Development of a mild mercaptoethanol extraction method for determination of mercury species in biological samples by HPLC–ICP-MS

A mild, efficient and convenient extraction method of using 2-mercaptoethanol contained extractant solution combined with an incubator shaker for determination of mercury species in biological samples by HPLC–ICP-MS has been developed. The effects of the concentration of 2-mercaptoethanol, the composition of the extractant solution and the shaking time on the efficiency of mercury extraction were evaluated. The optimization experiments indicated that the quantitative extraction of mercury species from biological samples could be achieved by using 0.1% (v/v) HCl, 0.1% (v/v) 2-mercapoethanol and 0.15% (m/v) KCl extractant solution in an incubator shaker for shaking overnight (about 12 h) at room temperature. The established method was validated by analysis of various biological certified reference materials, including NRCC DOLT-3 (dogfish liver), IAEA 436 (tuna fish), IAEA MA-B-3/TM (garfish filet), IAEA MA-M-2/TM (mussel tissue), GBW 08193 (bovine liver) and GBW 08572 (prawn). The analytical results of the reference materials were in good agreement with the certified or reference values of both methyl and total mercury, indicating that no distinguishable transformation between mercury species had occurred during the extraction and determination procedures. The limit of detection (LOD) for methyl (CH₃Hg⁺) and inorganic mercury (Hg²⁺) by the method are both as 0.2 μg L⁻¹. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.s) for CH₃Hg⁺ and Hg²⁺ are 3.0% and 5.8%, respectively. The advantages of the developed extraction method are that (1) it is easy to operate in HPLC–ICP-MS for mercury species determination since the extracted solution can be directly injected into the HPLC column without pH adjustment and (2) the memory effect of mercury in the ICP-MS measurement system can be reduced.     

分子水平上低碳烷烃催化选择氧化的初步研究

烃类选择氧化在石油化工中极其重要.近二十多年来,随着石油化工原料逐步从烯烃、芳烃等不饱和烃向资源丰富和价格相对低廉的烷烃的转化,研究烷烃的氧化活化和定向转化来取代相应的烯烃和芳烃工艺具有非常重要的学术意义和工业价值.因而,烷烃的选择活化和氧化得到了世界范围内的     

预处理条件对Zn/Al-CLM的丙烷芳构化性能的影响

在脉冲微反装置上考察了不同的预处理条件对Zn/Al-CLM催化剂的丙烷芳构化反应的影响。结果表明，丙烷在Zn/Al-CLM催化剂上具有一定的的反应活性和芳烃选择性，而且芳构化主要转化为苯；载体Al-CLM的焙烧温度、金属锌负载量、活化温度等对Zn/Al-CLM催化剂的丙烷芳构化性能具有重要影响。载体经500℃预焙烧制备的Zn/Al-CLM催化剂具有最好的柱结构保留度，从而表现出最佳的芳构化性能；随着锌含量的增加，Zn/Al-CLM催化剂的酸量增大，从而使丙烷转化率增大，而选择性则是锌含量质量分数为5．8％时具有极大值；400℃活化处理可使Zn与Al-CLM之间具有适中的相互作用，从而使得Zn/Al-CLM具有较高的芳烃收率。     

导电高分子材料的应用和进展

论述了复合型及结构型导电高分子材料的导电机理、应用和研究进展。     

Routine determination of major anions in atmospheric aerosols by capillary electrophoresis

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) with indirect UV detection utilizing a pyromellitate-based electrolyte was used for the routine analysis of major anions in atmospheric aerosols collected on filters with high-volume (Hi-Vol) samplers. The long-term reliability of the CE system was checked over an 8-month period during which over 2900 samples were analyzed. In addition, approximately 1100 samples were analyzed in parallel by ion chromatography (IC). It has been shown that acceptable analytical performance can be routinely obtained. The agreement between the CE and IC results is good, generally better than 20% at concentrations larger than 1 mg l⁻¹.     

含苯氧基萘并萘醌和偶氮苯双变色基化合物的合成和性质

通过６－氯－５，１２－萘并萘醌与４－羟基偶氮苯及其衍生物的反应合成了３种含苯氧基萘并萘醌和偶氮苯光致变色基的双变色基化合物，６－［４－（苯偶氮基）苯氧基］－５，１２－萘并萘醌（５），６－［４－（ｐ－乙氧基苯偶氮基）苯氧基］－５，１２－萘并萘醌（６）和６－［４－（ｐ－硝基苯偶氮基）苯氧基］－５，１２－萘并萘醌（７）．这些化合物的苯氧基萘并萘醌变色基的ＵＶ诱导光致变色性较弱；基于氨与苯氧基萘并萘醌ａｎａ显色体的不可逆反应，化合物５和６ＤＭＳＯ溶液在３６５ｎｍ紫外光辐照光稳态（ＰＳＳ）下的ａｎａ醌式摩尔分数估计分别为２２％和１７％．这些结果说明，苯偶氮基对苯氧基萘并萘醌变色基的光致变色性质有着极强的影响．另一方面，与４－羟基偶氮苯母体不同，这些双变色基化合物在ＤＭＳＯ中偶氮苯变色基的顺式异构体是相对稳定的     

热处理对聚乙烯／炭黑导电复合体系形态结构及PTC特性的影响

借助ＷＡＸＤ、ＳＡＸＤ和ＤＳＣ等手段研究了炭黑与聚乙烯复合体系在不同热处理条件下的结晶行为及聚集态结构的大尺寸效应对ＰＴＣ特性的影响。由此提出，不仅结晶度大小，而且聚集大尺寸效应性能对ＰＴＣ行性有重要影响的新观点。     

加速剂对化学镀镍层组成与结构的影响

加速剂对化学镀镍层组成与结构的影响方景礼，武勇，韩克平，张敏（南京大学应用化学研究所配位化学国家重点实验室南京２１００９３）关键词化学镀镍，Ｎｉ０Ｐ合金，加速剂，硫脲化学镀镍磷合金具有耐蚀性、可焊性、厚度均匀和硬度高等优点，已得到广泛应用。为提高生产...     

模式识别—人工神经网络在化学中的若干新应用

本文通过我们应用模式识别－人工神经网络方法预报新化合物、熔盐相图以及复杂化学反应体系的研究，展示应用模式识别－人工神经网络方法与物理化学理论相结合，研究化学现象的可能性和应用价值。     

Microwave‐assisted synthesis of phenylenedi(4′,4“‐tetrahydroquinoline) and di(4′,4”‐tetrahydropyridine) derivatives

The synthesis of bifunctional pyridine and quinolione derivatives were investigated using terephthalic and isophthalic aldehydes as a precursor. The reaction proceeds under microwave irradiation with good yield (70–92%) and short reaction time (7–9 min.). We provide a rapid and efficient method of synthesizing a range of bifunctional monocyclic and bicyclic products related to 1,4‐dihydropyridines (1,4‐DHPs).