全文获取类型
收费全文 | 568篇 |
免费 | 11篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 365篇 |
晶体学 | 8篇 |
力学 | 32篇 |
数学 | 40篇 |
物理学 | 137篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 12篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 25篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 19篇 |
2013年 | 20篇 |
2012年 | 16篇 |
2011年 | 21篇 |
2010年 | 18篇 |
2009年 | 32篇 |
2008年 | 27篇 |
2007年 | 25篇 |
2006年 | 23篇 |
2005年 | 13篇 |
2004年 | 16篇 |
2003年 | 22篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 22篇 |
2000年 | 10篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1972年 | 7篇 |
1971年 | 5篇 |
1970年 | 7篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1954年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有582条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
31.
Rearrangements of cyclopentadienyl cyanates,isocyanates and their thio-,seleno-, and telluro-analogs
Dushenko G. A. Mikhailova O. I. Mikhailov I. E. Minyaev R. M. Minkin V. I. 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2009,58(8):1713-1723
Dynamic NMR spectroscopy revealed that pentaphenylcyclopentadienyl isoselenocyanate undergoes reversible hetero-Cope rearrangement
(ΔG
≠
408 K ∼ 22 kcal mol−1, C6D5CD3) giving isomeric selenocyanate in which 1,5-sigmatropic shifts of the SeCN group along the perimeter of the cyclopentadiene
ring occur (ΔG
≠
298 K = 16.7 kcal mol−1, C6D5CD3). On the contrary, pentaphenylcyclopentadienyl iso(thio)cyanates Ph5C5NCO and Ph5C5NCS are structurally rigid compounds on the NMR time scale. The energy barrier to the 3,3-shift of the isoselenocyanate group
in pentaphenylcyclopentadienyl derivative Ph5C5NCSe (ΔG
298 K
≠ = 17.9 kcal mol−1) caclulated using the B3LYP/6-31G** method is 7.6 kcal mol−1 lower than for the unsubstituted analog H5C5NCSe. 相似文献
32.
D. Mikhailova H. Ehrenberg D. Trots G. Brey H. Fuess 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2009,182(6):1506-951
Mixed chromium-rhenium oxides, CrxRe1−xO2 with 0.31?x?0.66, have been synthesized for the first time by high-pressure high-temperature synthesis and in evacuated quartz tubes. The crystal structures of the compounds have been determined by single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. Depending on synthesis conditions (pressure and temperature) these phases crystallize either in a tetragonal structure (P42/mnm) with statistical distribution of metal ions on one site (rutile-type), with cation ordering along c-axis (trirutile-type), or in a monoclinic rutile-like structure (C2/m) with ordering of Cr- and Re-cations and metallic Re-Re bonds. The “a” parameter of the tetragonal unit cell increases with increasing Re content whereas the “c” parameter decreases, indicating a strengthening of the Re-Re bond. The thermal stability of tetragonal CrxRe1−xO2 in Ar-atmosphere depends on the Re-content, decomposition is observed at 1241 K for x=0.34, but already at 966 K for x=0.5. The thermal expansion of CrxRe1−xO2 is anisotropic with a larger expansion coefficient in the “c” direction. Tetragonal CrxRe1−xO2 with 0.31?x<0.54 order antiferromagnetically at low temperatures with TN depending on the Cr-content x. 相似文献
33.
WILLIAM T. SLAVEN IV CHAO-JUN LI YI-PING CHEN VIJAY T. JOHN SUGUNA H. RACHAKONDA 《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(7-8):971-980
ABSTRACT A high molecular weight poly(aryleneethynylene) (Mw ~ 60,000) is prepared by the palladium catalyzed copolymerization of 3,5-diiodobenzoic acid and acetylene gas in a basic aqueous medium. The polymer has a “zig-zag”, fully conjugated backbone. The polymer has been characterized by a variety of methods and exhibits high thermal stability. Furthermore, the polymer is readily soluble in aqueous base and is reversibly switchable from the solution state to a hydrogel state, in water, by changing the pH of the solvent. 相似文献
34.
This paper deals with the mechanisms of localization of Franck-Condon vibronic coupling of πσ*- or πlπ*-orbital type in a few vibrational modes, (LVM) in excited electronic states of polyatomic molecules. The analysis of vibronic
coupling uses highly symmetric basis sets (for representing MO structures and normal coordinates ξR) as well as simplified models that relate the shift ΔR of the electron potential minima along the normal coordinates to the MO structure and to ξR in the form of analytical expressions. The modes that are active in LVM are determined from the experimental luminescence
spectra. These ideas about approximately high local symmetry of vibronic coupling in benzene fragments as well as the estimates
of ΔR depending on variations in the MO structure explain the experimental results.
L. Ya. Karpov Physicochemical Scientific Research Institute. Translated fromZhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 286–291, March–April, 1995.
Translated by L. Smolina 相似文献
35.
Arseniy A. Lobov Natalia M. Yudintceva Alexey G. Mittenberg Sergey V. Shabelnikov Natalia A. Mikhailova Anna B. Malashicheva Mikhail G. Khotin 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2020,25(22)
Secretome of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is actively used in biomedical applications such as alveolar bone regeneration, treatment of cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders. Nevertheless, hMSCs have low proliferative potential and production of the industrial quantity of their secretome might be challenging. Human fetal multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (FetMSCs) isolated from early human embryo bone marrow are easy to expand and might be a potential source for pharmaceutical substances production based on their secretome. However, the secretome of FetMSCs was not previously analyzed. Here, we describe the secretome of FetMSCs using LC-MALDI shotgun proteomics. We identified 236 proteins. Functional annotation of the identified proteins revealed their involvement in angiogenesis, ossification, regulation of apoptosis, and immune response processes, which made it promising for biomedical applications. The proteins identified in the FetMSCs secretome are involved in the same biological processes as proteins from previously described adult hMSCs secretomes. Nevertheless, many of the common hMSCs secretome components (such as VEGF, FGF, Wnt and TGF-β) have not been identified in the FetMSCs secretome. 相似文献
36.
Previously studied reactions of aluminum(III) with Xylenol Orange and of cobalt(III) with nitroso-R salt in weakly acidic solutions were proposed for the simultaneous catalymetric determination of carbonate and borate ions and carbonate and phosphate ions, respectively. It was demonstrated that the mathematical apparatus of two-component spectrophotometry is suitable for processing the results of analysis.Translated from Zhurnal Analiticheskoi Khimii, Vol. 60, No. 1, 2005, pp. 7–10.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Mikhailova, Belikov, Blank. 相似文献
37.
G. A. Dushenko I. E. Mikhailov O. I. Mikhailova R. M. Minyaev V. I. Minkin 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2012,61(9):1681-1688
In terms of the density functional theory using the B3LYP functional, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7-heptaphenylcycloheptatriene was shown to be the most stable in the boat conformation of the cycloheptatriene ring with the H atom in the equatorial position. 1,5-Sigmatropic shifts of the H atom along the seven-membered ring perimeter take place when it is in the axial position through the asymmetric transition state with the barrier ΔE ≠ ZPE = 28.7 kcal mol?1. The H atom can attain the axial position upon inversion of the seven-membered ring, which is accompanied by the orthogonal turn of the phenyl group at the sp3-hybridized C atom (ΔE ≠ ZPE = 22.6 kcal mol?1). The energy barrier to the circular rearrangement of the H atom (ΔE ≠ ZPE = 32.2 kcal mol?1) explains formation of isomers during the high-temperature synthesis of di(p-tolyl)pentaphenylcycloheptatriene. The barrier to the 1,5-sigmatropic shifts of the phenyl group is 19.7 kcal mol?1 higher than that for the competing shifts of the H atom. 相似文献
38.
The phase formation in the system HfO(NO3)2-H3PO4-RbF-H2O was studied along the sections at the molar ratios PO 4 3? /Hf = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 and RbF: Hf = 1?5. The initial solutions contained 2–10 wt % HfO2. The synthesis was performed at room temperature. The following substances were obtained for the first time: crystalline fluorophosphatehafnate RbHfF2PO4 · 0.5H2O, crystalline triple salt HfF4 · Rb(PO4)0.33 · RbNO3, crystalline solvate Rb3Hf3(PO4)5 · 3HF, and amorphous fluorophosphate Hf3O2F2(PO4)2 · 8H2O (formula is conditional). The compounds were studied by crystal-optical, elemental, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, IR spectroscopic, and electron microscopic analyses. 相似文献
39.
N. E. Kotel’nikova S. A. Mikhailova E. N. Vlasova 《Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry》2007,80(2):322-329
Trypsin and α-chymotrypsin were immobilized on a microcrystalline cellulose matrix by adsorption interaction with cellulose. The adsorption of enzymes was determined as a function of their concentration and the pH of solutions. Mechanisms of enzyme binding to functional groups of cellulose were suggested. 相似文献
40.
Nucleation and Growth Synthesis of Siloxane Gels to Form Functional,Monodisperse, and Acoustically Programmable Particles 下载免费PDF全文
C. Wyatt Shields IV Danping Sun Dr. Kennita A. Johnson Korine A. Duval Aura V. Rodriguez Dr. Lu Gao Prof. Paul A. Dayton Prof. Gabriel P. López 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(31):8070-8073
Nucleation and growth methods offer scalable means of synthesizing colloidal particles with precisely specified size for applications in chemical research, industry, and medicine. These methods have been used to prepare a class of silicone gel particles that display a range of programmable properties and narrow size distributions. The acoustic contrast factor of these particles in water is estimated and can be tuned such that the particles undergo acoustophoresis to either the pressure nodes or antinodes of acoustic standing waves. These particles can be synthesized to display surface functional groups that can be covalently modified for a range of bioanalytical and acoustophoretic sorting applications. 相似文献