Synthesis, characterization and fluorescent property evaluation of 1,3,5-triaryl-2-pyrazolines

A series of 1,3,5-triaryl-2-pyrazolines was synthesized by dissolving the corresponding 4-alkoxychalcones in glacial acetic acid containing a few drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid. This step was followed by the addition of (3,4-dimethylphenyl) hydrazaine hydrochloride. Finally the target compounds were precipitated by pouring the reaction mixture onto crushed ice. The structures of the synthesized compounds were established by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. The 1,3,5-triaryl-2-pyrazolines bearing homologous alkoxy groups were found to possess fluorescence properties in the blue region of the visible spectrum when irradiated with ultraviolet radiation. The fluorescent behavior of these compounds was studied by UV-Vis and emission spectroscopy, performed at room temperature.     

Tin(II) aminoalkoxides and heterobimetallic derivatives: the structures of Sn6(O)4(dmae)4, Sn6(O)4(OEt)4 and [Sn(dmae)2Cd(acac)2]2

Tin(II) methoxide reacts with N,N′‐dimethylaminoethanol (dmaeH) to yield Sn(dmae)₂ ( 1 ) along with small amounts of the hydrolysis product Sn₆(O)₄(dmae)₄ ( 2 ). The geometrically more regular iso‐structural cage Sn₆(O)₄(OEt)₄ ( 3 ) was obtained as the only tractable product isolated from reaction of 2 and Sb(OEt)₃, while 1 reacted with CdX₂ (X = acac, I) to afford Sn(dmae)₂Cd(acac)₂ ( 4 ) and Sn(dmae)₂CdI₂ ( 5 ). The X‐ray structures of 2, 3 and 4 are reported. Decomposition of 4 under aerosol‐assisted chemical vapour deposition conditions leads to amorphous tin oxide films with no detectable cadmium (i.e. ca < 2% cadmium), rather than a stoichiometric Sn:Cd oxide. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Poly (vinyl chloride) decomposition in solution

Thermal degradation of PVC in various solvents at 180° has been observed to be in the following order: benzonitrite > nitrobenzene > cyclohexanone > dioctyl phthalate > α-bromonaphthalane > decahydronaphthalene. The effect has been explained on the basis of β-eliminations of E₁-type favoured by polar solvents. An inhibition in PVC degradation has been observed in nitrobenzene containing stationary hydrogen chloride gas. The deceleration in degradation by predissolved HCl has been accounted for as a Mass Law effect.     

非线性Schrōdinger方程和非线性Klein-Gordon方程耦合组Cauchy问题整体经典解的存在唯一性

本文讨论非线性Schrōdinger方程和非线性Klein-Gordon方程耦合组的Cauchy问题,对初值和空间维数以及非线性项加以适当限制,在Sobolev空间框架下,得到了整体经典解的存在唯一性。     

Thiourea Derivatives,Simple in Structure but Efficient Enzyme Inhibitors and Mercury Sensors

In this study six unsymmetrical thiourea derivatives, 1-isobutyl-3-cyclohexylthiourea (1), 1-tert-butyl-3-cyclohexylthiourea (2), 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-cyclohexylthiourea (3), 1-(1,1-dibutyl)-3-phenylthiourea (4), 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-phenylthiourea (5) and 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-phenylthiourea (6) were obtained in the laboratory under aerobic conditions. Compounds 3 and 4 are crystalline and their structure was determined for their single crystal. Compounds 3 is monoclinic system with space group P2₁/n while compound 4 is trigonal, space group R³:H. Compounds (1–6) were tested for their anti-cholinesterase activity against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (hereafter abbreviated as, AChE and BChE, respectively). Potentials (all compounds) as sensing probes for determination of deadly toxic metal (mercury) using spectrofluorimetric technique were also investigated. Compound 3 exhibited better enzyme inhibition IC₅₀ values of 50, and 60 µg/mL against AChE and BChE with docking score of −10.01, and −8.04 kJ/mol, respectively. The compound also showed moderate sensitivity during fluorescence studies.     

In vitro anti‐proliferative and in silico docking studies of heteroleptic copper(II) complexes of pyridazine‐based ligands and ciprofloxacin

Three heteroleptic copper(II) complexes of the type [Cu(L^1–3)(cf)(ClO₄)] ( 1 – 3 ), where cf = ciprofloxacin, have been synthesized using pyridazine‐based ligands 3‐chloro‐6‐(salicylidenehydrazinyl)pyridazine (HL¹), 3‐chloro‐6‐(4‐diethylaminosalicylidenehydrazinyl)pyridazine (HL²) and 3‐chloro‐6‐(5‐bromosalicylidenehydrazinyl)pyridazine (HL³). Electronic spectral data and magnetic moment values suggest octahedral geometry for the synthesized copper(II) complexes. Electrochemical data of the copper(II) complexes present an irreversible one‐electron reduction wave in the cathodic potential region (E_pc) between ?0.631 and ?0.670 V. Frontier molecular orbital calculations were carried out, and the obtained low‐energy gap supports the bio‐efficacy of the complexes. All the complexes were screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity activity against three human cancerous (breast adenocarcinoma (MCF‐7), hepatoma (HepG‐2) and cervical (HeLa)) and one non‐cancerous (non‐tumorigenic human dermal fibroblast (NHDF)) cell lines using MTT assay, in which complex 2 exhibited higher activity. The apoptosis induction by the complexes was analysed using the Hoechst dye staining method with MCF‐7 cell line, which indicates higher apoptotic activity of complex 2 . A molecular docking study was carried out to ascertain the binding affinity of the synthesized heteroleptic copper(II) complexes with phosphoinositide 3‐kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) receptor.     

In vitro evaluation of potential complexation between bovine insulin and bovine serum albumin

The objective of this study was to examine the possible binding of bovine insulin (BI) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to form a new potential diabetogenic irreversible complex protein. Several preparations of BSA and BI were prepared. Both capillary electrophoresis and spectrophotometric analysis were undertaken to test the possibility of complexation between BI and BSA. HPLC was used to test whether the potential complex of BI and BSA is reversible or irreversible. The optimum deviation between the real and calculated absorbances was observed at a BI/BSA ratio of 2. Moreover, the migration time of BI decreased substantially with increasing ratio of BI to BSA until it became almost constant at equal molar ratio of BI/BSA. While the majority of the 2:1 BI–BSA sample detached during the HPLC analysis, which confirms the reversible character of BI–BSA binding, the HPLC chromatogram also emphasizes the formation of an irreversible complexation between the two proteins. This study provides evidence of the formation of reversible and irreversible new BI–BSA complexes under physiological conditions. This highlights the importance of examining the possible diabetogenicity of BI–BSA complex in genetically susceptible people. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.