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51.
By using a principle of least energy and a Dugdale surface energy with an irreversibility condition, we build a debonding model of thin films valid both for monotone and cyclic loading. We show that, if the internal length introduced in Dugdale model is small in comparison to the film length, then the growth of the debonding follows Griffith's law under monotone loading and a Paris-type law under cycling loading. To cite this article: A. Jaubert, J.-J. Marigo, C. R. Mecanique 333 (2005). 相似文献
52.
53.
Chad R. Weisbrod Nathan K. Kaiser John E. P. Syka Lee Early Christopher Mullen Jean-Jacques Dunyach A. Michelle English Lissa C. Anderson Greg T. Blakney Jeffrey Shabanowitz Christopher L. Hendrickson Alan G. Marshall Donald F. Hunt 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》2017,28(9):1787-1795
High resolution mass spectrometry is a key technology for in-depth protein characterization. High-field Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) enables high-level interrogation of intact proteins in the most detail to date. However, an appropriate complement of fragmentation technologies must be paired with FTMS to provide comprehensive sequence coverage, as well as characterization of sequence variants, and post-translational modifications. Here we describe the integration of front-end electron transfer dissociation (FETD) with a custom-built 21 tesla FT-ICR mass spectrometer, which yields unprecedented sequence coverage for proteins ranging from 2.8 to 29 kDa, without the need for extensive spectral averaging (e.g., ~60% sequence coverage for apo-myoglobin with four averaged acquisitions). The system is equipped with a multipole storage device separate from the ETD reaction device, which allows accumulation of multiple ETD fragment ion fills. Consequently, an optimally large product ion population is accumulated prior to transfer to the ICR cell for mass analysis, which improves mass spectral signal-to-noise ratio, dynamic range, and scan rate. We find a linear relationship between protein molecular weight and minimum number of ETD reaction fills to achieve optimum sequence coverage, thereby enabling more efficient use of instrument data acquisition time. Finally, real-time scaling of the number of ETD reactions fills during method-based acquisition is shown, and the implications for LC-MS/MS top-down analysis are discussed. 相似文献
54.
Péter Csóka P. Jean-Jacques Herings László Á. Kóczy Miklós Pintér 《European Journal of Operational Research》2011
We generalize exactness to games with non-transferable utility (NTU). A game is exact if for each coalition there is a core allocation on the boundary of its payoff set. 相似文献
55.
Andreatta G Cousty J Benattar JJ 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2011,47(12):3571-3573
The self-assembling properties of surfactant black films are used to obtain sizeable, dense islands of nanoparticles. Using the "Bubble Deposition Method" (BDM) these films are transferred onto solid substrates. The organisation within the islands evolves when the films are allowed to equilibrate before deposition. The results on model gold particles are discussed in terms of line tension. 相似文献
56.
Chevolot Y Zhang J Meyer A Goudot A Rouanet S Vidal S Pourceau G Cloarec JP Praly JP Souteyrand E Vasseur JJ Morvan F 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2011,47(31):8826-8828
The binding of seven multivalent glycoconjugates displaying linear or antenna-like structures and different electronic environments were evaluated towards PA-IL on a DNA-based carbohydrate microarray. The affinity can be modulated by the charge and the topology of the galactosylated derivatives. 相似文献
57.
The issues of the uniqueness and the stability of the homogeneous response in uniaxial tests with gradient damage models 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kim Pham Jean-Jacques Marigo Corrado Maurini 《Journal of the mechanics and physics of solids》2011,59(6):1163-1190
We consider a wide class of gradient damage models which are characterized by two constitutive functions after a normalization of the scalar damage parameter. The evolution problem is formulated following a variational approach based on the principles of irreversibility, stability and energy balance. Applied to a monotonically increasing traction test of a one-dimensional bar, we consider the homogeneous response where both the strain and the damage fields are uniform in space. In the case of a softening behavior, we show that the homogeneous state of the bar at a given time is stable provided that the length of the bar is less than a state dependent critical value and unstable otherwise. However, we also show that bifurcations can appear even if the homogeneous state is stable. All these results are obtained in a closed form. Finally, we propose a practical method to identify the two constitutive functions. This method is based on the measure of the homogeneous response in a situation where this response is stable without possibility of bifurcation, and on a procedure which gives the opportunity to detect its loss of stability. All the theoretical analyses are illustrated by examples. 相似文献
58.
Péter Csóka P. Jean-Jacques Herings László Á. Kóczy 《Mathematical Methods of Operations Research》2011,74(1):41-52
We provide two new characterizations of exact games. First, a game is exact if and only if it is exactly balanced; and second,
a game is exact if and only if it is totally balanced and overbalanced. The condition of exact balancedness is identical to
the one of balancedness, except that one of the balancing weights may be negative, while for overbalancedness one of the balancing
weights is required to be non-positive and no weight is put on the grand coalition. Exact balancedness and overbalancedness
are both easy to formulate conditions with a natural game-theoretic interpretation and are shown to be useful in applications.
Using exact balancedness we show that exact games are convex for the grand coalition and we provide an alternative proof that
the classes of convex and totally exact games coincide. We provide an example of a game that is totally balanced and convex
for the grand coalition, but not exact. Finally we relate classes of balanced, totally balanced, convex for the grand coalition,
exact, totally exact, and convex games to one another. 相似文献
59.
The radiation emitted by a heated body is generally quoted as a typical example of incoherent radiation, in distinction to laser radiation. One is nearly isotropic, the other highly directional; one is spectrally broad, the other quasi-monochromatic. It may come as a surprise that the thermal radiation of a large number of substances is coherent, both in space and time, when it is observed at a distance from the body that is shorter than the wavelength. This behaviour can be understood within an electromagnetic approach to thermal emission. Several recent experiments have confirmed these unexpected properties. 相似文献
60.
The work deals with a definition of a weak solution of steady plane transonic flows past a thin profile, with the properties of the solution across a shock wave, and with a derivation of a conservative difference scheme suitable for numerical solution of the above mentioned problem by a finite difference method. The work presents several examples of numerical solution of transonic flows past a profile, through a plane cascade and some three-dimensional results. The numerical results presented are compared with experimental results or with numerical results by other authors. 相似文献