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501.
The use of N-bromosuccinimide as a catalyst promoted the synthesis of polycyclic indolo[2,3-b]quinoline derivatives in good to high yields in the reactions of various aryl amines with indole-3-carbaldehyde at room temperature under mild conditions. 相似文献
502.
Xiao K Yoon M Rondinone AJ Payzant EA Geohegan DB 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2012,134(35):14353-14361
The deterministic growth of oriented crystalline organic nanowires (CONs) from the vapor-solid chemical reaction (VSCR) between small-molecule reactants and metal nanoparticles has been demonstrated in several studies to date; however, the growth mechanism has not yet been conclusively understood. Here, the VSCR growth of M-TCNQF(4) (where M is Cu- or Ag-) nanowires is investigated both experimentally and theoretically with time-resolved, in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and first-principles atomistic calculations, respectively, to understand how metals (M) direct the assembly of small molecules into CONs, and what determines the selectivity of a metal for an organic vapor reactant in the growth process. Analysis of the real-time growth kinetics data using a modified Avrami model indicates that the formation of CONs from VSCR follows a one-dimensional ion diffusion-controlled tip growth mechanism wherein metal ions diffuse from a metal film through the nanowire to its tip where they react with small molecules to continue growth. The experimental data and theoretical calculations indicate that the selectivity of different metals to induce nanowire growth depends strongly upon effective charge transfer between the organic molecules and the metal. Specifically, the experimental finding that Cu ions can exchange and replace Ag ions in Ag-TCNQF(4) to form Cu-TCNQF(4) nanowires is explained by the significantly stronger chemical bond between Cu and TCNQF(4) molecules than for Ag, due to the strong electronic contribution of Cu d-orbitals near the Fermi level. Understanding how to control the VSCR growth process may enable the synthesis of novel organic nanowires with axial or coaxial p/n junctions for organic nanoelectronics and solar energy harvesting. 相似文献
503.
504.
Hoorfar M Kurz MA Policova Z Hair ML Neumann AW 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2006,22(1):52-56
It has been reported in the literature that sugars such as dextrose and sucrose increase the surface tension of water. The effect was interpreted as a depletion of the solute molecules from the water-air interface. This paper presents accurate measurements of the surface tension of different concentrations of dextrose solution as well as its polymer (i.e., dextran). An automated drop shape technique called axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA) was used for the surface tension determination. The surface tension measurement is presented as a function of a shape parameter, P(s), which has been used to quantify the range of the applicability of ADSA. The results of the above study show that dextrose solutions decrease the surface tension of water in contradiction to the results obtained from the weight drop method in the literature. The surface tension decreases continuously with increasing concentration. A similar effect was observed for the dextran solutions. To verify that the setup and the methodology are capable of accurately measuring increases in surface tension, a similar experiment was conducted with a sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 1 M. It is well-known that electrolyte solutions, e.g., sodium chloride, increase the surface tension of water. The results obtained from ADSA verify that the sodium chloride increases the surface tension of water by 1.6 mJ/m(2). It is concluded that dextrose and dextran decrease the surface tension of water. Thus, there is no evidence of depletion. To identify the sources of discrepancy between the results of ADSA and those reported in the literature, the experiments were repeated for different concentrations and the rate of drop formation using the drop weight method. It was found that the rate of drop formation is most likely the source of error in the results reported in the literature. 相似文献
505.
Vibrational spectrum of vinyl chloride cation in the first excited electronic state, A2 A', was obtained by one-photon mass-analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) spectroscopy. Use of an improved vacuum ultraviolet radiation source based on four-wave sum frequency mixing in Hg resulted in excellent sensitivity for the MATI signals. From the MATI spectrum, the ionization energy to the A2 A' state of the cation was determined to be 11.6667 +/- 0.0006 eV. Nearly complete vibrational assignment for the MATI peaks was possible by utilizing the vibrational frequencies and Franck-Condon factors calculated at the DFT and TDDFT/B3LYP levels with the 6-311++G(3df,3pd) basis set. Geometry of the cation in the A2 A' state was determined by Franck-Condon fitting of the MATI spectrum. 相似文献
506.
The structures, stabilities, thermodynamic quantities, dissociation energies, infrared spectra, and electronic properties of CsF hydrated by water molecules are investigated by using density functional theory, M?ller-Plesset second-order perturbation theory (MP2), coupled cluster theory with singles, doubles, and perturbative triples excitations (CCSD(T)), and ab initio molecular dynamic (AIMD) simulations. It is revealed that at 0 K three water molecules (as a global minimum structure) begin to half-dissociate the Cs-F, and six water molecules (though not a global minimum energy structure) can dissociate it. By the combination of the accurate CCSD(T) conformational energies for Cs(H2O)6 at 0 K with the AIMD thermal energy contribution, it reveals that the half-dissociated structure is the most stable at 0 K, but this structure (which is still the most stable) changes to the dissociated structure above 50 K. The spectra of CsF(H2O)(1-6) from MP2 calculations and the power spectra of CsF(H2O)6 from 50 and 100 K AIMD simulations are also reported. 相似文献
507.
Farnaz Jafarpour Nafiseh Jalalimanesh Mina Barzegar Amiri Olia Asieh Otaredi Kashani 《Tetrahedron》2010,66(49):9508-9511
A simple and highly efficient protocol with mild reaction conditions has been developed that allows the smooth protiodecarboxylation of diversely functionalized coumarin-3-carboxylic acids. In the presence of catalytic amounts of Ag2CO3 and acetic acid, even un-activated coumarin-3-carboxylic acids were converted in good to excellent yields and with great preparative ease to the corresponding coumarin derivatives. 相似文献
508.
The effects of lattice vibration on the thermodynamics of nanosized coherent clusters in bcc-Fe consisting of vacancies and/or copper are investigated within the harmonic approximation. A combination of on-lattice simulated annealing based on Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations and off-lattice relaxation by molecular dynamics is applied to obtain the most stable cluster configurations at T = 0 K. The most recent interatomic potential built within the framework of the embedded-atom method for the Fe-Cu system is used. The total free energy of pure bcc-Fe and fcc-Cu as well as the total formation free energy and the total binding free energy of the vacancy-copper clusters are determined for finite temperatures. Our results are compared with the available data from previous investigations performed using many-body interatomic potentials and first-principles methods. For further applications in rate theory and object kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, the vibrational effects evaluated in the present study are included in the previously developed analytical fitting formulae. 相似文献
509.
Quentin Lefebvre Mina Bocu Christophe Giorgiutti Thomas C. Fessard 《Helvetica chimica acta》2023,106(4):e202200189
Bicycloalkanes are well-known isosteres of alkynes and aromatic rings and their use in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug discovery has been on the rise in the past ten years. Herein, we report the modular and practical synthesis of bicycloalkane-containing fragments using nickel-photoredox catalysis. The comparison of their relevant physical-chemical properties with their aromatic counterparts shows a substantial improvement in LogP and aqueous solubility for bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane derivatives, but not for bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives. 相似文献
510.