An integrated proteomic approach to studying glomerular nephrotoxicity

A single dose of puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) given parenterally to rats induces ultrastructural glomerular changes and a nephrotic syndrome similar in many respects to human minimal change nephropathy. The exact aetiologies of both the human and the experimental syndromes are unknown, and are probably multifactorial. However, among the observed consequences in humans and rats is increased plasma protein excretion in urine, beginning in the latter typically 3-6 days after PAN administration. In view of this, two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) has been used to profile urinary proteins during PAN-induced nephrotoxicity and subsequent recovery in the rat. In addition, urinary high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiles and high resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been utilised to simultaneously detect toxin-induced changes in the relative concentrations of a number of metabolites. The proteomic approach, in conjunction with these other techniques, has the potential to provide significantly more mechanistic information than is provided readily by traditional clinical chemistry.     

Die Reduktion von Germanium- und Zinntetrabromid durch Tri-tert-butylphosphin: Brom-tri-tert-butylphosphonium-Salze

Reduction of Germanium and Tin Tetrabromide by Tri-tert-butylphosphine: Bromo-tri-tert-butylphosphonium Ions Tri-tert-butylphosphine react with equimolar amounts of germanium or tin tetrabromide with formation of “1:1 adducts”. The new compounds are characterized as bromo-tri-tert-butylphosphonium salts (t-C₄H₉)₃PBr⁺MBr₃^? by ¹H n.m.r., ³¹P n.m.r., infrared and Raman spectroscopy (M = Ge, Sn).     

Organometallphosphin-substituierte Übergangsmetalkomplexe XVI. Tricarbonyl-tris(organometallphosphin)chrom- und -molybdän komplexe

Two phosphido cobalt carbonyl cluster Co(CO)₆P2 and Co₃(CO)₉PS have been prepared and characterised.     

Building the “Phosphoindigo” Backbone by Oxidative Coupling of Phosphindolin‐3‐ones with Selenium Dioxide

Oxidative coupling of racemic 1‐ethoxy‐1‐oxophosphindolin‐3‐one ( 1 ) and its 5‐CF₃‐derivative 6 with SeO₂ furnishes 1,1′‐diphosphaindigo derivatives 5 and 7 as bis‐phosphinic esters, i. e. as P^V‐compounds. Like indigo and thioindigo, 5 and 7 exist in the E‐configuration; the crude products of 5 and 7 are mixtures of isomers that are trans‐ and cis‐configurated with respect to the relative orientation of the ester groups oat phosphorus. The structure of the centrosymmetric E‐P(R)P′(S) isomer [(E)‐trans‐isomer] of 5 was determined by X‐ray crystallography. Ester cleavage of 5 , followed by addition of triethylamine to bis‐phosphinic acid 9 (the 1,1,1′,1′‐tetroxide of “phosphoindigo”), furnishes the related bis‐triethylammonium salt 10 as a crystalline hydrate that exhibits an extended hydrogen bonding network.     

Spektralphotometrische Untersuchung der Systeme NiF2/Erdalkalifluoride sowie des Systems CaF2/CoF2

The light absorption of the phases occurring in the systemsMF₂/NiF₂ (M=Ba, Sr, Ca) has been investigated. The colour curves of Ba₂NiF₆ (I) and of BaNiF₄ (II) show characteristic differences. The colour curve of SrNiF₄ is similar to that of II. The colour curves of the system CaF₂/NiF₂ are compared with those of the system CaF₂/CoF₂. From the colour curve of the latter system one can unambiguously infer that mixed cristals Ca_1–x Co _x F₂ (x0,01) exist. No evidence could be found for the existence of mixed cristals Ca_1–x Ni _x F₂ by the spectrophtometric method.

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