THE MEDIUM EFFECTS IN THE SULPHONATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

Abstract

Both the relative reactivities and the initial isomer distributions in the sulphonation of polycyclic hydrocarbons were found to be strongly dependent on the composition of reaction medium.     

Mild Dehydration Using Trichlorotrifluoroacetone

The reaction of 1,1,1-trichloro-3,3,3-trifluoroacetone with 1[ddot] and 2[ddot] alcohols form the corresponding hemiketals which spontaneously eliminate water in presence of a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid to produce the olefins in high yield.     

Kinetic,isotherm, and mechanism investigations of the removal of nitrate and nitrite from water by the synthesized hydrotalcite Mg–Al

Research on Chemical Intermediates - The objective of this work is to test the effectiveness of hydrotalcite as an adsorbent for the retention of nitrate and nitrite ions and to study the influence...     

Investigation of solid-state reaction in Ag/Sn nanostructured thin films at room temperature

Diffusion intermixing processes in nanostructured Ag/Sn thin-film system at room temperature were investigated by means of secondary neutral mass Spectrometry depth profiling technique. As it was confirmed by X-ray diffraction too, the reaction started already in the as-deposited sample. Since the bulk diffusion was frozen at room temperature, the Ag₃Sn phase was formed along the grain boundaries (GBs), gradually consuming the interior of grains, and was grown perpendicular to the GBs. At the same time, formation and growth of a small compact reaction layer near the interface were observed and the shift of the bordering parallel interfaces was controlled by GB diffusion. From the kinetics of the diffusion process in the above two mechanisms, both the interface velocity in the diffusion-induced grain boundary motion regime as well as the coefficient of parabolic growth in the planar growth regime were determined.     

Musa sp. Leaves Extract Ameliorates the Hepato-Renal Toxicities Induced by Cadmium in Mice

Heavy metals intoxication causes several health problems that necessitate finding new protective and therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Musa sp. leaves extract (MLE) on hepato-renal toxicities induced by cadmium (Cd) in male mice. The phytochemical screening, metal chelating activity (MCA), and the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of MLE were determined. Fifty CD-1 male mice were used and intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with MLE (1000 to 5000 mg/kg b.wt) for MLE LD₅₀ determination. Another 50 mice were used for evaluating the effect of MLE on Cd toxicity. Blood samples were collected for hematological, liver, and kidney functions assessments. Liver tissue homogenates were used for determination of oxidant/antioxidant parameters. Liver and kidney tissues were harvested for histopathological and molecular investigations. MLE showed potent in vitro antioxidant activities. The MCA and LD₅₀ of the MLE were 75 µg/mL and 3000 mg/kg b.wt, respectively. MLE showed beneficial therapeutic activity against hepato-renal toxicities in Cd-intoxicated mice, evidenced by improving the hematological, biochemical, histopathological, and molecular alterations.     

Side-by-side comparison of disposable microchips with commercial capillary cartridges for application in capillary isoelectric focusing with whole column imaging detection

Simple-structured, well-functioned disposable poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchips were developed for capillary isoelectric focusing with whole column imaging detection (CIEF-WCID). Side-by-side comparison of the developed microchips with well-established commercial capillary cartridges demonstrated that the disposable microchips have comparable performance as well as advantages such as absence of lens effect and possibility of high-aspect-ratio accompanied with a dramatic reduction in cost.     

Flexural,impact, rheological and physical characterizations of POM reinforced by carbon nanotubes and paraffin oil

The paraffin oil dispersion technique innovated in the recent years to synthesize bulk polymer nanocomposite materials has a uniform dispersion. This research work aims to study the effect of added carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on flexural, impact and rheology behaviors of polyoxymethylene (POM) reinforced by 0–0.03 wt% of CNT using paraffin oil dispersion technique. The wettability and lamellar thickness were measured and rheological performance investigated using a parallel plate rheometer. The flexural and impact mechanical properties were also evaluated. The fracture surfaces were then examined by microscopy. The results showed that the energy to break, flexural strength and modulus increased proportionally with the addition of the amount of CNT in the matrix. For the rheology behavior, the viscosity decreased at the low percentage of CNT and then increased with increase in the percentage weight ratio of CNT in the POM matrix. It was also noted that the water contact angle rose with the increase the CNT percentages. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Approximate Controllability of Fractional Neutral Stochastic Evolution Equations with Nonlocal Conditions

In this paper, the approximate controllability of neutral stochastic fractional differential equations involving nonlocal initial conditions is studied. By using Sadovskii’s fixed point theorem with stochastic analysis theory, we derive a new set of sufficient conditions for the approximate controllability of semilinear fractional stochastic differential equations with nonlocal conditions under the assumption that the corresponding linear system is approximately controllable. Finally, an application to a fractional partial stochastic differential equation with nonlocal initial condition is provided to illustrate the obtained theory.