Filter-based microfluidic device as a platform for immunofluorescent assay of microbial cells

A filter-based microfluidic device was combined with immunofluorescent labeling as a platform to rapidly detect microbial cells. The coin-sized device consisted of micro-chambers, micro-channels and filter weirs (gap = 1-2 microm), and was demonstrated to effectively trap and concentrate microbial cells (i.e., Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia), which were larger in size than the weir gap. After sample injection, a staining solution containing fluorescently-labeled antibodies was continuously provided into the device (flow rate = 20 microl min(-1)) to flush the microbial cells toward the weirs and to accelerate the fluorescent labeling reaction. Using a staining solution that was 10 to 100 times more dilute than the recommended concentration used in a conventional glass method, those target cells with a fluorescent signal-to-noise ratio of 12 could be microscopically observed at single-cell level within 2 to 5 min prior to secondary washing.     

Electron spin resonance studies of the radiolysis of bi-π-cyclopentadienylalkyls of molybdenum and tungsten

Exposure of (C₅H₅)₂MO(CH₃)₂ and (C₅H₅)₂W(CH₃)₂, prepared from the corresponding dichlorides, to ²⁰Co γ-rays at 77 K gave H₂C.CML₃ carbene species characterised by their ESR spectra, together with a central feature possibly due to the parent cations. Dilute solutions in CD₃OD gave features assigned to the parent anions which were converted on bleaching with visible light into methyl radicals, and H₂C.ML₃ radicals. From the magnitude of the ¹H and ¹⁸³W hyperfine coupling constants, it is deduced that the SOMO for H₂C.WL₃ radicals is strongly localised on carbon.Dilute solutions in aqueous sulphuric acid also gave species with A(2H) = 20 G, identified as the carbene derivatives, H₂C.Ml₃. These were formed on annealing, as signals assigned to HSO₄ · radicals were lost.     

Contribution à la phytochimie du genre Gentiana. XXVI.. Identification d'une nouvelle di-O-glucosyl cinnamoyl-C-glucosylflavone extraite des feuilles de Gentiana X marcailhouana RY.

Phytochemistry of Genus Gentiana. XXVI. Identification of a New Di-O-glucosyl Cinnamoyl-C-glucosylflavone in the Leaves of Gentiana X marcailhouana RY . A new di-O-glucosyl cinnamoyl-C-glucosylflavone has been identified as 4′-O-β-D -glucosyl-2″-O-[2-O-β-D -glucosyl-2,4,5-trihydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]isoorientin ( 1 ).     

Contribution à la phytochimie du genre Gentiana. XXV. Etude des composés flavoniques et xanthoniques dans les feuilles de Gentiana X marcailhouana RY. Nouveaux cinnamoyl-C-glucosides flavoniques

Phytochemistry of genus Gentiana XXV: Study of the flavonic and xanthonic compounds in leaves of Gentiana X marcailhouana RY . New cinnamoyl-C-glucosyl-flavones Nine flavonic compounds: isoorientin ( 1 ), isovitexin ( 2 ), isoorientin-4′-O-β-D -glucoside ( 3 ), isovitexin-4′-O-β-D -glucoside ( 4 ), luteolin-7-O-β-D -glucoside ( 5 ), trans-cafeoyl-2′′-isoorientin ( 6 ), trans-feruloyl-2′′-isoorientin ( 7 ), trans-p-coumaroyl-2′′-isoorientin ( 8 ), p-O-β-D -glucosyl-trans-cafeoyl-2′′-isoorientin ( 9 ) and three xanthones: gentioside ( 10 ), isogentisine ( 11 ), mangiferin ( 12 ), have been identified from leaves of Gentiana X marcailhouana RY . Compounds 8 and 9 were described for the first time. The cyclitol L -(+)-bornesitol ( 13 ) has been also isolated.     

Mathematical theory of reduction of physical parameters and similarity analysis

The method of similarity analysis in the study of differential equations is extended to study the variability of parameters in a physical system. The analysis provides an insight into the meaning of physical similarity, which usually means the possibility of a reduction in the number of physical parameters characterizing the system. Theorems relating similarities to groups of invariant transformations are proved and employed to show how the number of parameters can be reduced.     

Regularity of weak solutions to rate‐independent systems in one‐dimension

We show that under some appropriate assumptions, every weak solution (e.g. energetic solution) to a given rate‐independent system is of class SBV, or has finite jumps, or is even piecewise C¹. Our assumption is essentially imposed on the energy functional, but not convexity is required.