Brush macro‐RAFT agent mediated dispersion polymerization of styrene in the alcohol/water mixture

Dispersion RAFT polymerization of styrene in the alcohol/water mixture mediated with the brush macro‐RAFT agent of poly[poly(ethylene oxide) methyl ether vinylphenyl‐co‐styrene] trithiocarbonate [P(mPEGV‐co‐St)‐TTC] with similar molecular weight but different chemical composition is investigated. Well‐controlled RAFT polymerization including an initial slow homogeneous polymerization and a subsequent fast heterogeneous polymerization at almost complete monomer conversion is achieved. The molecular weight of the synthesized block copolymer increases linearly with the monomer conversion, and the polydispersity is relatively narrow (PDI < 1.3). The RAFT polymerization kinetics is dependent on the chemical composition in the brush macro‐RAFT agents, and those with high content of hydrophobic segment lead to fast RAFT polymerization. The growth of the block copolymer nano‐objects during the RAFT polymerization is explored, and various block copolymer nano‐objects such as nanospheres, worms, vesicles and large‐compound‐micelle‐like particles are prepared. The parameters such as the chemical composition in the brush macro‐RAFT agent, the chain length of the solvatophobic block, the concentration of the feeding monomer and the solvent character affecting the size and morphology of the block copolymer nano‐objects are investigated. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3177–3190     

Photo-responsive nanoparticles for β-lapachone delivery in vitro

We reported a one-step encapsulation of indocyanine green (ICG) in ZIF-8 nanoparticles (NPs). The as-prepared ICG@ZIF-8 NPs possess an absorption band in the near infrared region and have the good photothermal conversion efficiency.     

A competitive model in a chemostat with nutrient recycling and antibiotic treatment

A model for competition between antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant bacteria with nutrient recycling and antibiotic treatment in a chemostat is considered. The sufficient and necessary conditions for boundedness of the solution and existence of non-negative equilibria are derived. The extinction and uniform persistence of antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant bacteria are also carried out. Numerical simulations are then given to illustrate our main results.     

Friedel–Crafts alkylation between chalcone epoxides and heteroarenes induced by triarylaminium salt

Triarylaminium salt was disclosed as a highly efficient nonmetallic initiator for the Friedel–Crafts reaction between chalcone epoxides and heteroarenes to construct a series of complex β-heteroaryl α-ketols in mild conditions and with good yields. Chalcone epoxides were presented as valuable halogen-free pre-electrophile in Friedel–Crafts alkylation through the formation of the stabilized benzylic cation intermediates. A plausible radical cation chain mechanism was also proposed.     

An experimental study about the effect of arrangement on the fire behaviors of lithium-ion batteries

The gadolinium ferrochromite (GdFe_1?xCr_xO₃) was used as a case study of influence of chromium substitution on the perovskite structure in the entire composition range. By exploiting thermal analysis techniques (dilatometry, differential thermal analysis) the influence of chromium was investigated in the context of thermal stability of the canted antiferromagnetic ordering. It was found that the higher the chromium concentration was, the more the Néel temperature decreased, e.g., substitution of 26 % of iron atoms corresponded to a depression of about 60 K with respect to undoped gadolinium ferrite. For higher chromium concentrations the mixed gadolinium ferrochromite was paramagnetic at room temperature. Additional information on the crystal structure and, qualitatively, on the magnetic ordering as well was derived from the results of X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements. For chromium content higher than 10 % the gadolinium ferrochromite may be regarded as a solid solution. For lower concentrations, however, a possible formation of clusters with different Fe/Cr ratio occurs as suggested by Mössbauer spectra.     

由从属关系定义的亚纯多叶函数的子类的某些性质

In the present paper, we introduce some new subclasses of meromorphic starlike,convex, close-to-convex and quasi-convex functions of β-reciprocal in terms of the linear operator using subordination. We obtain the coefficient estimates, convolution properties, integral preserving properties and inclusion relationships of the classes. The results presented here include several results as their special cases.