Synthesis and electrochemical properties of graphene-SnS2 nanocomposites for lithium-ion batteries

Graphene-SnS₂ nanocomposites were prepared via a solvothermal method with different loading of SnS₂. The nanostructure and morphology of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD patterns revealed that hexagonal SnS₂ was obtained. SEM and TEM results indicated that SnS₂ particles distributed homogeneously on graphene sheets. The electrochemical properties of the samples as active anode materials for lithium-ion batteries were examined by constant current charge–discharge cycling. The composite with weight ratio between graphene and SnS₂ of 1:4 had the highest rate capability among all the samples and its reversible capacity after 50 cycles was 351 mAh/g, which was much higher than that of the pure SnS₂ (23 mAh/g). With graphene as conductive matrix, homogeneous distribution of SnS₂ nanoparticles can be ensured and volume changes of the nanoparticles during the charge and discharge processes can be accomodated effectively, which results in good electrochemical performance of the composites.     

多流体多次注射成型HDPE制品的结晶形态

通过自主设计的多流体多次注射成型装置研究二次剪切应力场和复杂温度场对高密度聚乙烯晶体形态发展的影响.用偏光显微镜(PLM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了多流体多次注射成型(multi-fluid multi-injection molding,MFMIM)和传统注射成型(conventional injection ...     

重组蛋白A亲和填料的制备及其性能评价

为了获得一种优良的抗体纯化介质,制备了重组金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白A(rProtein A)亲和填料,并考察了所制备的亲和填料的纯化性能。利用自行构建的rProtein A工程菌,经诱导表达、纯化获得rProtein A纯品,将其偶联到经环氧氯丙烷活化的Sepharose 4 Fast Flow凝胶上,得到rProtein A亲和填料,并使用兔抗尿酸氧化酶抗体对该填料的性能进行验证。结果显示,在自制的rProtein A亲和填料上rProtein A浓度为1.5×10~4 mol/L。采用Scatchard模型分析,得到其解离常数和最大表观吸附量分别为2.28×10~7 mol/L和20.697 g/L,说明制得的rProtein A亲和填料对抗体有很好的结合能力。将该填料于0.1 mol/L NaOH溶液中浸泡1 h,其色谱性能未见变化。将该填料用于纯化兔抗体,湿胶结合抗体量可达19 mg/mL;一步柱色谱即可得到电泳纯度的抗体样品,回收率高于96%。本研究为rProtein A亲和填料的国产化奠定了基础。     

基于ZnO薄膜的高次谐波体声波谐振器的研究

基于ZnO作压电层和蓝宝石作基底的高次谐波体声波谐振器(HBAR),采用不同电极材料和溅射方法进行优化。优化选定镀铬-金/氧化锌/铬-金/蓝宝石结构。对制备的器件进行了测试分析,结果显示,具有多模谐振特性的HBAR器件在2.87GHz Q值达到43000。根据一维Mason等效电路模型,HBAR器件还进行了理论仿真,结果表明理论结果与实测值基本一致。     

Ultrathin Planar Microlens Arrays Based on Geometric Metasurface

Ascribing to the properties of two dimensional parallel focusing and imaging, low propagation loss, integration and miniaturization, microlens array has been widely used in imaging, optical communication, organic light emitting devices, adaptive optics, photolithography, biomedical and other applications. However, the existing traditional microlens array suffers from difficulty in fabrication, large‐thickness, curved surface, non‐uniformity of light spots, or requirement of additional discrete components to control the microlens. Herein, a planar microlens array is experimentally demonstrated based on the geometric metasurface. The single microlens is composed of space‐variant subwavelength metallic gratings with high polarization conversion efficiency and thus exhibits gradient phase distribution. The focused spot diameter of 22.5 μm with radius of 350 μm, focal length of 1 cm and the light spots intensity uniformity of 0.9885 (standard deviation 0.0115) at the focal plane are obtained. Moreover, the broadband property of microlens array is also confirmed. The novel design strategy for microlens array would facilitate the miniaturization of optical devices and be easily integrated in the optical interconnected devices.     

In-situ growth of Co<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> nanoparticles on mesoporous carbon nanofibers: a new nanocomposite for nonenzymatic amperometric sensing of H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>2</Subscript>

The paper describes a nonenzymatic amperometric H₂O₂ sensor that uses a nanocomposite consisting of Co₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) and mesoporous carbon nanofibers (Co₃O₄-MCNFs). The Co₃O₄ NPs were grown in situ on the MCNFs by a solvothermal procedure. The synergetic combination of the electrocatalytic activity of the Co₃O₄ NPs and the electrical conductivity of MCNFs as an immobilization matrix enhance the sensing ability of the hybrid nanostructure. The oxidation current, best measured at 0.2 V (vs. SCE) is linear in the 1 to 2580 μM H₂O₂ concentration range, with a 0.5 μM lower detection limit (at an S/N ratio of 3). The sensor is highly selective even in the presence of common electroactive interferents. It was applied to the determination of H₂O₂ in spiked milk samples.

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Graphical abstract Schematic of the synthesis of a nanocomposite consisting of Co₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) and mesoporous carbon nanofibers (Co₃O₄-MCNFs) by a solvothermal procedure. It was used as electrocatalyst for direct oxidation of H₂O₂.

     

Tuning Mass Transport in Electrocatalysis Down to Sub-5 nm through Nanoscale Grade Separation

Nano and single-atom catalysis open new possibilities of producing green hydrogen (H₂) by water electrolysis. However, for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) which occurs at a characteristic reaction rate proportional to the potential, the fast generation of H₂ nanobubbles at atomic-scale interfaces often leads to the blockage of active sites. Herein, a nanoscale grade-separation strategy is proposed to tackle mass-transport problem by utilizing ordered three-dimensional (3d) interconnected sub-5 nm pores. The results reveal that 3d criss-crossing mesopores with grade separation allow efficient diffusion of H₂ bubbles along the interconnected channels. After the support of ultrafine ruthenium (Ru), the 3d mesopores are on a superior level to two-dimensional system at maximizing the catalyst performance and the obtained Ru catalyst outperforms most of the other HER catalysts. This work provides a potential route to fine-tuning few-nanometer mass transport during water electrolysis.     

V2O5@TiO2 composite as cathode material for lithium-ion storage with excellent performance

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - V2O5 is a promising candidate for cathode active material for Li-ion batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity but suffers from poor rate...     

Tunable Optical Hooks in the Visible Band Based on Ultra-Thin Metalenses

Optical hook, a kind of curved high-intensity light beam, has aroused tremendous interests during the past several years, and its experimental observation has been reported in the terahertz band. The existing approaches to generate such beams depend on the effect of “curved photonic nanojet” stemming from transparent and symmetry breaking high-index dielectric slab, and thus are restricted by the limited material selection, large device footprint, and fixed trajectory. Herein, the generation of photonic hooks in the visible band based on ultra-thin metalenses is reported. The strategy can overcome the limitations mentioned above and the photonic hook can be easily tuned by changing the incidence angle or wavelength. Such flexibility is likely to widen the future applications of such unique beam in particle trapping, optical tweezers, and superresolution imaging.