Summary Atomic fluorescence (AFS), absorption (AAS) and emission (AES) systems were evaluated for the determination of inorganic mercury. Identical vapour generation and amalgamation procedures were used to permit direct comparison of the performance of a commercial long-path AAS instrument to laboratory constructed non-dispersive AFS as well as He-MIP based AES instruments. Instrumental noise-limited detection limits (LOD) were 0.94, 2.4, 2.8 pg for AAS, AES and AFS techniques, respectively. Methodological LOD's were found to be blank controlled and similar for all three instruments, viz. 9, 25 and 16 pg for AAS, AFS and AES, respectively. All three systems produced accurate results at the low ng/l concentration, as verified by the analysis of a certified river water reference material (NRCC ORMS-1). 相似文献
A modified expansion-shock tube for nucleation and condensation studies in a supersaturated vapour is described. An analysis is made of the gas-dynamical properties of the new tube configuration and numerical simulations with the Random Choice Method are compared with experiments. It is shown that with the modified configuration one single nucleation pulse can be realized. 相似文献
Summary Six commercial hydrogen standards containing helium, oxygen, nitrogen, methane and carbon dioxide at trace levels were analyzed
by gas chromatography, for periods up to 105 days. The concentrations, in the range of 0–120 μmol mol−1, were stable (with the exception of oxygen) but often significantly different from the certified values provided by the suppliers,
especially for helium, oxygen and nitrogen. Concurrently, some experiments were carried out to verify the stability of gas
mixtures based on hydrogen stored in cylinders submitted to different chemical and physical treatments. The causes that led
to the deviations observed, as well as the decreases in oxygen, are discussed.
Presented at the 21st ISC held in Stuttgart, Germany, 15th–20th September, 1996. 相似文献
The total thickness and composition of a residual oxide layer after chemical etching of p-GaAs:Zn + In has been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The variation of the Ga to As oxides ratio along the depth has been determined. A concentration correlation of doping isovalent impurity and the dislocation density with the composition of residual oxides is looked for. The total thickness of the residual oxide layer on p- and semi-insulating GaAs is about 5–6 Å. It is found that the Ga2O3 quantity in the oxide bulk is greater than the same value of As2O3 in highly In-doped samples. In-doping in concentrations over 1.5 × 1019 cm−3 increases the Ga2O3 content and the density of the residual oxide. This influence is determined by reducing the dislocation density and changing the point defect environment. The presence of As-rich precipitates on the dislocations and in the matrix decreases the sputtering time and changes the composition of the residual oxide. The correlation between the type of high temperature dislocations revealed by Abrahams-Buiocchi (AB) etching and the oxide layer composition is shown. The results obtained could be used in the first stages of epitaxial growth, metallization and other technological processes of semiconductor device and ICs fabrication. 相似文献
Volumetric gas-liquid mass transfer coefficients were measured in suspensions of cellulose fibers with concentrations ranging from 0 to 20 g/L. The mass transfer coefficients were measured using the dynamic method. Results are presented for three different combinations of impellers at a variety of gassing rates and agitation speeds. Rheological properties of the cellulose fibers were also measured using the impeller viscometer method. Tests were conducted in a 20 L stirred-tank fermentor and in 65 L tank with a height to diameter ratio of 3:1. Power consumption was measured in both vessels. At low agitation rates, two Rushton turbines gave 20% better performance than the Rushton and hydrofoil combination and 40% better performance than the Rushton and propeller combination for oxygen transfer. At higher agitation rates, the Rushton and hydrofoil combination gave 14 and 25% better performance for oxygen transfer than two Rushton turbines and the Rushton and hydrofoil combination, respectively.
The excitation spectrum in an [Fe/Cr]n multilayer structure with non-collinear magnetic ordering was studied by the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) method in the
frequency interval 9.5–37 GHz at room temperature. Besides an acoustic branch, several additional modes were observed under
parallel excitation of resonance. The FMR spectrum was calculated analytically in a biquadratic exchange model, neglecting
in-plane anisotropy, for an infinite number of layers in the structure and numerically for a finite number of layers contained
in real samples. It was shown that the observed modes correspond to excitation of standing spin waves with wave vectors perpendicular
to the film plane.
Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 67, No. 9, 690–695 (10 May 1998) 相似文献
Experiments on Raman scattering in the “forward” geometry, permitting observation of anisotropy of the optical phonons, are
performed on specially prepared short-period GaAs/AlAs superlattice structures with the substrates removed and the surfaces
covered with an antireflective layer. The experimental data agree well with the computational results obtained for the angular
dispersion of optical phonons in superlattices on the basis of a modified continuum model.
Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 68, No. 1, 50–55 (10 July 1998) 相似文献
The minimal global B-attractor for a system of equations describing two-dimensional flows of Oldroyd fluids is considered.
An asymptotic estimate for the Hausdorff dimension of the attractor is obtained for small values of the viscosity. Bibliography:
11 titles.
Translated fromZapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI Vol. 226, 1996, pp. 109–119. 相似文献
A new scheme is presented for the physical processes leading to the nuclear fusion reaction d(3He, 4He)p catalyzed by a negatively charged muon μ−. It is shown that the observable rate and yield of the nuclear reaction depend on a chain of ion-molecular reactions involving
the participation of the dμ 3He molecule. New calculations of the nuclear fusion rates in the dμ3He molecule are presented.
Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 67, No. 2, 89–94 (25 January 1998)
Published in English in the original Russian journal. Edited by Steve Torstveit. 相似文献