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991.
The kinetics of oxygen exchange are of primary importance for the application of titanates as fast resistive oxygen sensors.
The sensor’s conductivity is correlated with the oxygen partial pressure pO2 of the surrounding atmosphere: Due to oxygen surface transfer and subsequent diffusion of oxygen vacancies V
O
··
, a pO2 change gives rise to a conductivity change of the sample. While bulk diffusion usually occurs very fast, the surface transfer
reaction becomes the rate determining step for thin samples and for low temperatures. We have shown that in the case of acceptor
doped SrTiO3 the kinetics of the surface transfer reaction can be strongly influenced through stoichiometric changes brought about by
thin coatings of alkaline earth metal oxides (e.g. SrO). In contrast to the commonly used jump method (conductivity response
to a sudden pO2 change in the time domain), a model is presented which is based on the frequency-domain analysis of amplitude and phase shift
of the response signal obtained from a pO2 modulation in a fast kinetic measurement set-up. This method allows not only for measuring response times in the sub-millisecond
range but also for distinguishing between behaviour either controlled by volume diffusion or by surface transfer reaction.
Paper presented at the 9th EuroConference on Ionics, Ixia, Rhodes, Greece, Sept. 15 – 21, 2002. 相似文献
992.
I. Longo D. Cros N. Tosoratti 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2003,23(2):273-277
We present a numerical and experimental characterization of high-Q whispering gallery resonant modes excited in a fused quartz spherical shell operated in the 18-26.5 GHz band; easy coupling
and selection of modes is a most advantageous feature of the proposed structure with respect to ordinary bulk resonators.
The numerical results, based on a finite element algorithm, well match experimental data, which also show the capability of
our device to perform gaseous spectroscopy measurements.
Received 25 October 2002 Published online 4 February 2003 相似文献
993.
E. I. Ölmez D. Kut A. N. Bilge I. Ölmez 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2004,259(2):227-231
In ambient air, arsenic to selenium ratio (As/Se) is generally found to be less than 1, except in areas influenced by specific
point sources, such as Cu smelters. However, the annual average of this ratio is found to be much higher than unity in Turkey.
This finding is rather unique and may provide a marker for air masses influenced by the coal-related emissions in Turkey.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
994.
Crystal Structure of the Zinc Amide Zn[N(SiMe3)2]2 X‐ray quality crystals of Zn[N(SiMe3)2]2 (monoclinic, P21/c) are obtained by sublimation of the zinc amide Zn[N(SiMe3)2]2 at —30 °C in vacuo (300 torr). According to the result of the X‐ray structural analysis, Zn[N(SiMe3)2]2 contains an almost linear N‐Zn‐N unit with two short N‐Zn bonds. 相似文献
995.
996.
A. V. Alatortsev R. N. Kuz'min O. G. Provorova N. P. Savenkova 《Computational Mathematics and Modeling》2004,15(4):350-364
We model the electrolysis of aluminum in specific electrolysis baths. A model of the physical process is proposed, allowing for the specific bath design, including the state of the bottom surface. The mathematical model utilizes the information capabilities of the Navier–Stokes equations written for the metal and the electrolyte media. The multidimensional system of equations enables us to consider the magnetohydrodynamic processes in two media and the interaction of the media. The problem is solved numerically. The calculations simulate the interface dynamics and the distribution of velocities and currents in the middle layer in both media. The numerical results are compared with physical experiments. 相似文献
997.
Algorithm for Optimal Triangulations in Scattered Data Representation and Implementation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Scattered data collected at sample points may be used to determine simple functions to best fit the data. An ideal choice for these simple functions is bivariate splines. Triangulation of the sample points creates partitions over which the bivariate splines may be defined. But the optimality of the approximation is dependent on the choice of triangulation. An algorithm, referred to as an Edge Swapping Algorithm, has been developed to transform an arbitrary triangulation of the sample points into an optimal triangulation for representation of the scattered data. A Matlab package has been completed that implements this algorithm for any triangulation on a given set of sample points. 相似文献
998.
Surzhikov A. P. Ghyngazov S. A. Lysenko E. N. Frangulyan T. S. 《Russian Physics Journal》2003,46(9):939-943
It is shown that activation of the process of oxygen diffusion in polycrystalline lithium-titanium ferrites heated by a beam of high-energy electrons in the range of temperatures 873–1173 K occurs due to two factors: gas medium ionization by an e-beam and acceleration of diffusion processes directly in the matrix in the irradiation field. 相似文献
999.
G. Kocher-Oberlehner W. Jantsch L. Palmetshofer A. Ulyashin 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2003,16(3-4):347
Erbium (Er)- and oxygen (O)-doped Cz–Si was additionally doped with hydrogen, using plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra show a large enhancement especially for samples treated with solid phase epitaxy before hydrogenation and annealing at 900°C later. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurements give evidence for an enhanced diffusion of O and Er at this temperature towards the surface. Etching shows that the PL does not stem from the heavily doped surface layer but from a deeper region with lower Er concentration. This conclusion is supported by the appearance of the so-called “cubic” centre with low solubility. Comparing the PL yield of the hydrogenated samples to that of samples with similar Er volume concentration but without hydrogenation still gives a large enhancement. We thus conclude that hydrogen can enhance the solubility of the cubic centre in Si:Er,O. 相似文献
1000.
Surface free energy of a solid surface gives a direct measure of intermolecular interactions at interfaces and has a strong influence on adsorption and adhesion behaviour. However few data are available for the surface free energies of electroless Ni–P based composition coatings. In this paper, the electroless Ni–P, Ni–P-surfactant, Ni–Cu–P, Ni–P–PTFE and Ni–Cu–P–PTFE composite coatings were prepared under various coating conditions. The chemical compositions, surface morphology and thickness of the coatings were measured using an energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a digital micrometer respectively. The contact angles of water, diiodomethane and ethylene glycol on the coatings were measured automatically using dataphysics OCA-20 contact angle analyser. The surface free energy of the coatings and their components (e.g. dispersion, polar or acid/base portions) were calculated using various methods. The experimental results showed that the incorporation of surfactant or PTFE particles into Ni–P matrixes has a significant influence on the surface free energy of the coatings, while the incorporation of copper into Ni–P matrixes has no significant influence on the surface free energy of the coatings. 相似文献