基于伪模态转换的红外目标融合检测算法

为提高红外图像目标检测的精度和实时性,提出一种基于伪模态转换的红外目标融合检测算法.首先,利用双循环的生成对抗网络无需训练图像场景匹配的优势,获取红外图像所对应的伪可见光图像;然后,构建残差网络对双模态图像进行特征提取,并采取add叠加方式对特征向量进行融合,利用可见光图像丰富的语义信息来弥补红外图像目标信息的缺失,从而提高检测精度;最后,考虑到目标检测效率问题,采用YOLOv3单阶段检测网络对双模态目标进行三个尺度的预测,并利用逻辑回归模型对目标进行分类.实验结果表明,该算法能够有效地提高目标检测准确率.     

介质材料二次电子发射特性对微波击穿的影响

以介质填充的平行板放电结构为例,本文主要研究了介质填充后微波低气压放电和微放电的物理过程.为了探究介质材料特性对微波低气压放电和微放电阈值的影响,本文采用自主研发的二次电子发射特性测量装置,测量了7种常见介质材料的二次电子发射系数和二次电子能谱.依据二次电子发射过程中介质表面正带电的稳定条件,计算了介质材料稳态表面电位与二次电子发射系数以及能谱参数的关系.在放电结构中引入与表面电位相应的等效直流电场后,依据电子扩散模型和微放电中电子谐振条件,分别探讨了介质表面稳态表面电位的大小对微波低气压放电和微放电阈值的影响.结果表明,介质材料的二次电子发射系数以及能谱参数越大,介质材料的稳态表面电位也越大,对应的微波低气压放电和微放电阈值也越大.所得结论对于填充介质的选择有一定的理论指导价值.     

Optical Trapping with Focused Surface Waves

Near-field optical trapping can be realized with focused evanescent waves that are excited at the water–glass interface due to the total internal reflection, or with focused plasmonic waves excited on the water–gold interface. Herein, the performance of these two kinds of near-field optical trapping techniques is compared using the same optical microscope configuration. Experimental results show that only a single-micron polystyrene bead can be trapped by the focused evanescent waves, whereas many beads are simultaneously attracted to the center of the excited region by focused plasmonic waves. This difference in trapping behavior is analyzed from the electric field intensity distributions of these two kinds of focused surface waves and the difference in trapping behavior is attributed to photothermal effects due to the light absorption by the gold film.     

Entropic uncertainty relation in neutrino oscillations

The European Physical Journal C - We study the isentropic evolution of the matter produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions for various values of the entropy-per-baryon ratio of interest for...     

A solvent-governed surface state strategy for rational synthesis of N and S co-doped carbon dots with multicolour fluorescence

ABSTRACT

Multicolour emissive carbon dots (CDs) are widely investigated by virtue of their merits on fluorescent properties. Method on heteroatom doping assisted with various solvents has been proved efficient in achieving multiple-colour-emissive CDs, especially long-wavelength emission. Herein, a synthesis of multicolour-emissive CDs by controlled surface function is reported. By tuning the thermal-pyrolysis temperature and molar ratio of reactants, optimal emission of the resulted CDs gradually shifts from blue to yellow light with the assistance of different solvents. According to the emissive relationship dependent on excitation, fluorescence lifetimes, and FT-IR of these CDs, the different surface states participated with S and N elements on the surface of carbogenic core govern fluorescent colours of the CDs. In terms of the applications, blue CDs (B-CDs) exhibits high sensitivity for ion detections of Ag⁺ and Fe³⁺, which is further illustrated to have different quenching mechanisms each other because that these ions have the affinity interaction with different surface groups of the CDs. Moreover, blue and yellow CDs solutions are mixed with PVP water solution to fabricate white-light CDs/PVP film, which exhibits stable fluorescence with a CIE coordinate of (0.32, 0.33) and endows these CDs as potentially fluorescent nanomaterial in the solid state lighting field.     

新型稀磁半导体Fe掺杂LiZnP的光电性质

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算法研究了新型稀磁半导体Li_(1±)_y(Zn_(1-)_xFe_x)P (x=0, 0.0625;y=0, 0.0625)的电子结构、磁性及光学性质.结果表明,Fe的掺入使体系产生自旋极化杂质带,Fe的3d态与Li2s态,Zn4s态以及P3p态的态密度峰在费米能级处出现重叠,产生sp-d轨道杂化,此时体系净磁矩最大,材料表现出金属性,导电性增强.当Li空位时,导电性减弱,但杂质带宽度最大,居里温度最高.而Li填隙时,体系形成能最低,材料变为半金属性,表现为100%自旋注入,表明掺杂体系的磁性和电性可以分别通过Fe的掺入和Li的含量进行调控.对比光学性质发现,Li空位时,在介电函数虚部和复折射率函数的低能区出现新峰,扩大了对低频电磁波的吸收范围.能量损失函数表明掺杂体系具有明显的蓝移效应,且Li填隙时有更强的等离子共振频率.     

制备工艺对多孔阳极氧化铝特性的影响

通过对草酸溶液中制备的多孔阳极氧化铝(PAA)的形貌、晶态结构和光致发光(PL)特性的表征和机理分析,研究了草酸电解液浓度、阳极氧化电压和退火等丁艺对PAA的形成及特性的影响.PAA的孔径在50～120 nm之间,且随着阳极氧化电压的升高而增大,而受电解液浓度的影响较小.X射线衍射结果表明:PAA为非晶态结构,退火之后结晶,并有多相共存.PL测试表明PAA在375～500 nm之间有一较宽的蓝色发光带,发光峰在425 nm左右,是由氧空位引起的,且其峰强可通过改变阳极氧化电压和草酸浓度等参数来调制.     

双波长比值光谱差异度指数用于人体舌苔舌质分离

舌苔舌质信息定量描述作为中医舌诊的重要内容,直接影响到中医临床舌诊的准确性。基于生物医学光子学理论,利用高光谱技术,提出一种基于双波长比值光谱差异度指数进行人体舌质舌苔分离的光谱分析新方法。首先采集被测对象371.200～992.956 nm之间共343个波长的舌体高光谱信息,随机选取15位被测对象进行光谱特征分析。绘制15位被测对象舌质舌苔全波段光谱曲线并进行比较,通过观察发现,舌质舌苔反射光特征差异与血红蛋白在该波段的光学特征变化相吻合,在500～750 nm之间,水对光的吸收很少,而舌体表面布满血管,光的吸收主要受到血红蛋白的影响,基于舌质舌苔在573和700 nm两波段光谱吸收差异,计算双波长比值,提取舌质舌苔光谱特征差异度指数,根据个体差异,分别提取不同被测对象舌质舌苔光谱特征差异指标,进行舌质舌苔区域分离,实验结果发现,对同一被测对象舌体苔质提取光谱差异度指数SDI,舌苔舌质光谱差异度指数存在一定差异性,由于个体的不同,具有各自明显的舌质、舌体差异度指数分割线,实验结果表明,运用双波长比值光谱差异度指数的光学表达形式能够用于舌质舌苔分离,同时该方法也能够为进一步中医临床舌诊提供客观依据。     

克尔效应导致的鬼像位置移动

在近轴条件下,利用矩阵光学的方法研究了高功率高斯光束通过不同光学元件时,克尔效应导致的介质折射率的变化对鬼像位置的影响.计算了单个双凸透镜,单个双凹透镜以及4F系统中反射光线形成的低阶鬼像的位置移动,并将鬼像位置移动的规律表示为入射光束束腰和峰值光强的函数.     

中物院远红外自由电子激光实验研究

中国工程物理研究院基于射频直线加速器技术的远红外自由电子激光(FIR-FEL)实验取得阶段性进展,于2005年3月24晚8时30分首次出光, 并多次重复. 中心波长115μm, 谱宽1%.介绍了实验系统的主要组成部分和主要实验结果.