Online Separation and Preconcentration of Gold and Palladium on Amidinothiourea Immobilized Glass Bead for Interference-Free Flame Atom Absorption Spectrometry Determination

Amidinothiourea immobilized glass bead (AGB) was applied as the microcolumn packing for the flow-injection online separation and preconcentration of Au(III) and Pd(II) coupled with FAAS determination. The peak-area absorbance (A) and the peak-height absorbance (H) were all used as the evaluating modes. Au(III) and Pd(II) in 0.50 M HCl solution were absorbed onto AGB completely and then eluted into AAS with thiourea solution. Base metal ions with a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL and anions with a concentration of 20.0 mg/mL caused no interference in the determination of Au(III) and Pd(II). The LODs of Au(III) and Pd(II) for a preconcentration time of 60 s with a sampling flow rate of 5.0 mL/min for 0.20 μg/mL of Au(III) and 0.30 μg/mL of Pd(II) were 2.7 and 6.5 ng/mL with the H mode and 4.6 and 10.2 ng/mL with the A mode, respectively. The RSD of seven replicate determinations of 0.20 μg/mL of Au(III) and 0.30 μg/mL of Pd(II) were 0.018 and 0.024 for the H mode and 0.013 and 0.018 for the A mode, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of Au and Pd in real samples. __________ From Zhurnal Analiticheskoi Khimii, Vol. 60, No. 10, 2005, pp. 1023–1029. Original English Text Copyright ? 2005 by Liu, Pu, Su. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Effect of microstructure on molecular oxygen permeation through condensed phospholipid monolayers

A method is presented that allows novel measurement of the effect of microstructure on the oxygen permeability of highly condensed, polycrystalline phospholipid monolayers. Oxygen permeability of the polycrystalline shell coating a stationary microbubble is measured directly using an apposing microelectrode in the induced transfer mode and modeling oxygen flux through the shell and intervening aqueous medium. Varying cooling rate through the phospholipid main phase transition permits control of shell microstructure by manipulation of crystalline domain size and shape. Domain boundary density, defined as the ratio of the mean domain perimeter to the mean domain area, of the microbubble shell is determined by fluorescence microscopy. Oxygen permeability was shown to increase linearly with domain boundary density at a constant phospholipid acyl chain length and, accordingly, was shown to decrease exponentially with increasing chain length at a constant domain boundary density. Modification of the energy barrier theory to account for microstructural effects, in terms of the domain boundary density, provides a general equation to model passive transport through polycrystalline monolayer films. Results from this method show promise in determining the gas transport kinetics of medical microbubbles and the gas exchange characteristics of biological monolayers.     

格利斯比色法用于亚硝酸盐检测的可靠性论证

分析亚硝酸盐定量检测的重要方法-格利斯比色法的可靠性。弱酸条件下,亚硝酸盐与对氨基苯磺酸形成重氮盐再与N-1-萘乙二胺反应后,以分光光度法测定亚硝酸盐含量。该法检出限为5ng／mL,亚硝酸盐氮浓度在10～400ng／mL范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0．9997,回收率为104％,相对标准偏差为1．14％。亚硝酸盐氮浓度大于80μg／mL时出现假阴性。该方法较α-萘胺比色法显色稳定且简便实用,但应用时要避免假阴性错误。     

Ultrathin Two-Dimensional Fe–Co Bimetallic Oxide Nanosheets for Separator Modification of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

The shuttle effect is understood to be the most significant issue that needs to be solved to improve the performance of lithium–sulfur batteries. In this study, ultrathin two-dimensional Fe–Co bimetallic oxide nanosheets were prepared using graphene as a template, which could rapidly catalyze the conversion of polysulfides and inhibit the shuttle effect. Additionally, such ultrathin nanostructures based on graphene provided sufficient active sites and fast diffusion pathways for lithium ions. Taking into account the aforementioned benefits, the ultrathin two-dimensional Fe–Co bimetallic oxide nanosheets modified separator assembled lithium–sulfur batteries delivered an incredible capacity of 1044.2 mAh g⁻¹ at 1 C and retained an excellent reversible capacity of 859.4 mAh g⁻¹ after 100 cycles. Even under high loading, it still achieved high area capacity and good cycle stability (92.6% capacity retention).     

部分相干光在大气湍流中传输的闪烁指数

实验测量了不同空间相干度的部分相干光在实际大气湍流中传输的闪烁指数。结果表明：随着入射光空间相干度的降低,闪烁随光传输距离增长而增加的趋势变得缓慢,甚至出现减小的情况。此外,与完全相干光的闪烁指数随着径向距离的增加而增加不同,部分相干光的闪烁指数沿着光斑径向距离的增加不一定增加,而有可能出现降低。相干度越低,该效应越明显。     

神光Ⅲ主机双束组激光间接驱动内爆实验研究

在神光Ⅲ主机装置上,利用已经建成的两个激光束组,开展了激光间接驱动内爆物理磨合实验,是神光Ⅲ主机装置首次出中子实验。实验采用f1400 mm2100 mm黑腔,f500 mm的塑料靶丸充1 MPa的DD燃料,激光从黑腔两端55注入。实验获得的最高中子产额为9.7108。实验结果表明,实验黑腔的耦合效率约为50%;使用的黑腔偏长,靶丸被压缩为薄饼形;中子产额和激光能量正相关;中子发射峰值时刻主要依赖于烧蚀层厚度。     

基于X光微点源的半影成像技术

基于X光微点源装置,从实验角度验证了半影成像的原理。利用针孔成像,直接测量了微点源源区图像;给出了半影孔成像、半影锥成像和环孔成像原理,以及在微点源的半影成像结果和维纳滤波重建结果。从实验结果可知：半影锥成像具有与半影孔成像相同的诊断能力,两种方法的重建图像尺寸与源尺寸一致;环孔成像的诊断能力更好,重建图像的尺寸和形状更接近源图像。     

Tantalum Nitride Nanosheets for Photoacoustic Imaging-Guided Photothermal Cancer Therapy

In this study, the synthesis of TaN nanosheets and their application in theranostic agents is reported. After coating polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the TaN nanosheets, the as-synthesized PEG-modified TaN nanosheets (TaN-PEG) show good stability and biocompatibility. Because of their high absorbance in the near-IR region, TaN-PEG can be utilized as photoacoustic imaging contrast agents for tumor imaging. Moreover, TaN-PEG has significant photothermal conversion performance, exhibiting effective laser-induced tumor ablation capability. The TaN-PEG possessing excellent photoacoustic contrast effect and photothermal properties thus have great promise in theranostic applications, especially imaging-guided cancer treatment.     

编程计算法研究两级压缩低温热泵性能

为了优化热泵系统效率,主要采用编程计算,对以R32、R290以及R410A为工质的两级压缩热泵系统进行性能研究,对比了系统的蒸发温度、冷凝温度、中间温度和混合温度等对COP_h的影响。研究发现不完全冷却系统COP_h比完全冷却系统更高,在不同工况下存在不同的最佳中间温度,使得COP_h有最大值,R290和R410A的混合温度变化对系统COP_h影响较大。     

投料顺序对动态硫化PP／EPDM性能影响及其机理的研究

针对ＰＰ降解在ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ动态硫化中对体系产生的不利影响。考察了四种不同投料顺序对ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ动态硫化物的冲击韧性，加工流动性，交联程度和断面形貌等宏观和微观性能，并进行了不同ＥＰＤＭ含量的动态硫化和非硫化ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ的性能比较。结果表明，优化投料顺序能实现对动态硫化体系中化学反应对象和化学反应程度的有效干预。