Facile Construction of 3D Reduced Graphene Oxide Wrapped Ni3S2 Nanoparticles on Ni Foam for High‐Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitor Electrodes

3D reduced graphene oxide (rGO)‐wrapped Ni₃S₂ nanoparticles on Ni foam with porous structure is successfully synthesized via a facile one‐step solvothermal method. This unique structure and the positive synergistic effect between Ni₃S₂ nanoparticles and graphene can greatly improve the electrochemical performance of the NF@rGO/Ni₃S₂ composite. Detailed electrochemical measurements show that the NF@rGO/Ni₃S₂ composite exhibits excellent supercapacitor performance with a high specific capacitance of 4048 mF cm^?2 (816.8 F g^?1) at a current density of 5 mA cm^?2 (0.98 A g^?1), as well as long cycling ability (93.8% capacitance retention after 6000 cycles at a current density of 25 mA cm^?2). A novel aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor is designed using the NF@rGO/Ni₃S₂ composite as positive electrode and nitrogen‐doped graphene as negative electrode. The assembled device displays an energy density of 32.6 W h kg^?1 at a power density of 399.8 W kg^?1, and maintains 16.7 W h kg^?1 at 8000.2 W kg^?1. This outstanding performance promotes the as‐prepared NF@rGO/Ni₃S₂ composite to be ideal electrode materials for supercapacitors.     

透射式能见度仪动态范围扩展方法

提出了一种利用光学衰减片与电机组合,扩展透射式能见度仪动态范围的方法。通过改变加载到LED光源的调制信号的幅度,控制LED光源的发射光强;设计测量系统,选择固定透过率的衰减片;设置合理的系统阈值完成数据测量。对测量数据作拟合分析,结果表明:采用透过率为60%的中性密度衰减片,系统动态范围扩展了0.6倍;透过率为12%时,系统动态范围扩展了6.9倍。同时,通过选择不同透过率的中性密度衰减片,可实现系统动态范围的灵活扩展。     

Effects of Carrier Gas on Carbon Incorporation in GaN

GaN epitaxial layers were grown on Si （111） substrates by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Carbon concentrations in the films grown in different ambients were measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The results show that the carbon incorporation is strongly dependent on the H2 flow rate when the NH3 flow rate is small, but insensitive to the H2 flow rate when the NH3 flow rate is sufficient large. We conclude that H2 can inhibit the dissociation of NH3 and result in a less active N source; an insufficiently active N source causes more N vacancies, which enhances carbon incorporation.     

Quasiprobability distributions of a new kind of even and odd nonlinear coherent states

Using a numerical computational method, quasiprobability distributions of new kinds of even and odd nonlinear coherent states (EONLCS) are investigated. The results show that the distributions of the new even nonlinear coherent states (NLCS) are distinct from those of the new odd NLCS and imply that the new EONLCS always exhibit some different nonclassical effects. Finally, with the aid of newly introduced intermediate coordinate-momentum representation in quantum optics, the tomograms of the new EONLCS are calculated. This is a new way of obtaining the tomogram function.     

0.4 THz回旋行波管的设计与模拟

利用三维粒子模拟仿真软件,对共焦波导结构的0.4 THz回旋行波管进行了注波互作用的模拟研究。以共焦波导的冷腔色散以及衍射损耗入手,最终选定HE06模作为互作用工作模式。为了对寄生振荡进行抑制,在互作用结构中引入了截断。在模拟过程中,通过调节束压、束流、工作磁场、电子束横纵速度比,得到了最优的工作参数。最终,在束压34 kV、磁场14.25、束流2 A、横纵速度比0.75的工作参数下,当输入信号为1 W时,得到了最高2.76 kW的功率输出,增益超过34 dB,3 dB带宽为8 GHz,效率达到4%。     

红外偏振成像对伪装目标的探测识别研究

针对目前普通光电成像系统对伪装目标的探测和识别概率较低的状况,提出伪装目标的探测识别新技术研究。介绍了红外偏振成像系统的原理、组成和特点,研制的中波/长波红外偏振成像装置,其波段范围为3 m ~5 m和8 m~12 m,线偏振度95%,消光比大于100∶1,给出了试验分析数据和偏振融合效果图。研究表明,采用红外偏振成像技术可以有效地实现对地面伪装目标的探测和识别。研究结果还可以扩展到对人工假目标、空中隐身目标等的探测和识别。     

不同应用条件下最佳绝缘子构型

绝缘子的沿面闪络制约着脉冲功率系统向高电压、大电流方向发展,总结了几种实际应用条件下的最佳绝缘子构型,并对不同角度下绝缘子表面的带电情况进行了分析。结果表明,表面电荷对不同绝缘子构型的性能起着至关重要的作用,需要根据不同的应用条件来开展实验研究以确定最佳的绝缘子构型。     

2D parameter optimization of Ne-like Cr x-ray laser on slab

A method of studying a non-equilibrium x-ray laser plasma is developed by extending the existing one-dimensional similarity equations to the case of two-dimensional plasma study in the directions perpendicular to the slab and along a focal line. With this method the characteristics of pre-plasma are optimized for transient neon-like Cr x-ray laser. It is found that when the duration and the intensity of 1.053μm pre-pulse are 1.2ns and 6.5 TW/cm² respectively with a delay time of 1.5ns, the temperature and the temperature discrepancy each approach a proper state, which will provide a uniform distribution of properly ionized neon-like Cr ions before the arrival of pumping pulse.     

Improving histogram-based image contrast enhancement using gray-level information histogram with application to X-ray images

Many applications of histogram-based techniques for the purposes of image enhancement are well known. However, these techniques often fail to produce satisfactory results for a broad variety of low-contrast images (e.g., X-ray images). In this paper, we propose a new form of histogram for image contrast enhancement. The input image is first divided into several equal-sized regions according to the intensities of gradients, their corresponding statistical values of gray levels are then modified respectively, and finally the processed histogram for the whole image is obtained by the summation of all the weighted values of regions. The fundamental characteristic of this new form of histogram is that the amplitudes of its components can objectively reflect the contribution of the gray levels to the representation of image information. Accordingly, this new histogram is called gray-level information histogram. The performance of many histogram-based enhancement techniques might be improved dramatically using the proposed histogram. Testing on the X-ray images validates the effectiveness of the new histogram.