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81.
Experiment 1 measured pure-tone frequency difference limens (DLs) at 1 and 4 kHz. The stimuli had two steady-state portions, which differed in frequency for the target. These portions were separated by a middle section of varying length, which consisted of a silent gap, a frequency glide, or a noise burst (conditions: gap, glide, and noise, respectively). The noise burst created an illusion of the tone continuing through the gap. In the first condition, the stimuli had an overall duration of 500 ms. In the second condition, stimuli had a fixed 50-ms middle section, and the overall duration was varied. DLs were lower for the glide than for the gap condition, consistent with the idea that the auditory system contains a mechanism specific for the detection of dynamic changes. DLs were generally lower for the noise than for the gap condition, suggesting that this mechanism extracts information from an illusory glide. In a second experiment, pure-tone frequency direction-discrimination thresholds were measured using similar stimuli as for the first experiment. For this task, the type of the middle section hardly affected the thresholds, suggesting that the frequency-change detection mechanism does not facilitate the identification of the direction of frequency changes. 相似文献
82.
J. Dilling F. Herfurth A. Kellerbauer G. Audi D. Beck G. Bollen H. -J. Kluge R. B. Moore C. Scheidenberger S. Schwarz G. Sikler 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2004,22(2):163-171
The masses of the noble-gas Xe isotopes with
have been directly measured for the first time. The experiments were carried out with the ISOLTRAP triple trap spectrometer at the on-line mass separator ISOLDE/CERN. A mass resolving power of the Penning trap spectrometer of
of close to a million was chosen resulting in an accuracy of
keV for all investigated isotopes. Conflicts with existing, indirectly obtained, mass data by several standard deviations were found and are discussed. An atomic mass evaluation has been performed and the results are compared to information from laser spectroscopy experiments and to recent calculations employing an interacting boson model.PACS:
07.75. + h Mass spectrometers - 21.10.Dr Binding energies and masses - 27.60. + j
- 32.10.Bi Atomic masses, mass spectra, abundances, and isotopes 相似文献
83.
We report on Kerr nonlinearity and dispersive optical bistability of a Fabry-Perot optical resonator due to the displacement of ultracold atoms trapped within. In the driven resonator, such collective motion is induced by optical forces acting upon up to 10(5) 87Rb atoms prepared in the lowest band of a one-dimensional intracavity optical lattice. The longevity of atomic motional coherence allows for strongly nonlinear optics at extremely low cavity photon numbers, as demonstrated by the observation of both branches of optical bistability at photon numbers below unity. 相似文献
84.
Dye aggregation is detrimental to the performance of high optical density dye-doped photonic materials. To overcome this challenge,
the ability of cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) as a molecular host to disrupt aggregate formation on glass substrates was examined.
Rhodamine B was covalently attached to glass slides by initially coating the surface with azidohexylsiloxane followed by copper-catalyzed
“click” triazole formation with rhodamine B propargyl ester. The absorption and emission spectra of rhodamine B coated slides
in water indicated diverse heterogeneous properties as surface dye density varied. Fluorescence quenching due to dye aggregation
was evident at high surface dye density. Addition of aqueous cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) to the surface-tethered dyes perturbed
the spectra to reveal a considerable reduction in heterogeneity, which suggested that the presence of a surface in close proximity
does not significantly impair CB7’s ability to complex with tethered rhodamine B. 相似文献
85.
With a suitable combination of ligand-stabilised nanoparticle suspension and ionic salt solutions, it is possible to produce microcrystals that are coated with nanoparticles. The self-assembly process of coating microcrystals by gold nanoparticles (NP) is mediated by the crystal lattice. This is the so-called CLAMS process - a generic process for self-organisation of nanoparticles on the surface of crystals [M. Murugeshan, D. Cunningham, J.-L. Martnez-Albertos, R. Vrcelj, B.D. Moore, Chem. Commun. (2005) 2677]. We are exploring here the structural properties of these self-assembled structures by using different imaging techniques. 相似文献
86.
H. Penttilä D. Gorelov V. -V. Elomaa T. Eronen U. Hager J. Hakala A. Jokinen A. Kankainen P. Karvonen I. D. Moore J. Parkkonen K. Peräjärvi I. Pohjalainen S. Rahaman S. Rinta-Antila J. Rissanen V. A. Rubchenya A. Saastamoinen V. Simutkin T. Sonoda C. Weber A. Voss J. Äystö 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2016,52(4):104
87.
We describe a class of topological field theories called “balanced topological field theories”. These theories are associated
to moduli problems with vanishing virtual dimension and calculate the Euler character of various moduli spaces. We show that
these theories are closely related to the geometry and equivariant cohomology of “iterated superspaces” that carry two differentials.
We find the most general action for these theories, which turns out to define Morse theory on field space. We illustrate the
constructions with numerous examples. Finally, we relate these theories to topological sigma-models twisted using an isometry
of the target space.
Received: 2 September 1996 / Accepted: 3 October 1996 相似文献
88.
C. Magron Ph. Alfaurt B. Blank L. Daudin T. Eronen M. Gerbaux J. Giovinazzo D. Gorelov S. Grévy H. Guérin J. Hakala V. S. Kolhinen J. Koponen T. Kurtukian Nieto I. D. Moore H. Penttilä I. Pohjalainen J. Reinikainen M. Reponen S. Rinta-Antila M. Roche A. de Roubin N. Smirnova B. Thomas A. Voss L. Xayavong 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2017,53(4):77
89.
The Bekenstein–Hawking entropy of certain black holes can be computed microscopically in string theory by mapping the elusive
problem of counting microstates of a strongly gravitating black hole to the tractable problem of counting microstates of a
weakly coupled D-brane system, which has no event horizon, and indeed comfortably fits on the head of a pin. We show here
that, contrary to widely held beliefs, the entropy of spherically symmetric black holes can easily be dwarfed by that of stationary
multi-black-hole “molecules” of the same total charge and energy. Thus, the corresponding pin-sized D-brane systems do not
even approximately count the microstates of a single black hole, but rather those of a zoo of entropically dominant multicentered
configurations.
Fourth Award in the 2007 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation. 相似文献
90.
Moore KT Wall MA Schwartz AJ Chung BW Shuh DK Schulze RK Tobin JG 《Physical review letters》2003,90(19):196404
Using high energy-electron energy loss spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and synchrotron-radiation-based x-ray absorption spectroscopy, we provide the first experimental evidence that Russell-Saunders (LS) coupling fails for the 5f states of Pu. These results support the assumption that only the use of jj or intermediate coupling is appropriate for the 5f states of Pu. High energy-electron energy loss spectroscopy experiments were performed by use of a transmission electron microscope and are coupled with image and diffraction data; therefore, the measurements are completely phase specific. 相似文献