Spin versus helicity: Processes involving transversity

We construct the spin formalism in order to deal naturally with processes involving transversity which are now of increasing popularity. The helicity formalism which is more appropriate for collision processes of definite helicity has been so far used to also manage processes with transversity, but at the price of computing numerous helicity amplitudes which generally involve unnecessary kinematical variables.     

Finite elastic deformations of transversely isotropic circular cylindrical tubes

We consider the finite radially symmetric deformation of a circular cylindrical tube of a homogeneous transversely isotropic elastic material subject to axial stretch, radial deformation and torsion, supported by axial load, internal pressure and end moment. Two different directions of transverse isotropy are considered: the radial direction and an arbitrary direction in planes normal locally to the radial direction, the only directions for which the considered deformation is admissible in general. In the absence of body forces, formulas are obtained for the internal pressure, and the resultant axial load and torsional moment on the ends of the tube in respect of a general strain-energy function. For a specific material model of transversely isotropic elasticity, and material and geometrical parameters, numerical results are used to illustrate the dependence of the pressure, (reduced) axial load and moment on the radial stretch and a measure of the torsional deformation for a fixed value of the axial stretch.     

Mapping of muscle deformation during heating: in situ dynamic MRI and nonlinear registration

We present developments in dynamic magnetic resonance imaging that allow internal structural muscle markers to be followed during heating. This monitoring is based on quantitative characterization of the experimental conditions and their temperature time course. A nonlinear image registration technique was optimized and applied to consecutively acquired images to measure the deformation fields in the muscle. A model coupling local deformation and temperature was obtained, which for the first time takes into account the variations of deformation and temperature in the sample. This modeling opens the way to a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for mass loss and degradation of the textural properties of muscle during heating.     

A novel fuzzy C-means algorithm to generate diverse and desirable cluster solutions used by genetic-based clustering ensemble algorithms

One of the most significant discussions in the field of machine learning today is on the clustering ensemble. The clustering ensemble combines multiple partitions generated by different clustering algorithms into a single clustering solution. Genetic algorithms are known for their high ability to solve optimization problems, especially the problem of the clustering ensemble. To date, despite the major contributions to find consensus cluster partitions with application of genetic algorithms, there has been little discussion on population initialization through generative mechanisms in genetic-based clustering ensemble algorithms as well as the production of cluster partitions with favorable fitness values in first phase clustering ensembles. In this paper, a threshold fuzzy C-means algorithm, named TFCM, is proposed to solve the problem of diversity of clustering, one of the most common problems in clustering ensembles. Moreover, TFCM is able to increase the fitness of cluster partitions, such that it improves performance of genetic-based clustering ensemble algorithms. The fitness average of cluster partitions generated by TFCM are evaluated by three different objective functions and compared against other clustering algorithms. In this paper, a simple genetic-based clustering ensemble algorithm, named SGCE, is proposed, in which cluster partitions generated by the TFCM and other clustering algorithms are used as the initial population used by the SGCE. The performance of the SGCE is evaluated and compared based on the different initial populations used. The experimental results based on eleven real world datasets demonstrate that TFCM improves the fitness of cluster partitions and that the performance of the SGCE is enhanced using initial populations generated by the TFCM.     

Finite dynamic deformations of a hyperelastic,anisotropic, incompressible and prestressed tube. Applications to in vivo arteries

In this paper, we study the mechanical behavior of a prestressed tube subjected to finite dynamic deformations. The tube is assumed to be made of a hyperelastic, anisotropic and incompressible material. The analysis is carried out by using a Mooney–Rivlin stored energy function augmented with fiber reinforcements in four unidimensional orientations. A semi-analytical solution is proposed to study the radial dynamic mechanical response of an artery by using in vivo data. The optimal model parameters describing the mechanical characteristics of arterial wall microconstituents are obtained by minimizing the difference between computed and measured inner pressures over the cardiac cycle using a nonlinear regression. Theoretical and experimental results on rat carotid elastic arteries are compared in order to assess the validity of the approach by estimating differences of the model parameters and wall stresses with aging.     

A ruthenium(II) complex with p‐cymene and (S)‐2‐(anilinomethyl)pyrrolidine

The title compound, [(S)‐2‐(anilino­methyl)­pyrrolidine‐N,N′]‐chloro(η⁶‐para‐cymene)­ruthenium(II) chloride, [RuCl‐(C₁₀H₁₄)(C₁₁H₁₆N₂)]Cl, has been synthesized by the reaction of [RuCl₂(p‐cymene)]₂ (p‐cymene is para‐iso­propyl­toluene) with (S)‐2‐(anilinomethyl)­pyrrolidine in triethyl­amine/2‐propanol. The Ru atom is in a pseudo‐tetrahedral environment coordinated by a chloride ligand, the aromatic hydro­carbon is linked in a η⁶ manner and the amine is linked via its two N atoms. The chloride anion is involved in hydrogen bonding with the di­amine moieties through N—H?Cl interactions, with N?Cl distances of 3.273 (4) and 3.352 (4) Å.     

Linear recurrence relations in the algebra of matrices and applications

We study here some linear recurrence relations in the algebra of square matrices. With the aid of the Cayley–Hamilton Theorem, we derive some explicit formulas for Aⁿ (nr) and e^tA for every r×r matrix A, in terms of the coefficients of its characteristic polynomial and matrices A^j, where 0jr−1.     

Energetic Bio-Activation of Some Organic Molecules and Their Antioxidant Activity in the Pulp of the Moroccan Argan Tree «Argania spinosa L.»

Argania spinosa L. Skeels is an emblematic tree in Morocco, known worldwide for its medicinal and nutritional value. Its fruits contain kernels used to prepare an edible oil, the leaves are used to feed livestock, and its wood is used as fuel. If the oil acquires high importance, the other components of the fruit of the argan are undervalued. Our objective is to invest the waste of the argan industry. Particularly, our study aimed to assess the effect of thermal activation of argan pulp on its therapeutic value, its phenolic profile and its functional and physicochemical properties. After heat treatment, the HPLC analysis for the average total phenolic content varied from 2% to 37%, depending on temperature. The antioxidant activity was increased with heat treatment. Higher values of antioxidant activity, polyphenol and pigment content were recorded at 70 °C. Functional properties analysis indicated that water solubility index and water absorption capacity were significantly affected by heat stress. Physicochemical analysis showed that moisture content, titratable acidity and soluble solids were affected.     

Solutions globales d'un problème de Cauchy linéaire

On résoud le problème de Cauchy pour des opérateurs aux dérivées partielles à coefficients polynomiaux par rapport aux variables d'espace dans des classes de Gevrey projectives. Nos résultats sont des versions globales du théorème de Cauchy-Kowalewski et du théorème de Nagumo.