Concise total syntheses of the bioactive mesotricyclic diterpenoids jatrophatrione and citlalitrione

The highly functionalized [5.9.5] tricyclic framework resident in jatrophatrione (1) and citlalitrione (2) has been synthesized. The route begins with the tandem anionic oxy-Cope rearrangement/methylation/transannular ene cyclization of 21 and subsequent introduction of a conjugated enone double bond. Hydroxyl-directed 1,4-reduction of this functionality in 25 with LiAlH(4)/CuI/hexamethylphosphoramide/tetrahydrofuran sets the stage for the implementation of a Grob fragmentation and expedited generation of 27. Stereocontrolled intramolecular hydrosilylation allows for the subsequent introduction of a cyclic carbonate as in 53. This intermediate undergoes remarkably efficient, fully regiocontrolled Treibs reaction to generate 54, with this maneuver serving as a pivotal step for making 1 available five steps later. Treatment of 1 with m-chloroperbenzoic acid leads to 2, with attack occurring preferentially on a alpha-face of the double bond more remote to the carbonyl.     

ER-BOC calculations of crystal bulk properties from smallest-cluster models

Ab initio calculation of bulk properties of crystals with a high accuracy, which is a long-time goal of solid chemistry and physics, is still difficult and expensive because a large cluster is required as a crystal structure model. This article proposes a model based on density functional theory (DFT) quantum chemistry calculations and the assumption that the bond order of a given atom with its nearest atoms in a compound is conserved over the entire range from its diatomic molecules to clusters and further to crystals. This entire range bond order conservation (ER-BOC) provides an effective way to correlate bulk properties of crystals with those of the corresponding molecules and small clusters. By combining this ER-BOC principle with hybrid DFT quantum chemistry calculations, accurate predictions of the bulk bond lengths of a crystal can be made using calculations on small clusters.     

Influences of the Hydrophobicity of the Heme-binding Pocket on the Properties and Functions of Cytochrome b_5 Mutants

IntroductionElectrontransferreactionsarethekeystepsinphoto synthesis ,respirationandmanyotherbiochemicalprocess es.1Cytochromeb5isaredoxproteinexistingwidelyinnature ,whichactsasanelectron carrierduringvariouselectrontransferprocessesinthebiologicalsystem .2Cytochromeb5isamembraneproteinwithmolecularweightofapproximately 16kDa ,ofwhichthehydrophobicC terminaldomainanchorscytochromeb5tothemem brane ,andthehydrophilicN terminaldomaincontainshemeprostheticgroupandexhibitsthebiologicalfunctionsof…     

The Chemistry of Tetrafluoroallene： One－pot Synthesis of Trifluoromethylindolizines from 1,3－Diiodo－1,1,3,3－tetrafluoropropane by 1,3－Dipolar Cycloaddition

Heating a mixture of 1, 3-diiodo-1, 1, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropane (2), K2CO3, pyridinium bromides (3) in CH3CN at 65℃ for 10 h gives the corresponding trifluoromethylindolizines.     

合成甲醇的催化剂Rh-ZnO/MWNTs的研究

研究新型的由多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)负载的， ZnO助催的铑基甲醇合成催化剂. 当铑含量达到4％(w)时，催化剂具有较高的比表面积(99.6 m2•g－1), 催化剂的反应活化能为68.8 kJ•mol－1.在563 K, 1 MPa下，催化剂的最高催化活性和甲醇选择性分别为411.4 mg/gcat.•h和96.7％. TEM、TPR和TPD等表征结果显示，碳纳米管能增加Rh在催化剂表面的分散度，提高催化剂的还原温度并能增加氢物种的吸附量，这些结果将有助于更好地了解催化剂中各组分间的协同作用和催化活性中心本质.     

沉淀单点滴定法与双点滴定法研究

导出了沉淀单点滴定法与双点滴定法计算式。以银电极为指示电极 ,Ag 标准溶液为滴定剂 ,对Cl-、Br-、I-及SCN-等离子的测定进行了研究 ;对影响测定结果准确度的因素进行了讨论。实验发现 ,在α =1 .0～ 1 .1的条件下 ,单点滴定法有较高的准确度 ;在α1 ≈ 1 .0～ 1 .1、ΔV =0 .5～ 1 .0mL的条件下 ,双点滴定法有较高的准确度     

微柱高效液相色谱法测定大鼠脑微透析液中 的乙酰胆碱和胆碱

用所建立的微柱高效液相色谱分离、柱后固定化酶反应器酶解、电化学检测器检测的方法, 对用不同浓度异氟醚麻醉前后的大鼠脑微透析液中的乙酰胆碱和胆碱的浓度进行了测定。在 乙酰胆碱和胆碱的浓度为10～ 2 000 nmol/L 时,其浓度分别与各自相应峰高的线性 关系良好,两者的检测限(以信噪比为3计)均可达5 nmol/L 。微透析液中乙酰胆碱和胆碱的含量在大鼠清醒时最高,随着异氟醚吸入浓度的增加,乙酰胆碱和胆碱含量明显降低。在大鼠海马和脑皮层中乙酰胆碱浓度的降低与大鼠吸入异氟醚的浓度相关( P ＜     

均匀设计在蚕蛹虫草和冬虫夏草活性成分分析中的应用

采用均匀实验设计方法快速找到蚕蛹虫草活性成分的高效液相色谱最优分离条件;将该优化条件用于蚕蛹虫草和冬虫夏草的水溶性成分的分离取得满意结果,并对部分组分进行了定性定量分析;均匀实验设计方法可较快找到复杂未知或半未知体系的色谱分离条件。     

多糖类手性固定相在色谱中的应用

手性色谱技术是最重要的手性分离方法之一,它不仅可以快速地分析对映体纯度,也可以用于大量制备光学异构体。设计和发展高效的固定相是手性色谱技术的核心。在诸多的手性固定相中,多糖类手性固定相因品种繁多、耐用而被广泛应用。本文综述了多糖类手性固定相在高效液相色谱、模拟移动床色谱、超临界流体色谱及膜分离中的应用。共引用文献52篇。     

微波辅助萃取-固相微萃取联用气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中的扑草净

研究了微波辅助萃取-固相微萃取联用、气相色谱-质谱联用测定土壤中除草剂扑草净的分析方法。采用正交设计实验优化了萃取溶剂种类和体积、微波辐射时间和微波功率等微波辅助萃取条件;研究了SPME萃取涂层、搅拌速度、萃取时间和解吸时间等对萃取效率的影响。方法的检出限为0．01ng／g;线性范围为0．2—200μg／L。在优化的条件下测定了5和50ng/g的合成土壤样品,回收率分别为90．1％和91.6％;相对标准偏差分别为9．4％和8．8％(n=6)。本法综合了微波辅助萃取和固相微萃取的优点,操作简便．灵敏度高,特别适合于固体样品中痕量有机物的萃取分离。