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191.
Yohei Uchiyama Shohei Iwasaki Chiaki Ueoka Takashi Fukui Kenzo Okamoto Masayuki Yamaguchi 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2009,47(4):424-433
Effect of mixing and processing conditions at T‐die extrusion on the structure and mechanical properties is studied for isotactic polypropylene (PP) containing a small amount of β‐form nucleating agent, N,N′‐dicyclohexyl‐2,6‐naphthalenedicarboxamide. It is found that trigonal β crystals are predominantly formed in the extruded samples containing the nucleating agent irrespective of the mixing and processing conditions, leading to the marked mechanical toughness. On the contrary, the molecular orientation is significantly affected by the mixing and processing conditions. In particular, it should be noted that PP molecules in the extruded sheet which was mixed at high temperature (260 °C) and extruded at low temperature (200 °C) orient perpendicular to the applied flow direction. As a result, the sheet shows anomalous mechanical anisotropy. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 47: 424–433, 2009 相似文献
192.
Megumi Kubo Takashi Kikukawa Seiji Miyauchi Akiteru Seki Masakatsu Kamiya Tomoyasu Aizawa Keiichi Kawano Naoki Kamo Makoto Demura 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2009,85(2):547-555
Halorhodopsin (HR) acts as a light‐driven chloride pump which transports a chloride ion from the extracellular (EC) to the cytoplasmic space during a photocycle reaction that includes some photointermediates initiated by illumination. To understand the chloride uptake mechanisms, we focused on a basic residue Arg123 of HR from Natronomonas pharaonis (NpHR), which is the only basic residue located in the EC half ion channel. By the measurements of the visible absorption spectra in the dark and the light‐induced inward current through the membrane, it was shown that the chloride binding and transport ability of NpHR completely disappeared by the change of arginine to glutamine. From flashphotolysis analysis, the photocycle of R123Q differed from that of wildtype NpHR completely. The response of the R123H mutant depended on pH. These facts imply that the positive charge at position 123 is essential for chloride binding in the ground state and for the chloride uptake under illumination. On the basis of the molecular structures of HR and the anion‐transportable mutants of bacteriorhodopsin, the effects of the positive charge and the conformational change of the Arg123 side chain as well as the chloride‐pumping mechanism are discussed. 相似文献
193.
Guimei Zhang Xiaoxia Guo Jianhua Fang Kangcheng Chen Ken-ichi Okamoto 《Journal of membrane science》2009
A series of sulfonated copolyimides containing benzimidazole groups (SPIs) were synthesized by random copolymerization of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTDA), 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5-aminobenzimidazole (APABI), 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether-2,2′-disulfonic acid (ODADS) and 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene (BAPF) in m-cresol in the presence of benzoic acid and triethylamine at 180 °C for 20 h. Membranes with good mechanical properties were prepared by solution cast method. Proton exchange treatment resulted in ionic cross-linking and the membranes were further covalently cross-linked by treating them in polyphosphoric acid (PPA) at 180 °C for 6 h. The covalently cross-linked membranes displayed slightly lower ion exchange capacities (IECs) and proton conductivities than the corresponding covalently uncross-linked ones because small part of the sulfonic acid groups had been consumed during the cross-linking process. Fenton’s test (3% H2O2 + 3 ppm FeSO4, 80 °C) revealed that benzimidazole groups played an important role in the radical oxidative stability of the membranes, while the cooperative effect of benzimidazole groups and covalent cross-linking led to much more significant enhancements in the radical oxidative stability of the membranes than each alone. The membrane 4 (ODADS/APABI/BAPF = 2/1/1, by mol), for example, after covalent cross-linking could maintain membrane form within 8 h measurement, which was much longer than that (3 h) before covalent cross-linking under the same conditions. The membrane 5 (ODADS/BAPF = 3/1, by mol) without benzimidazole groups, however, after covalent cross-linking started to break into pieces after 85 min measurement, which was only slightly longer than that (60 min) before cross-linking under the same conditions. 相似文献
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197.
Summary Dionium cations, polymethylenebis(tributylphosphonium)s (BuCnBPs), were used as ion-pair reagents for ion-pair chromatography of dianionic species, such as maleate, fumarate, phthalates, and naphthalenedisulfonates. The longer the length of methylene chain connecting the two phosphonium cationic ceterns within BuCnBP, the larger was the retention of these dianionic species. The dionium reagents had a higher retention ability compared to conventional monoonium reagents, and enabled a higher resolution among the dianionic species of structural isomers. The extraction behavior of the dianionic species in a loctanol/water system was also investigated. The retention behavior by the use of BuCnBP was discussed in comparison with the extraction behavior. 相似文献
198.
Reaction of 2-propargylphenylcarbamates with diphenyliodonium salts via Meyer-Schuster rearrangement
Hideki Minami Noriko Okamoto Takuya Sueda Takatsugu Sakaguchi Minoru Ishikura Reiko Yanada 《Tetrahedron letters》2017,58(45):4277-4280
The syntheses of 2,3-dihydro-4-quinolones from 2-propargylphenylcarbamates by one-pot tandem process that involves Meyer-Schuster rearrangement or arylative Meyer-Schuster rearrangement/Michael addition of carbamate nitrogen to the resulting vinyl ketones have been developed. Phenylcarbamates tethering tertiary propargyl alcohols underwent arylative Meyer-Schuster rearrangement/Friedel-Crafts alkylation to produce 2,3-dihydroindenones. 相似文献
199.
Yuko Okamoto Toshimasa Tanaka Hironori Kokubo 《Journal of computer-aided molecular design》2010,24(8):699-712
We performed replica-exchange molecular dynamics (REMD) simulations of six ligands to examine the dependency of their free
energy landscapes on charge parameters and solvent models. Six different charge parameter sets for each ligand were first
generated by RESP and AM1-BCC methods using three different conformations independently. RESP charges showed some conformational
dependency. On the other hand, AM1-BCC charges did not show conformational dependency and well reproduced the overall trend
of RESP charges. The free energy landscapes obtained from the REMD simulations of ligands in vacuum, Generalized-Born (GB),
and TIP3P solutions were then analyzed. We found that even small charge differences can produce qualitatively different landscapes
in vacuum condition, but the differences tend to be much smaller under GB and TIP3P conditions. The simulations in the GB
model well reproduced the landscapes in the TIP3P model using only a fraction of the computational cost. The protein-bound
ligand conformations were rarely the global minimum states, but similar conformations were found to exist in aqueous solution
without proteins in regions close to the global minimum, local minimum or intermediate states. 相似文献
200.
A series of cluster-based ruthenium zinc antimonides with a large unit cell were obtained. Their structures were solved by the single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. They crystallize in the cubic space group of Fm3?c (No. 226) with cell dimensions of 25.098(3), 24.355(3), 24.307(3), and 24.376(3) ? for Ru(26)Sb(24)Zn(67) (CA), Ru(13)Sb(12)Zn(83.4) (CB), Ru(13)Sb(6.29)Zn(91.56) (CC), and Ru(13)Sb(17.1)Zn(74.8) (CD), respectively. By all indications, compounds CA and CB are two phases showing pronounced distinctions regarding compositions, lattice parameters, thermal and transport properties, but they are not members of an extended solid solution. Compounds CB, CC, and CD are three members of a same solid solution. Topologically, these four compounds contain face-centered cubic packing of double-Mackay type clusters and (Sb(1-δ)Zn(δ))(24) snub cubes filled with highly disordered zinc aggregates, with or without glue atoms between them. Both phases CA and CB are diamagnetic. There is a difference of ~170 K between their thermally stable temperatures. CA exhibits rather low thermal conductivity with the value of ~0.9 W m(-1) K(-1) at room temperature, which is about one-third that of CB. The electrical resistivity of CB is almost temperature independent. The Seebeck coefficient of CB is small and negative, while that of CA exhibits a complicated temperature dependence and undergoes a transition from p- to n-type conduction around room temperature. 相似文献