Hazard regression with penalized spline: The smoothing parameter choice and asymptotics

In this article, we use penalized spline to estimate the hazard function from a set of censored failure time data. A new approach to estimate the amount of smoothing is provided. Under regularity conditions we establish the consistency and the asymptotic normality of the penalized likelihood estimators. Numerical studies and an example are conducted to evaluate the performances of the new procedure.     

Comparison of turbulence models in simulating swirling pipe flows

Swirling flow is a common phenomenon in engineering applications. A numerical study of the swirling flow inside a straight pipe was carried out in the present work with the aid of the commercial CFD code fluent. Two-dimensional simulations were performed, and two turbulence models were used, namely, the RNG k–ε model and the Reynolds stress model. Results at various swirl numbers were obtained and compared with available experimental data to determine if the numerical method is valid when modeling swirling flows. It has been shown that the RNG k–ε model is in better agreement with experimental velocity profiles for low swirl, while the Reynolds stress model becomes more appropriate as the swirl is increased. However, both turbulence models predict an unrealistic decay of the turbulence quantities for the flows considered here, indicating the inadequacy of such models in simulating developing pipe flows with swirl.     

Tearing and Rheological Properties of Fully Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(Ethylene Glutaric-Co-Terephthalate) Copolyester Blends

The tearing and rheological properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(ethylene glutaric-co-terephthalate) copolyester (FP) blends were investigated using a wide range of blending ratios. The tearing strength values of PLA/FP were always significantly higher than that of the PLA specimen. The melt flow indexer and capillary rheometer analyses indicated that the viscous flow became difficult and the melt strength of PLA was improved after the addition of FP. The interactions between the molecular chains of PLA and FP adds FP branching and lengthens the macromolecular chains and the degree of macromolecular entanglement increases. The blends with 5 wt% FP reached the maximum melt strength and minimum flow index n, while the tearing strength approached the maximum level. At higher FP contents, the melt flow properties PLA/FP blends increased and the melt strength decreased, the tearing strength of PLA/FP blends also decreased.     

外加直流电场作用下高阶弱非线性复合介质的电势分布

利用同伦分析方法, 研究了一类由柱形杂质随机嵌入基质所形成的、电场和电流密度满足J = σ E + χ |E|²E + η|E|⁴E 形式本构关系的高阶弱非线性复合介质在外加直流电场作用下的电势分布问题. 首先利用模函数展开法, 将本构方程及边界条件化成了一系列非线性常微分方程的边值问题; 再利用同伦分析方法进行求解, 给出了电势在基质和杂质区域的渐近解析解. 关键词： 高阶弱非线性复合介质 模函数展开法 同伦分析方法 电势分布     

大电流碳纳米管场发射阴极研究

报道了在较大发射面积上获得较大场发射电流的碳纳米管场发射阴极。为了加强场发射电流,在丝网印刷浆料中增加一种金属纳米颗粒,金属颗粒增强了碳纳米管发射体和衬底的接触,提高碳纳米管和衬底的粘附作用。利用改进后的丝网印刷方法制备了大电流碳纳米管场发射阴极,测得最大发射电流为68.0 mA,阴极有效发射面积约1.1 mm2,发射电流密度约6.2 A/cm2;并成功将改进方法制备的大电流场发射碳纳米管阴极应用于场发射真空器件原型。实验证明这种具有较大发射电流和较大发射电流密度的场发射能够满足部分大功率电子器件的需求。收稿日期:; 修订日期:     

Nb_3Sn/Cu复合导体分流温度的定量计算

铌三锡是高磁场下实用的一种低温超导材料,分流温度是超导磁体的关键设计参数。文中采用超导体幂指数模型,定量计算了绝热条件下柱状铌三锡复合导体的分流温度,计算结果与现有的分流温度估算公式结果相符;另外还分别讨论了幂指数模型的中的指数n以及磁场对铌三锡复合导体分流温度的影响。结果可以为无液氦直接冷却系统中超导磁体的相关低温技术研究提供一定的数据参考。     

基于无模型方法的混沌系统自适应控制

传统的混沌控制方法大多需要获知混沌系统的模型知识, 但是工业实际中系统的参数经常是未知的,与此同时系统建模过程当中经常会不可避免地存在未建模的动态不确定性, 这种情况下常规的混沌控制方法不能取得优化的控制性能指标．为解决此问题, 提出了一类基于无模型方法的混沌系统自适应控制算法．该算法基于数据驱动, 无需混沌系统的先验知识, 无需训练过程, 在线调整参数较少, 是一种低成本的控制器．数学证明了该控制系统的稳定性, 仿真结果说明了这种理论的有效性． 关键词： 混沌控制 自适应 无模型 数据驱动     

太赫兹波导滤波器的分析与设计

分析了不同宽边情况下对滤波器加工精度的影响,分析结果表明对于不同频段的滤波器,需要选择合适的谐振腔的宽边才能达到较好的性能,同时分析了不同谐振模式的滤波器对加工精度的影响,分析表明,对于太赫兹频段滤波器,选用TE101谐振模式时存在腔体长度会比波导的宽边小很多的情况,而选用高阶谐振模式不但可以提高滤波器的品质因数Q值,减少损耗,同时也能在一定程度上降低滤波器对加工精度的要求。最后以0.34 THz 4阶带通滤波器为例验证此方法的正确性,测试表明该滤波器最低损耗为-0.73 dB,在0.335~0.349 THz范围内损耗在-2 dB以内。     

宽波段连续调谐全固态CW PPMgLN光学参量振荡器

利用半导体激光泵浦输出1064 nm波长的全固态连续Nd:YVO4激光器作为泵浦源,采用周期调谐和温度调谐组合调谐技术,对基于掺氧化镁周期性极化铌酸锂晶体（MgO:LiNbO3, PPMgLN）准相位匹配（QPM）的全固态连续波（CW）光学参量振荡器（OPO）宽波段无分立连续调谐输出特性进行研究。实验采用连续工作模式和外腔结构,基于多周期PPMgLN晶体的30.2,30.4和30.6 m周期,在改变晶体的极化周期的基础上,同时在30～100 ℃范围内调节晶体工作温度。实验结果表明:CW PPMgLN OPO的泵浦阈值仅为0.22 W;不同极化周期需要的温度调谐范围不同;信号光在1 559.8～1 597.2 nm近红外波段和闲频光在3 187.3~3 347.3 nm中红外波段连续调谐输出。实现了外腔式全固态CW OPO在信号光和闲频光波段的无分立连续调谐输出。     

Quantitative analysis of tea using ytterbium‐based internal standard near‐infrared spectroscopy coupled with boosting least‐squares support vector regression

The present study demonstrated the possibility of utilizing the ytterbium (Yb)‐based internal standard near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopic measurement technique coupled with multivariate calibration for quantitative analysis of tea, including total free amino acids and total polyphenols in tea. Yb is a rare earth element aimed to compensate for the spectral variation induced by the alteration of sample quantity during the spectral measurement of the powdered samples. Boosting was invoked to be combined with least‐squares support vector regression (LS‐SVR), forming boosting least‐squares support vector regression (BLS‐SVR) for the multivariate calibration task. The results showed that the tea quality could be accurately and rapidly determined via the Yb‐based internal standard NIR spectroscopy combined with BLS‐SVR method. Moreover, the introduction of boosting drastically enhanced the performance of individual LS‐SVR, and BLS‐SVR compared favorably with partial least‐squares regression. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.