引力波探测展望

早在1916年，爱因斯坦在发表广义相对论时就预言引力辐射的存在．但在初期，大多数人都怀疑引力波（Gravitational　Waves）仅仅是爱因斯坦提出的引力场方程的一个近似解…而没有实质的物理效应．直到1950年代末期，从理论上证明引力波是携带能量的并可以被探测到，引力波的存在才在理论上得到了充分的确认．广义相对论预言引力波的主要特性有：在真空中以光速传播；     

Analysis of baicalein, baicalin and wogonin in Scutellariae radix and its preparation by microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography with 1-butyl-3-methylimizolium tetrafluoborate ionic liquid as additive

Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC) using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM-BF4) ionic liquid (IL) as additive was developed for the analysis of baicalin, wogonin and baicalein in Scutellariae radix and its preparation. After conducting a series of optimizations, baseline separation was obtained for the analytes within 5min under the optimum conditions (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) 0.88% (m/v) ethyl acetate 0.8% (v/v) butan-1-ol 0.2% (v/v) and the buffer composition were 25% acetonitrile (v/v), 7.5 mM BMIM-BF4 and 10 mM NaH2PO4, pH 8.2, applied voltage 17.5 kV and detection at 254 nm), the method has been successfully applied to the determination and quantification of the analytes in the extracts of S. radix (cooked), S. radix (raw) and Qingfeiyihuowan which was the preparation including S. radix.     

Uniform persistence and flows near a closed positively invariant set

In this paper, the behavior of a continuous flow in the vicinity of a closed positively invariant subset in a metric space is investigated. The main theorem in this part in some sense generalizes previous results concerning classification of the flow near a compact invariant set in a locally compact metric space which was described by Ura-Kimura (1960) and Bhatia (1969). By applying the obtained main theorem, we are able to prove two persistence theorems. In the first one, several equivalent statements are established, which unify and generalize earlier results based on Liapunov-like functions and those about the equivalence of weak uniform persistence and uniform persistence. The second theorem generalizes the classical uniform persistence theorems based on analysis of the flow on the boundary by relaxing point dissipativity and invariance of the boundary. Several examples are given which show that our theorems will apply to a wider varity of ecological models.     

Design,synthesis, and in vitro antimycobacterial activities of butylene tethered 7‐fluoroisatin‐isatin scaffolds

In this work, a series of butylene tethered heteronuclear 7‐fluoroisatin‐isatin scaffolds 4a to 4h were designed and synthesized, and the antimycobacterial activity profiles, cytotoxicity together with inhibitory activity against MTB DNA gyrase, were also investigated. All the synthesized heteronuclear scaffolds were active against MTB H₃₇Rv and MDR‐MTB strains, and some of them were more potent than isoniazid ( INH ), rifampicin ( RIF ), ethambutol ( EMB ) against MDR‐MTB strain. The structure‐activity relationship demonstrated that the substituents on C‐3 position of 7‐fluoroisatin and isatin moieties were closely related with the activity, and hydrogen bond donors were favorable to the activity. Scaffolds with different substituents showed higher activity than the analogs with the same substituents at this position of the two isatin motifs, which may be attributed to the synergistic effect. Among them, the most active scaffold 4e (MIC: 1 and 4 μg/mL) was comparable with the first‐line anti‐TB agent EMB against MTB H₃₇Rv, and ≥16‐fold more potent than INH , RIF , and EMB against MDR‐MTB strain, demonstrating its potential for fighting against infections caused by both drug‐sensitive and MDR MTB strains. Moreover, scaffold 4e also possessed excellent toxicological profiles and promising inhibitory activity against MTB DNA gyrase. Thus, scaffold 4e could act as an ideal platform for further optimization.     

基于金刚石色心自旋磁共振效应的微位移测量方法

基于压电陶瓷精密微位移系统的扫描探测技术是目前精密测量仪器进行微纳区域/结构性能测试的核心系统,但压电陶瓷材料存在迟滞、非线性问题,限制了对微位移分辨能力的提升.本文以金刚石氮空位色心为敏感单元,利用电子自旋效应对磁场强度的高分辨敏感机理,结合永磁体周围不同位置对应的磁场强度变化关系,提出了一种基于金刚石氮空位色心电子自旋敏感机理的微位移检测方法.通过建立电子自旋效应与微位移的关联模型,搭建了相应的微位移测量系统.经实验验证,该系统对微位移测试的灵敏度为16.67 V/mm,检测分辨率达到60 nm,实现了对微位移的高分辨率测量.并通过理论分析,该系统的微位移测量分辨率可进一步提升至亚纳米级水平,为新型微位移测量技术提供了发展方向和研究思路.     

Czerny-Turner正交型光栅单色仪的波长校准

研究了Czerny-Turner正交型光栅单色仪的波长校准技术。结合单色仪的结构参数和特点,提出以符合光栅方程的正弦曲线作为仪器出射波长的校准方程,基于最小二乘法原理给出校准方程的拟合残差表达式,由于校准方程的非线性,应用二维Nelder-Mead单纯形法求解拟合残差的待定系数,建立了波长与光栅转角的精确表达式,并通过实验验证了该算法的准确性。结果表明,经过校准的单色仪波长定位精度小于0.1nm,比设计要求提高一个数量级。该方法在Czerny-Turner正交型光栅单色仪的波长校准过程中,应用简单,容易实现,只需稍加修改步进电机的控制程序,即可完成对仪器出射波长的快速实时校准,实用性强。     

铁基超导体Minimum模型中的d波和扩展s波

对比研究了Minimum模型中d-波配对和扩展s-波配对的基本性质.结果表明,超导序参量按类BCS关系随温度变化,重整化参数t对超导有抑制作用,当t足够大时,超导消失,系统进入正常金属相.此外,讨论了超导序参量随不同参量的变化关系.对于d波,系统有稳定态;而对于扩展s波,系统则没有稳定态.     

合肥光源逐束团相位测量及纵向不稳定性诊断

为了研究储存环束流多束团纵向运动特性,在合肥光源（HLS-II）上研制了一套逐束团相位测量系统。该系统利用示波器直接采集BPM和信号,采用过零点检测法、时间差分（Temporal Difference, TD）法相结合的方法从BPM和信号中提取出逐束团相位。介绍了逐束团相位测量系统的系统构架、相位提取方法以及在HLS-II上的一些实验结果。通过对该系统记录的5 ms时间长度的逐束团多圈相位数据的离线分析,得到多束团纵向运动的同步振荡的频率、纵向工作点、束团振荡的模式信息以及振荡模式增长率等特征信息,诊断出HLS-II在top-off恒流运行期间存在2个较强的纵向耦合束团不稳定模式,并提取出了2个振荡模式的增长率。该系统的逐束团相位测量结果及相关纵向不稳定性分析可为机器研究、纵向反馈系统调试评估及高频RF系统的性能评估等提供参考。