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91.
A method is described for separation of traces of Bi, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, In, Ni. Pb, Tl, and Zn from pure manganese and manganese compounds and their determination by flame a.a.s. After the metal or manganese dioxide samples have been dissolved in acid (and manganese salts in water) the trace elements are compleed with potassium xanthogenate. The solution is then filtered through a small filter paper covered with activated carbon, whereby complex compounds are separated from the matrix. When the charcoal is treated with acid, a trace concentrate is obtained which is nearly free of manganese. The detection limits for the analysis of 10-g samples of manganese metal are <0.5 p.p.m., and for 30-g samples of MnCl2-4H2O are ? 0.1 p.p.m. The relative standard deviation, in general,is lower than 5%. 相似文献
92.
A catalytic system, Pd(OAc)2 (10 mol %)-P(n-Bu)3 (20 mol %)-Et3B (360 mol %), promotes allylic alcohols to undergo the allylation of anisidine-imines of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes and furnishes homoallylamines in good to moderate yields. The reaction shows unique stereoselectivity, giving anti-isomers selectively. [reaction: see text] 相似文献
93.
Aki H. Niiya T. Iwase Y. Goto M. Kimura T. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2004,77(2):423-435
The formation of inclusion complexes between amoxicillin (AMPC) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) was investigated
by isothermal microcalorimetry and molecular dynamics simulation to evaluate the inhibitory effects on the degradation of
AMPC in aqueous solutions at various pH. The process depended significantly on the ionic species of AMPC in the solution.
In a strong acid solution, cationic AMPC and HPCD formed two different types of inclusion complexes with a 1:1 stoichiometry:
the first-type had a high association constant K
1 of 4.0-8.0·103 M-1 and included the penam ring of AMPC in the HPCD cavity (Mode I), while the second-type with a K
2 of 1.0·103 M-1 contained the phenyl group of AMPC (Mode II). Furthermore, a complex with a 1:2 (AMPC:HPCD) stoichiometry was realized in
a two-step reaction and was characterized by a smaller K
1:2of 4.0·102 M-1 and larger negative enthalpy and entropy changes than the complexes with a 1:1 stoichiometry. Since the β-lactam ring of
AMPC could be protected by inclusion with HPCD in the 1:2 complex and Mode I of 1:1 complexes, the degradation of AMPC in
the presence of HPCD was approximately four times slower than in its absence at pH 1.2 and 37°C. In weak acid and neutral
solutions, zwitterionic AMPC and HPCD formed only one type of inclusion complex with a 1:1 stoichiometry, where the phenyl
group was included (Mode II). AMPC was very stable in these solutions (t
1/2=226 h at pH=6.0) and there is little significant difference in the degradation rate between complexed AMPC and uncomplexed
AMPC. Thus, the results indicated that the inclusion complex of AMPC with HPCD, effectively increasing the stability of AMPC
in a strong acidic solution like that the stomach, would be useful for eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection and as a drug delivery system.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
94.
Toshikazu Kimura 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》1991,42(7):595-603
This paper deals with refining Cosmetatos's approximation for the mean waiting time in an M/D/s queue. Although his approximation performs quite well in heavy traffic, it overestimates the true value when the number of servers is large or the traffic is light. We first focus on a normalized quantity that is a ratio of the mean waiting times for the M/D/s and M/M/s queues. Using some asymptotic properties of the quantity, we modify Cosmetatos's approximation to obtain better accuracy both for large s and in light traffic. To see the quality of our approximation, we compare it with the exact value and some previous approximations. Extensive numerical tests indicate that the relative percentage error is less than 1% for almost all cases with s ≤ 20 and at most 5% for other cases. 相似文献
95.
Toshikazu Kimura 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》1991,42(11):959-970
We provide two distribution-dependent approximations for the mean waiting time in a GI/G/s queue. Both approximations are weighted combinations of the exact mean waiting times for the GI/M/s and M/D/s queues each of which has the same mean service time and traffic intensity as in the approximating GI/G/s queue. The weights in the approximations are expressed by the service-time c.d.f. and the first two moments of interarrival and service times. To examine the performance of our approximations, they are numerically compared with exact solutions and previous two-moment approximations for various cases. Extensive numerical comparisons indicate that the relative percentage errors of the approximations are of the order of 5% in moderate traffic and 1% in heavy traffic, except for extreme cases. 相似文献
96.
The Bose-Einstein condensation of free relativistic particles [=(M
2
c
4
+c
2
p
2
)
1/2
–Mc
2
] is studied rigorously. For massless bosons (=cp), the condensation transition of third (second) order occurs in2 (3) dimensions (D). The molar heat capacity follows the T
2
(T
3
) law below the condensation temperature Tc [k
B
Tc=(2
2
c
2
n/1.645)
1/2
[(
2
3
c
3
n/1.202)
1/3
], reaches4.38 (10.8) R at T=Tc, and approaches the high-temperature-limit value2 (3) R with no jump (a jump equal to6.75R) in2 (3)D. For finite-mass (M) bosons, the phase transition occurs only in3D with the condensation temperature Tc always smaller than that of the corresponding nonrelativistic bosons [=(2M)
–1
p
2
]. If the mass M is reduced to zero, the condensation temperature Tc grows monotonically and reaches eventually that of massless relativistic bosons. This mass-dependence of Tc is therefore distinct from the case of nonrelativistic bosons, where Tc grows to infinity as M 0. A brief discussion is given for a possible connection with the normal-to-super transition of the independently moving Cooper pairs (bosons). 相似文献
97.
98.
99.
100.
A new class of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-intercalating antitumor agents, novel 9-anilino-2,3-ethylenedioxyacridines (five compounds) have been synthesized and evaluated for activity against P388 leukemia in vivo. A few of them possessed the same potency of antitumor activity as amsacrine (m-AMSA) which is an important antitumor agent in clinical use. 相似文献