多酸有机衍生物研究进展

综述了近年来在同多酸和杂多酸有机衍生物的合成,结构,物理化学性质研究及应用方面的进展。     

掺杂Pr对VPO催化剂性质的影响

在ＶＰＯ催化剂中添加Ｐｒ，用ＸＲＤ，ＬＲＳ，ＸＰＳ，ＥＳＲ和＾３１Ｐ固体核磁共振考察了催化剂的相组成和钒的氧化态，用ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ和吡啶吸会原位红外光谱表征了催化剂表面的酸量。将催化剂应用于正丁烷选择氧化生成顺酐的反应中，实验结果表明，当Ｐｒ／Ｖ原子比＝０．０５时，活性相（ＶＯ）２Ｐ２Ｏ７的量增加，表面酸性增强，正丁烷转化率和生成顺酐的选择性都有所提高，而Ｐｒ／Ｖ≥０．１０时，（ＶＯ）２Ｐ２Ｏ７的     

添加Tm对VPO催化剂性能的影响

八十年代以来，以正丁烷为原料生产顺酐的磷钒系催化剂研究非常活跃．为改进催化剂的性能，可添加Zn、Co、Zr、Ti等过渡元素［1－3］，但有关催化剂的组成、结构及作用机理方面的报导较少．我们在VPO催化剂中分别加入十五种稀土元素并将其应用于正丁烷选择氧化制备顺酐的反应中［4］．实验结果表明，以添加Tm的催化剂活性及选择性均为最高．本文用IR、XRD、XPS、和NH3－TPD等方法研究了VPO和添加Tm后样品的晶相结构、表面组成和酸性，用固定床反应器考察了正丁烷转化率和生成顺酐选择性的变化并探讨了引起这些变化的机理．1实验（…     

金钼蓝杂多酸极谱行为及痕量金的测定

在０．０２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸和Ｖ－溶液中，金（Ⅲ）与钼酸铵形成金钼蓝杂多酸，在ＰＨ１０．０的ＮＨ３－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ缓冲溶液中于－１．１８Ｖ产生灵敏的极谱还原波，导数波高与金浓度在０．５￣１２０μｇ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系。方法应用于矿样（经泡塑分离富集）中金的测定，结果满意，研究了极谱波性质，证实了其为吸皮，电极反应不可逆。求得电极反应中电子转移数及质子转移数均为２。     

(S)-2-烷基-四氢吡咯[1,2-e]咪唑-1,3-二酮的合成

从L-脯氨酸出发,经三步简单反应制得一种咪唑烷酮衍生物(S)-2-烷基-四氢吡咯[1,2-e]咪唑-1,3-二酮,并通过1 H NMR、13 C NMR、MS等方法对中间产物和目标产物的结构进行了表征,通过X-射线单晶衍射分析确定了(S)-2-环己基-四氢吡咯[1,2-e]咪唑-1,3-二酮的晶体结构.     

Synthesis and application of poly(fluorene-alt-naphthalene diimide) as an n-type polymer for all-polymer solar cells

A new alternating copolymer of fluorene and naphthalene diimide, PF-NDI, was synthesized and characterized. The highest power conversion efficiency of all-polymer solar cells based on P3HT:PF-NDI reached 1.63% with a relatively high fill factor of 0.66 by using 1,8-diiodooctane as a solvent additive to optimize the mixing morphology.     

CuCoO2 Nanoparticles as a Nanoprotease for Selective Proteolysis with High Efficiency at Room Temperature

Many nanoproteases contain tetravalent metal ions and catalyze peptide-bond hydrolysis only at high temperature (60 °C). Here, we report a new and effective strategy to explore nanoproteases from nanoparticles containing low valent metal ions. We found that flower-like CuCoO₂ nanoparticles (CuCoO₂ NPs) containing low valent Cu⁺ possessed excellent catalytic activity towards selective cleavage of peptide bonds with hydrophobic residues in bovine serum albumin (BSA) at room temperature. CuCoO₂ NPs exhibited excellent stability and had great reusability. CuCoO₂ NPs also hydrolyzed heat-denatured and surfactant-denatured BSA. Mechanism analysis revealed that the high Lewis acidity of Co³⁺ and the low valence of Cu⁺ were both essential for the high protease activity of CuCoO₂ NPs. The flower-like structure of CuCoO₂ NPs and the strong nucleophilicity of Cu⁺-bound hydroxyl endow them with excellent catalytic performance. The findings open a new way for the design and discovery of high-efficiency nanoproteases.