Langmuir-Blodgett self-assembly and electrochemical catalytic property of FePt magnetic nano-monolayer

Dispersed-well FePt nanoparticles with particle size ~5 nm have been prepared by hydrazine hydrate reduction of H₂PtCl₆·6H₂O and FeCl₂·4H₂O in ethanol–water system. By employing as-synthesized FePt nanoparticles, the monolayer can be formed by LB Technique. The structural, magnetic properties and electrochemical properties of FePt monolayer were respectively studied by XRD, TEM, VSM and CHI 820 electrochemical workstation. The as-synthesized particle has a chemically disordered fcc structure and can be transformed into chemically ordered fct structure after annealing treatment above 400°C. The coercivity of ordered fct FePt phase can be up to 2515Oe. CVs of 0.5 M H₂SO₄/0.5M CH₃OH on GCE modified with FePt nanoparticles monolayer films illustrate that the as-synthesized FePt is a kind of active electrochemical catalyst.     

Phase Transition and High Piezoactivity of Sb Doped （Na0.53K0.435Li0.035）Nb0.94Ta0.06 O3 Lead-Free Ceramics

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with the composition of （Na0.53K0.435Li0.035）Nb0.94Ta0.06 O3 （NKLNST） axe synthesized by a conventional solid-state sintering process. An MPB-like region between orthorhombic and pseudocubic phases is found in this system. The density, piezoelectric and dielectric properties axe enhanced greatly in this region. A composition （Na0.53K0.435Li0.035）（Nb0.94Ta0.06）O3 is found to have excellent electrical properties： d33 = 320pC/N, kp= 49% and kt =43%, as well as relatively low loss, tan δ=4.2%, and high relative density higher than 96%, which indicate that this ceramics is a promising lead-free piezoceramics replacing for lead zirconate titanate.     

改进正则化正交匹配追踪波达方向估计方法

针对稀疏阵列模型下匹配追踪波达方向估计方法稳定性不足的问题,提出了改进的正则化正交匹配追踪波达方向估计方法——TROMPDOA(T-transform Regularized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit Directions of Arrival Estimation).仿真表明,TROMPDOA方法在计算复杂度上与原有正交匹配追踪波达方向估计方法OMPDOA(Orthogonal Matching Pursuit Directions of Arrival Estimation)相近,但在估计稳定性上要优于OMPDOA方法,特别是在低信噪比及信号源之间的角度较近时,TROMPDOA方法比OMPDOA方法稳定性提高1倍.实验验证了TROMPDOA方法适用于单元和多元目标估计,估计精度达到1.5°.     

Demonstrating nonlocality-induced teleportation through Majorana bound states in a semiconductor nanowire

It was predicted by Tewari et al. (2008) [15] that a teleportation-like electron transfer phenomenon is one of the novel consequences of the existence of Majorana fermion, because of the inherently nonlocal nature. In this work we consider a concrete realization and measurement scheme for this interesting behavior, based on a setup consisting of a pair of quantum dots which are tunnel-coupled to a semiconductor nanowire and are jointly measured by two point-contact detectors. We analyze the teleportation dynamics in the presence of measurement back-action and discuss how the teleportation events can be identified from the current trajectories of strong response detectors.     

Modeling red coral (Corallium rubrum) and African snail (Helixia aspersa) shell pigments: Raman spectroscopy versus DFT studies

Pigments from red coral (Corallium rubrum) and African snail (Helixia aspersa) shell were studied non‐invasively using Raman spectroscopy with 1064‐nm laser beam. The two observed bands because of organic pigments confined in biomineralized CaCO₃ matrix at about 1500 and 1100 cm⁻¹ were assigned to ν(CC) and ν(C―C), respectively. Both signals originate from polyene(s) of largely unknown structure, containing several conjugated CC bonds. The small peak at 1016 cm⁻¹ in the Raman spectrum of coral pigment was assigned to in‐plane ―CH₃ rocking or structural deformation of polyene chain because of spatial confinement in the mineral matrix. The organic pigments in red coral and snail shell were present in inorganic matrix containing aragonite (shell) and calcite (coral). In addition, using Raman spectroscopy, it was observed that aragonite was replaced by calcite as result of healing damaged parts of snail shell. This is an important finding which indicates a great potential of nondestructive Raman spectroscopy instead of X‐ray technique, as a diagnostic tool in environmental studies. To support analysis of the observed Raman spectra detailed calculations using density functional theory (DFT with B3LYP and BLYP density functionals) on structure and vibrations of model all‐trans polyenes were undertaken. DFT calculated CC and C―C stretching frequencies for all‐trans polyenes containing from 2 to 14 CC units were compared with the observed ν(CC) and ν(C―C) band positions of the studied coral and shell. Individual correction factors were used to better match theoretical wavenumbers with observed band positions in red coral and African snail. It was concluded that all‐trans polyene pigments of red coral and dark parts of African snail shell contain 11–12 and 14 CC double bond units, respectively. However, Raman spectroscopy cannot produce any clear information on the presence and nature of the end‐chain substituents in the studied pigments. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于小波变换的体内外酒精含量近红外光谱检测与分析

应用小波分析对体外和体内的酒精近红外光谱信号进行去噪分析,通过体外光谱分析确定酒精吸收峰特征范围,为体内近红外光谱分析确定有效区间。软阈值和硬阈值下,分别采用缺省阈值、Birge-Massart阈值和最大最小值阈值,比较酒精光谱去噪,信噪比(signal noise ratio,SNR)和均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)去噪效果。结果表明:缺省硬阈值方法对酒精近红外光谱去噪的效果较好;小波变换可以有效去除酒精近红外光谱的噪声,提高信噪比,保留有用真实信号。在不同的酒精浓度下,去噪后的近红外光谱能够较好的显示浓度变化规律。小波分析在近红外光谱法对人体酒精无创检测及定量分析方面有较好的应用前景。     

脉管制冷用于低温超导磁体冷却的可行性分析

采用制冷机直接冷却的低温超导磁体系统与传统液氮冷却方式相比，具有轻便紧凑、运行简单、维护方便、可长时间连续运行等优点；而脉管制冷由于冷端无运动部件，与传统的G-M制冷机相比，具有结构简单、运行可靠、振动小等优点．本文结合我们在液氮温区脉管制冷方面的技术，从漏热和经济性两方面探讨了将脉管制冷直接用于冷却一个5特斯拉NbTi低温超导磁体的可行性，为后期系统的搭建奠定基础．     

尘埃粒子计数器中光源对传感器光通量的影响分析

在Mie散射理论基础上，由单分散射的光强表达式导出在偏振光的入射条件下一定立体角内的散射光通量的表达式，并与自然光入射作比较。计算了在相同强度不同光源入射下，尘埃粒子计数器的两种常用散射光收集系统收集的散射光通量。结果表明：采用近前向散射光收集系统得到的光通量相等；而采用直角方向散射光收集系统时两者并不相等，且在平面偏振光入射时，收集的散射光通量还跟探测器中心与入射光偏振方向夹角有关。用MATLAB编程计算，得出了在探测器中心与偏振方向的夹角成90°或270°位置时，收集的散射光通量有极值的结论，为激光尘埃计数器传感器光学设计提供了依据。     

低温大试样热胀系数测试

本介绍了用熔融石英引伸法测量硬质材料热胀系数的简便装置,并给出了试样在液氦温区到室温的测量结果,数据的一致性以及与已有献数据比较取得了不错的结果．     

Y系超导螺管储能磁体的优化设计

磁体结构的好坏将直接关系到磁体的制造成本以及磁体能否正常运行.在磁体结构的优化设计中,选定磁体的体积为目标函数,在满足磁体储能,符合超导材料的B～J特性,尽量减小漏磁等条件下,使目标函数达到最小.文章选定新一带超导涂层导体YBCO为SMES线圈的制造材料,分析了Y系带材的材料特性,并采用大型有限元仿真软件ANSYS和磁体优化中常用的算法-模拟退火算法(simulated annealing)对SMES线圈进行优化仿真分析,得出最优的磁体结构.