HPLC-an Effective Method of DNA Fragment Determination

The role played by DNA in molecular biology is clearly recognized to be vital to life on this planet. 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2deoxyguanosine(=8-OHdG), is probably the most important product of "oxidative stress” in DNA. Its concentration in DNA is, in fact. a quantitative analysis of the degree of DNA damage that an organism has undergone. Due to the importance of 8-OHdG of nucleic acidg in mutagenesis, carcinogenesis and aging, numerous chemical and biological investigations have been made on this subject in the past time. Kuchino and co-workers have found that 8-OHdG residue in DNA is misreading during the process of DNA replication. Recently, some reports have been presented on high 8-OHdG levels in patients suffering from various diseases such as chronic hepatitis, Fanconi s anemia, diabetes mellitus and Helicobacter pylori infections. As a result, 8-OHdG is a useful marker for the study of DNA damage arising from reactive oxygen species and is of great significance for cancer research. The 8-OHdG levels in DNA can help understand the mechanism of carcinogens and lead to more effective treatments for many different types of cancer. For these reasons, an analysis of 8-OHdG with quickness, low cost and high accuracy is required.     

光谱法表征蛋白酶K的热变性过程

用不同温度处理蛋白酶K,以变性酪蛋白底物法测定酶活力,稳态/瞬态荧光光谱法和圆二色谱法测定空间构象和二级结构,研究温度对蛋白酶K酶活力和构象的影响。温度由25 ℃升高至65 ℃过程中,蛋白酶K的酶活力逐渐降低,半衰期缩短;发射光谱荧光强度降低,峰位由335 nm红移至354 nm;色氨酸残基同步荧光强度降低,酪氨酸残基同步荧光强度增大;色氨酸残基荧光寿命由4.427 1 ns降低至4.032 4 ns;α-螺旋百分含量降低。结果表明：采用稳态/瞬态荧光光谱法和圆二色谱法能较简便、准确的描述蛋白酶K的热稳定性变化;蛋白酶K的热变性过程符合三态模型,存在一个中间态;蛋白酶K分子内部存在酪氨酸残基对色氨酸残基的共振能量转移作用;α-螺旋是维系蛋白酶K活性中心构象稳定性的主要结构。     

ANNOYANCE AND SPECTRAL CONTRAST ARE CUES FOR SIMILARITY AND PREFERENCE OF SOUNDS

Previous research has suggested that perceived similarity is based on primarily cognitive processes, whereas preferences are based to a larger extent on affective processes. This was put to an empirical test utilizing 15 complex sounds as stimuli and 25 subjects for the assessments. Various versions of multidimensional scaling were used as a method of comparison. The results show that data analyses must take into account individual differences in similarity and non-preference. Contrary to the hypothesis expressed, both similarity and non-preference were found to be based mainly on affective responses because a major proportion of the explained variance originated from the perceived annoyance of sound. This was not true for perceived loudness or for the acoustic variables of Zwicker's loudness and Aures' sharpness. Spectral contrast calculated as the number of maxima in the normalized Zwicker's specific loudness spectra was found to be the best acoustic candidate for explaining at the individual level what properties of sound cause them to be perceived as similar or non-preferred.     

快拍模式甚长基线干涉观测的数据处理

本文发展了快拍(Snap-Shot)甚长基线干涉(VLBI)射电天文观测的成图技术,同时也讨论了由残缺uv数据所获得的射电源结构的可靠性。论述过程中,射电源3C48的全球VLBI网50cm波段处理结果被选为参考实例。     

Kähler流形上的Schwarz导数(Ⅱ)

证明了当目标流形是复投影空间CPⁿ和复超球Bⁿ(具有典则度量)时,Kahler流形的全纯映照的单射定理.至此,连同已经证明的关于复Euclid空间Cⁿ(具有平坦度量)的同样结果,对于全纯截曲率为一1,0,+1的目标流形建立了单射定理.     

高性能聚芳醚酮的合成与性能(Ⅰ)——对苯二酚、联苯二酚、4,4′,-二氟二苯酮三元共聚体系

聚醚醚酮(PEEK)具有突出的耐高温水解和耐辐照性能以及良好的断裂韧性,现已在核能、宇航等高技术领域得到应用。研制新型聚芳醚酮是目前十分活跃的课题。本文采用亲核取代路线,以对苯二酚、联苯二酚、4,4′-二氟二苯酮为单体合成了一系列含亚联苯结构的新型聚芳醚酮,并对基基本性能进行了测定。     

高效逆流色谱法制备苏木中的氧化巴西木素

氧化巴西木素是苏木的主要化学成分之一,具有广泛的药理活性且常作为染色剂应用于各行各业。采用传统柱色谱法进行分离,不仅会造成色谱柱材料的污染,也会造成活性成分的损失。故采用高效逆流色谱(HPCCC)对苏木中的活性化合物氧化巴西木素进行分离纯化。苏木乙醇提取物经乙酸乙酯萃取后直接进行高效逆流色谱分离。首先利用基于薄层色谱的常用溶剂体系估算法和摇瓶法结合高效逆流色谱分析模式进行溶剂体系筛选。结果表明,最佳溶剂体系为氯仿-甲醇-水(4∶3∶2, v/v/v)。高效逆流色谱以反相模式为洗脱模式,主机转速为1600 r/min,流速为10 mL/min,分离温度为25 ℃,检测波长为285 nm,在氯仿-甲醇-水(4∶3∶2, v/v/v)溶剂体系下,从500 mg苏木乙酸乙酯萃取物中一次性分离制备得到15.2 mg纯度为95.6%的氧化巴西木素及一微量成分caesappanin C。采用高效逆流色谱分离制备氧化巴西木素,可避免苏木中的活性成分氧化巴西木素对色谱柱中的固体填充材料染色和难以洗脱等问题,并缩短分离纯化工作时间,提高工作效率。故可将高效逆流色谱应用到苏木中其他色素化合物或其他染料植物的分离制备工艺研究中。     

超临界循环流化床锅炉进风系统数值模拟分析与比较

本文针对超临界循环流化床锅炉一次风风箱系统内部的空气流动特性,包括进气管、风箱内部及一次风通过布风板的流动特性,基于FLUENT计算平台结合多孔介质模型进行了数值模拟。针对三种不同进风结构,即底部进风、侧面进风和后侧进风模式进行了分析比较。为准确模拟布风板压降损失同时又减少计算量,利用多孔介质模型模拟一次风通过布风板的...     

Application of vegetable oils for electrocatalytic synthesis of hydrocarbons

Conditions of Kolbe cross-electrosynthesis of 10-undecylenic and acetic acids are studied on different catalyst anodes. It is shown that the key anodic process stages are the stages of formation of vinyl radicals from anions of unsaturated and methyl radicals under electrosynthesis of acetate anions. As dependent on the conditions of the process, the main product formed on the anode of the Pt-10% Ir alloy is either hydrocarbon CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)(CH₂)7CH₂CH₃ (58 wt %) being the product of addition of three methyl radicals to a vinyl radicals or olefin CH₂=CH(CH₂)₇CH₂CH₃ (57 wt %) being the product of dimerization of vinyl and methyl radicals.     

Thermochemical properties of gaseous and liquid polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, and dibenzofurans

The analysis and systematization of the known and calculation of the unknown thermochemical characteristics (the standard enthalpy of formation, the standard entropy, the heat capacity, etc.) of widespread hazardous isomers of gaseous and liquid compounds of polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, and polychlorinated dibenzofurans are carried out.