A Novel Fission Process in Mini-emulsion RAFT Polymerization: Shell Crosslinked Nanoparticles as a Model

Shell crosslinked nanoparticles, prepared from copolymerization of styrene and disulfide crosslinker, using poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) as stabilizer and macroinitiator, exhibited a special fission behavior during the mini-emulsion RAFT polymerization process.     

Lanthanide‐Catalyzed Selective Addition of Diethyl Phosphite to Chalcones

Lanthanide‐catalyzed addition of diethyl phosphite with chalcones was achieved under mild conditions. The reaction exhibited good product selectivity using different catalysts. γ‐Oxophosphonates were obtained in high yields in the reactions catalyzed by Yb(OAr)₃(THF)₂, while those catalyzed by [(Me₃Si)₂N]₃La(μ‐Cl)Li(THF)₃ afforded 1,2‐oxaphospholane‐5‐phosphonates as the main products in moderate to good yields. This methodology provides facile and practical approaches to the corresponding organophosphorus compounds with biological interest.     

Product Identification and Mass Spectrometric Analysis of n-Butane and i-Butane Pyrolysis at Low Pressure

The pyrolysis of n-butane and i-butane at low pressure was investigated from 823-1823 K in an electrically heated flow reactor using synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. More than 20 species, especially several radicals and isomers, were detected and identified from the measurements of photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectra. Based on the mass spectrometric analysis, the characteristics of n-butane and i-butane pyrolysis were discussed, which provided experimental evidences for the discussion of decomposition pathways of butane isomers. It is concluded that the isomeric structures of n-butane and i-butane have strong influence on their main decomposition pathways, and lead to dramatic differences in their mass spectra and PIE spectra such as the different dominant products and isomeric structures of butene products. Furthermore, compared with n-butane, i-butane can produce strong signals of benzene at low temperature in its pyrolysis due to the enhanced formation of benzene precursors like propargyl and C4 species, which provides experimental clues to explain the higher sooting tendencies of iso-alkanes than n-alkanes.     

富氮掺杂碳空心纳米笼协同钴镍硫化物提升超级电容器性能

采用简单的热解-硫化两步法成功制备了一种新型的富氮掺杂碳空心纳米笼(NC)负载双元金属硫化物纳米颗粒(CoNi_xS_y)的复合材料 CoNi_xS_y/NC。该策略以丁二酮肟镍为镍源,增加了活性位点,同时前驱体 ZIF-8@Ni-ZIF-67的核壳结构为空心碳纳米笼的构建提供了可能性。这种独特的负载多金属硫化物纳米颗粒的中空结构使CoNi_xS_y/NC作为电极材料时具有更多的活性位点、更高的导电性和结构稳定性,从而使其具有较高的比容量(1 A·g^-1时比容量为629.2 F·g^-1),优异的循环稳定性(1 A·g^-1下1 000次循环测试后容量保持率为93.4%)。当将其进一步组装成对称超级电容器后,在1 A·g^-1下可提供207.2 F·g^-1的比电容,1 000圈循环稳定后的容量保持率为85.36%。     

ZnII and CuII complexes generated from 5‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)‐3‐[2‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)ethyl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2(3H)‐thione

A new 1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐containing bispyridyl ligand, namely 5‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)‐3‐[2‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)ethyl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2(3H)‐thione (L), has been used to create the novel complexes tetranitratobis{μ‐5‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)‐3‐[2‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)ethyl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2(3H)‐thione}zinc(II), [Zn₂(NO₃)₄(C₁₄H₁₂N₄OS)₂], (I), and catena‐poly[[[dinitratocopper(II)]‐bis{μ‐5‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)‐3‐[2‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)ethyl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2(3H)‐thione}] nitrate acetonitrile sesquisolvate dichloromethane sesquisolvate], {[Cu(NO₃)(C₁₄H₁₂N₄OS)₂]NO₃·1.5CH₃CN·1.5CH₂Cl₂}_n, (II). Compound (I) presents a distorted rectangular centrosymmetric Zn₂L₂ ring (dimensions 9.56 × 7.06 Å), where each Zn^II centre lies in a {ZnN₂O₄} coordination environment. These binuclear zinc metallocycles are linked into a two‐dimensional network through nonclassical C—H...O hydrogen bonds. The resulting sheets lie parallel to the ac plane. Compound (II), which crystallizes as a nonmerohedral twin, is a coordination polymer with double chains of Cu^II centres linked by bridging L ligands, propagating parallel to the crystallographic a axis. The Cu^II centres adopt a distorted square‐pyramidal CuN₄O coordination environment with apical O atoms. The chains in (II) are interlinked via two kinds of π–π stacking interactions along [01]. In addition, the structure of (II) contains channels parallel to the crystallographic a direction. The guest components in these channels consist of dichloromethane and acetonitrile solvent molecules and uncoordinated nitrate anions.     

A highly selective dual-channel Hg2+ chemosensor based on an easy to prepare double naphthalene Schiff base

Science China Chemistry - A non-sulfur chemosensor based on an easy to prepare double naphthalene Schiff base is reported for the colorimetric and fluorometric dual-channel sensing of Hg2+ ions by...     

新型10-取代小檗碱衍生物的合成

2-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲醛在酸性条件下脱除甲基制得2,3-二羟基苯甲醛（2）;在不同碱作用下,2与卤代烷烃选择性反应生成邻、间烷氧基单取代中间体（3和4）,经二次烷基化反应制得2-甲氧基-3-烷氧基、2-烷氧基-3-丁氧基苯甲醛（5a~5f）; 5a~5f与3,4-亚甲二氧基苯乙胺经脱水缩合生成席夫碱中间体,再依次经硼氢化钠还原生成胺,并与乙二醛水溶液发生双重环合反应,合成了一系列10-位非甲基取代的小檗碱衍生物（9a~9f）,其中5b~5e和9a~9f为新化合物,其结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。     

Raney Ni催化二亚糠基丙酮加氢制取长链烷烃前驱体的特性研究

采用Raney Ni为催化剂,考察了反应温度、压力、时间和溶剂对二亚糠基丙酮加氢制取长链烷烃前驱体催化性能的影响。结果表明,Raney Ni对二亚糠基丙酮具有很好的低温加氢性能,升高反应温度和压力均有利于加氢反应的进行,但过高的温度反而不利于加氢反应。在50℃和2.5 MPa下反应2 h,二亚糠基丙酮转化率达99.5%以上,饱和加氢产物的总选择性达到80.8%。此外,加氢中间产物的变化结果表明,二亚糠基丙酮的双键加氢容易程度为,烯键>呋喃环双键>C=O双键。Raney Ni 在甲醇溶剂中的加氢性能明显高于在四氢呋喃、环己烷或水溶剂中的加氢性能。     

Selective DNA detection at Zeptomole level based on coulometric measurement of gold nanoparticle-mediated electron transfer across a self-assembled monolayer

A selective DNA sensing with zeptomole detection level is developed based on coulometric measurement of gold nanoparticle (AuNPs)-mediated electron transfer (ET) across a self-assembled monolayer on the gold electrode. After immobilization of a thiolated hairpin-structured DNA probe, an alkanethiol monolayer was self-assembled on the resultant electrode to block [Fe(CN)6 ]-3-/4in a solution from accessing the electrode. In the presence of DNA target, hybridization between the DNA probe and the DNA target breaks the stem duplex of DNA probe. Consequently, stem moiety at the 3′-end of the DNA probes was removed from the electrode surface and made available for hybridization with the reporter DNA-AuNPs conjugates (reporter DNA-AuNPs). The thiolated reporter DNA matches the stem moiety at the 3′-end of the DNA probe. AuNPs were then enlarged by immersing the electrode in a growth solution containing HAuCl 4 and H2O2 after the reporter DNA-AuNPs bound onto the electrode surface. The enlarged AuNPs on the electrode restored the ET between the electrode and the [Fe(CN)6]3 -/4- , as a result, amplified signals were achieved for DNA target detection using the coulometric measurement of Fe(CN)6 3- electro-reduction by prolonging the electrolysis time. The quantities of ET on the DNA sensor increased with the increase in DNA target concentration through a linear range of 3.0 fM to 1.0 pM when electrolysis time was set to 300 s, and the detection limit was 1.0 fM. Correspondingly, thousands of DNA (zeptomole) copies were detected in 10L samples. Furthermore, the DNA sensor showed excellent differentiation ability for single-base mismatch.