The effect of electrical boundary conditions on the characteristics of surface acoustic waves propagating in potassium niobate

The study of the effect of a perfectly conducting plane placed at a certain distance from the surface of a potassium niobate crystal on the characteristics of the generalized Rayleigh and Gulyaev-Bleustein surface waves is continued. In addition, the effect of an infinitely thin conducting layer applied to the surface of the piezoelectric on the characteristics of these waves is analyzed. It is found that a variation in the conductance of this layer can produce a result that completely differs from the result obtained when a perfectly conducting plane is moved toward the surface, although the extreme states of these actions (electrically open and short-circuited surfaces) are identical. A possible physical explanation of this difference is proposed.     

Testing underwater bottom-moored antenna arrays in the sea and in a man-made lake

Measurements of response, gain, and noise immunity are carried out for an underwater compensated additive receiving array with randomly spaced hydrophones that is moored at the bottom of a man-made lake with multimode sound propagation. The in-sea locating ability of a similar array is demonstrated with the sources of noiselike signals at frequencies of 5–100 Hz. A dedicated numerical processor is developed and tested for processing the signals received by a random underwater array.     

Thermoelectric effects in layered conductors in a strong magnetic field

Thermoelectric effects are investigated theoretically in layered conductors with a quasi-two-dimensional electron energy spectrum of arbitrary type in a strong magnetic field. It is shown that, at temperatures sufficiently low for quantization of the orbital motion of charge carriers in a magnetic field to be required, there exist giant quantum oscillations of the thermoelectric field. Thermoelectric emf is studied as a f unction of the orientation of the magnetic field with respect to the layers; experimental investigation of this function allows one to determine the velocity distribution of conduction electrons on the Fermi surface.     

On the transmission rate of classical information through quantum communication channels

The coding of quantum communication channels in real time is considered as applied to the situation when information is coded into continuous quantum degrees of freedom (into the shape of the amplitude of quantum states with an arbitrary number of photons). It is shown that the nonlocalizability of states in quantum field theory requires that the identity of particles should be taken into account. This, together with the finiteness of the limit speed of propagation, leads to the fact that the formulas for the transmission rate of nonrelativistic communication channels have an asymptotic character; i.e., these formulas are formally valid only when the separation between messages is infinite (when the identity of particles can be neglected) and, hence, when the transmission rate in [bit/message s] is infinitely small. A real-time information capacity of a sequential relativistic quantum communication channel is obtained that takes into account the identity of particles for pure signal states with an arbitrary number of photons. An explicit analytic expression is obtained for the transmission rate of a quantum channel of finite bandwidth for one-photon input states.     

The effect of the character of electron reflection on the electromagnetic properties of an inhomogeneous spherical particle

The magnetic absorption cross section of a small spherical particle with a dielectric core and a metallic shell is calculated. The general case is considered when the ratio of the radius of the dielectric core to the total radius of the particle may take arbitrary values. The condition of specular-diffuse reflection of conduction electrons from the surfaces of the metal layer of the particle is chosen as the boundary conditions of the problem. The limit cases are considered, and the results are discussed.     

Reactor as a source of antineutrinos: Thermal fission energy

Deeper insight into the features of a reactor as a source of antineutrinos is required for making further advances in studying the fundamental properties of the neutrino. The relationship between the thermal power of a reactor and the rate of the chain fission reaction in its core is analyzed.     

Model for describing the production of Centauro events and strangelets in heavy-ion collisions

A phenomenological model for describing the production of Centauro events in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is discussed. The model provides quantitative predictions for kinematical variables, for the baryon number, and for the masses of a Centauro fireball and of its decay products. A Centauro fireball decays predominantly into nucleons, strange hyperons, and possibly strangelets. Centauro events in Pb + Pb collisions at the LHC energy are simulated for the CASTOR detector. The signatures of these events are discussed in detail.