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91.
Nam‐Ho You Tomoya Higashihara Shinji Ando Mitsuru Ueda 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2010,48(12):2604-2609
New sulfur‐containing polymers with high‐refractive indices and low birefringences have been developed as UV‐curable high‐refractive polymer resins. The polymers derived from 2,7‐bis[(2‐acryloylethyl)sulfanyl]thianthrene (2,7‐BAST) and 4,4′‐bis[(acryloyloxyethylthio)diphenylsulfide (4,4′‐BADS) were prepared by photopolymerization under UV irradiation. Transparent UV‐cured films were obtained in both cases. Both polymers showed good thermal stability, such as a 5% weight‐loss temperature at 355 °C under nitrogen and glass transition temperatures (Tg) in the range of 94–143 °C. They also showed high‐refractive indices of 1.6531 and 1.6645 at 632.8 nm and low birefringences of 0.0039 and 0.0069 in addition to high transparency in the visible region. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 2604–2609, 2010 相似文献
92.
Daisuke Kamei Hiroharu Ajiro Mitsuru Akashi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2010,48(16):3651-3657
The effects of stereoregularity, temperature, and solvent on the specific recognition of syndiotactic (st)‐poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) in macromolecularly porous isotactic (it)‐poly(methyl methacrylate) films were investigated to give important insights into the regularity and stability of nanospaces in the it‐PMMA films as well as template polymerization. The porous it‐PMMA films were fabricated on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) substrates via the layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly of it‐PMMA/st‐PMAA, plus the st‐PMAA extraction from the assembly. QCM analysis and infrared spectroscopy revealed the first case of stereocomplex formation using st‐PMAA with lower stereoregularity (rr = 73%) in the LbL films, while st‐PMAA obtained with conventional free radical polymerization (rr = 62%) was barely incorporated into the porous it‐PMMA films. The maximum st‐PMAA incorporation increased from 25 to 40 °C, but there were almost no difference between 40 and 55 °C, indicating that the it‐PMMA crystallization would also be accelerated with increasing temperature. The studies on st‐PMAA incorporation with various complexing solvents revealed that the host it‐PMMA in the porous films could only form the original stereocomplex with 2/1 unit‐molar stoichiometry (st‐PMAA/it‐PMMA) in acetonitrile/water or ethanol/water. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 3651–3657, 2010 相似文献
93.
94.
Chang KS Yoshioka T Kanezashi M Tsuru T Tung KL 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2010,46(48):9140-9142
A new molecular dynamics simulation method was successfully applied to construct a homogeneous organic-inorganic hybrid silica membrane using the hybrid-pcff (h-pcff) potential function. Analysis suggested that the hybrid BTESE silica membrane provided a looser network and larger cavity size for the enhancement of gas permeability and selectivity. 相似文献
95.
We demonstrate the origin of spectral variations in background light emission of surface enhanced resonance hyper Raman scattering (SERHRS) from single Ag nanoaggregates. Ag nanoaggregate-by-nanoaggregate variations in background light emission spectra are related to plasma (plasmon) resonance spectra. Temporal variations in background light emission spectra with temporal blueshifts in plasma resonance spectra are also observed under continuous laser excitation. Both types of the variations in background light emission are reproduced by multiplying background light emission spectra measured from a Ag microaggregate by Lorentz function spectra derived from plasma resonance spectra. The reproduction reveals that second electromagnetic (EM) enhancement by plasma resonance is the origin of the variations. Additionally, spectral variations in background light emission of SERHRS are similar to that of surface enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS). The similarity indicates that both types of background light emission commonly obtain second EM enhancement from identical plasma resonance. 相似文献
96.
Shin-ichiro Hayashi Munenori Yoshioka Shuji Usui Kiyofumi Haneda Takahiro Kondo Kim B. McAuley Takahiro Tominaga 《Radiation Physics and Chemistry》2010,79(7):803-808
In radiotherapy treatment, polymer gel dosimetry can be used for verifying three-dimensional (3D) dose distributions. Gelatin is generally used as a gelling agent in the dosimeters. In this paper, another role of gelatin in a methacrylic-acid-based gel dosimeter (MAGAT) is investigated. Temperature increases due to exothermic polymerization in the irradiated gel are measured directly. Dose–R2 responses are also obtained using MRI. It is shown that no appreciable increases in either temperature or R2 are observed in MAGAT dosimeters made without gelatin, and that significant temperature and R2 increases are observed when very low gelatin concentrations are used. These results indicate that gelatin is an important enabler for radiation-induced free-radical polymerization in methacrylic-acid-based gels. When gelatin is replaced by amino acids, changes in temperature are observed, along with small changes in R2. The resulting dosimeter solutions remain transparent because the polymer does not precipitate as it does in regular MAGAT dosimeters containing gelatin. When the amino acids are replaced by acids without amino groups, no temperature or R2 changes are observed, indicating that no polymer forms. These results show that amino groups (and possibly other functional groups) on the gelatin catalyze the radiation-induced free-radical polymerization that occurs in MAGAT dosimeters. 相似文献
97.
Anti-Hofmeister series properties have been found for a polymer (PVA-T) having a π electron system and acidic protons, which
were prepared by introducing trimellitic anhydride to poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Aqueous dispersion of PVA-T became clear
in the presence of 1 M Na2SO4, a typical kosmotrope, due to dissolution of the solid polymer sample, while the turbidity in the presence of 1 M KSCN, a
typical chaotrope, hardly changed. Being consistent to the salt effects, PVA-T hydrogel, which was prepared by chemical cross-linking,
showed marked swelling in sulfate solutions, whereas the swelling degree was only marginal in thiocyanates. 相似文献
98.
Mitsuru Suda Takuya Hagihara Noriyoshi Suya Tsuyoshi Hamano Masashi Takada Teruaki Konishi Takeshi Maeda Yasushi Ohmachi Shizuko Kakinuma Kentaro Ariyoshi Yoshiya Shimada Hitoshi Imaseki 《Radiation Physics and Chemistry》2009,78(12):1216-1219
We developed a neutron irradiation facility, neutron exposure accelerator system for biological effect experiments (NASBEE) for biological studies in National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Japan. Irradiation field of 2 MeV average neutrons generated by a Be(d–n)B reaction is established. Dose uniformity of 240 mm in diameter irradiation field is producible within ±2.5% with a dose rate of 0.87 Gy/h at sample target distance of 1170 mm. Two irradiation rooms, a specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditioned one and a conventional, are now available. Irradiation protocols for in vitro experiments are now established and demonstrated by obtaining a relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of cell inactivation measured to be 3.54 with 10% survival dose (D10). 相似文献
99.
Hayashi Y Aratake S Itoh T Okano T Sumiya T Shoji M 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2007,(9):957-959
Dry and wet prolines were found to catalyze the direct aldol reactions of aldehyde-aldehyde and aldehyde-ketone, respectively, to afford aldols with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities, and an organic solvent-free reaction was realized in some cases. 相似文献
100.
Yoshioka H Suzuki M Mugisawa M Naitoh N Sawada H 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2007,308(1):4-10
Fluoroalkanoyl peroxide reacted with 1,3,5,7-tetravinyl-1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (TTRV-Si) to afford fluoroalkyl end-capped oligomers containing some unreacted vinyl segments under very mild conditions. Fluoroalkyl end-capped cyclosiloxane oligomers containing some vinyl segments thus obtained reacted with N,N-dimethylacrylamide and fluoroalkanoyl peroxide to afford new fluorinated dendrimer-type block copolymers in good isolated yield. Similar reactions were also occurred by the use of 1,3,5-trivinyl-1,3,5-trimethylcyclotrisiloxane instead of TTRV-Si, and the corresponding fluorinated dendrimer-type block copolymer was obtained in good isolated yield. These fluorinated dendrimer-type block copolymers had an excellent solubility not only in water but also in traditional organic solvents including aliphatic fluorinated solvents. Interestingly, these fluorinated block copolymers were found to form the self-assembled dendrimer-type polymeric aggregates in aqueous solutions. More interestingly, these fluorinated block copolymers had an extremely higher dispersion ability of not only single-walled carbon nanotube and fullerenes but also magnetic nanoparticles into water, compared to that of the corresponding two fluoroalkyl end-capped oligomers. 相似文献