联苯转化率30 h 内稳定在8.6%左右, 4-甲基联苯(4-MBP)的选择性增加至约60%; 通水条件下升高反应温度至500℃, 联苯的转化率在反应30 h后达最高点, 选择性稳定在58%左右. 水的存在不仅改善了催化剂的活性及稳定性, 还能提高对位选择性.     

Comb-shaped 2-Methylimidazolium Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Anion Exchange Membranes with High Alkaline Stability

A series of comb-shaped poly(arylene ether sulfone)s containing pendant 2-methyl-3-alkylimidazolitun group(ImPAES-Cx,x=1,6,10)was prepared and characterized as novel anion exchange membranes.These Im-PAES-Cx membranes were obtained by benzylic bromination and imidazolium functionalization.The characteristic nano-phase separation structure was formed in membranes with longer alkyl side chains,as confmned by small-angle X-ray scattering.The nano-phase separation structures endowed ImPAES-Cx membranes with improved ionic conductivity,dimensional stability(at least 60% decrease water uptake and swelling ratio at 60℃)and mechanical properties,together with excellent alkaline stability.Especially,ImPAES-C6 membranes possessed enhanced hydroxide conductivity and chemical stability simultaneously.These results suggest that it is a feasible strategy to introduce appropriate length of alkyl side chains into anion exchange membranes(AEMs)to improve the performance.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-可变波长检测法同时测定调味品中甜味剂和人工合成色素

建立了同时测定调味品中糖精钠和合成色素的固相萃取-高效液相色谱(SPE-HPLC)分析方法。样品经石油醚低温去除油脂,聚酰胺固相萃取柱净化和富集,然后进行HPLC分析。采用反相C₁₈色谱柱,以甲醇和0.02 mol/L醋酸铵为流动相进行梯度洗脱,使用可变波长分别在230、510、484和510 nm进行检测。实验结果表明:糖精钠与合成色素的分离效果良好,回收率为88.6%～97.1%,相对标准偏差小于5%;方法检出限均可达到0.05 mg/kg。该方法操作简单,结果准确可靠,重现性好,适用于大批量调味品中甜味剂和人工合成色素的同时检测。