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21.
J.K. Halbig F.K. Wohn W.L. Talbert J.J. Eitter J.R. McConnell 《Nuclear Physics A》1973,203(3):532-538
Both the continuous β-mray spectrum and the internal conversion electron spectrum of 91Sr have been studied with a π√2 magnetic spectrometer. The measurements yield an intensity of 30.8% for the first-forbidden unique β-decay to the ground state and a Q-value of 2.684 ± 0.004 MeV. The measured internal conversion coefficient of the 555.6 keV isomeric transition in 91Y is in excellent agreement with the theoretical value for an M4 transition. Seven less intense internally converted transitions were also studied. The results verify the Jπ assignments of earlier studies and also provide new information for the transitions from which level structure configurations can be proposed. 相似文献
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23.
By using class operators, we define base radical and semisimple classes, within a broad abstract setting due to Puczylowski. The new notions agree with the usual Kurosh–Amitsur ones for associative rings and groups but differ for not necessarily associative rings, in general lying strictly between the Kurosh–Amitsur and torsion theory notions. A study of the class operators for their own sake is initiated, and a connection with modal logic is made. 相似文献
24.
Brendan Frett Nicholas McConnell Anupreet Kharbanda Gunaganti Naresh Benjamin Rounseville Christina Warner John Chang Natalie Debolske Hong-yu Li 《Tetrahedron》2018,74(35):4592-4600
Carbon-carbon bonds are integral for pharmaceutical discovery and development. Frequently, CC bond reactions utilize expensive catalyst/ligand combinations and/or are low yielding, which can increase time and expenditures in pharmaceutical development. To enhance CC bond formation protocols, we developed a highly efficient, selective, and combinatorially applicable Friedel-Crafts acylation to acetylate the C-3 position of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines. The reaction, catalyzed by aluminum chloride, is both cost effective and more combinatorial friendly compared to acetylation reactions requiring multiple, stoichiometric equivalents of AlCl3. The protocol has broad application in the construction of acetylated imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with an extensive substrate scope. All starting materials are common and the reaction requires inexpensive, conventional heating methods for adaptation in any laboratory. Further, the synthesized compounds are predicted to possess GABA activity through a validated, GABA binding model. The developed method serves as a superior route to generate C-3 acetylated imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine building-blocks for combinatorial synthetic efforts. 相似文献
25.
Treu M Karner T Kousek R Berger H Mayer M McConnell DB Stadler A 《Journal of combinatorial chemistry》2008,10(6):863-868
New rotor types using disposable glass vials for small-scale parallel synthesis in multimode microwave reactors are introduced. One rotor comprises 16 groups of four vials, whereas the second uses four silicon carbide plates with a 6 x 4 matrix to process the vials. Both rotors achieve utmost temperature homogeneity upon microwave irradiation and can be used for microwave-mediated reactions at temperatures of up to 200 degrees C and pressures of 20 bar. The generation of three different heterocycle libraries furnishing thiophenes, oxindoles, and benzimidazoles using the new rotor types is described. 相似文献
26.
Computational chemistry (B3LYP, MP2) is used to study the properties of size-expanded DNA nucleobases generated by inserting a benzene spacer into the natural nucleobases. Although the addition of the spacer does not significantly affect the hydrogen-bonding properties of natural nucleobases, the orientation of the base about the glycosidic bond necessary for Watson-Crick binding is destabilized, which could have implications for the selectivity of expanded bases, as well as the stability of expanded duplexes. Consideration of the (stacked) binding energies in the preferred relative orientation of natural and expanded nucleobases aligned according to their centers of mass reveals that the stacking within natural dimers can be increased by up to 50% upon expansion of one nucleobase and up to 90% upon expansion of two nucleobases. The implications of these findings to the stability of expanded duplexes were revealed by considering simplified models of natural and mixed duplexes composed of four nucleobases. Although intra- and interstrand interactions within double helices are typically less than those predicted when nucleobases are stacked according to their centers of mass, some nucleobases utilize their full stacking potential within double helices, where both intra- and interstrand interactions can be significant. Most importantly, increasing the size of nucleobases within the duplex significantly increases both intra- and interstrand stacking interactions. Specifically, some interactions are double the magnitude of the corresponding intrastrand interactions in natural helices, and even greater increases in interstrand interactions are sometimes found. Thus, our work suggests that mixed duplexes composed of natural bases hydrogen bound to expanded bases may exploit the increase in the inherent stacking ability of the expanded bases in more than one way and thereby afford duplexes with greater stability than natural DNA. 相似文献
27.
Joseph A. Loo Peifeng Hu Patrick McConnell W. Tom Mueller Tomi K. Sawyer Venkataraman Thanabal 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》1997,8(3):234-243
The noncovalent binding of various peptide ligands to pp60src (Src) SH2 (Src homology 2) domain protein (12.9 ku) has been used as a model system for development of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) as a tool to study noncovalently bound complexes. SH2 motifs in proteins are critical in the signal transduction pathways of the tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors and recognize phosphotyrosine-containing proteins and peptides. ESI-MS with a magnetic sector instrument and array detection has been used to detect the protein-peptide complex with low-picomole sensitivity. The relative abundances of the multiply charged ions for the complex formed between Src SH2 protein and several nonphosphorylated and phosphorylated peptides have been compared. The mass spectrometry data correlate well to the measured binding constants derived from solution-based methods, indicating that the mass spectrometry-based method can be used to assess the affinity of such interactions. Solution-phase equilibrium constants may be determined by measuring the amount of bound and unbound species as a function of concentration for construction of a Scatchard graph. ESI-MS of a solution containing Src SH2 with a mixture of phosphopeptides showed the expected protein-phosphopeptide complex as the dominant species in the mass spectrum, demonstrating the method’s potential for screening mixtures from peptide libraries. 相似文献
28.
Bogani F McConnell E Joshi L Chang Y Ghirlanda G 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2006,128(22):7142-7143
Rational protein design has been successfully used to create mimics of natural proteins that retain native activity. In the present work, de novo protein engineering is explored to develop a mini-protein analogue of Gc-MAF, a glycoprotein involved in the immune system activation that has shown anticancer activity in mice. Gc-MAF is derived in vivo from vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) via enzymatic processing of its glycosaccharide to leave a single GalNAc residue located on an exposed loop. We used molecular modeling tools in conjunction with structural analysis to splice the glycosylated loop onto a stable three-helix bundle (alpha3W, PDB entry 1LQ7). The resulting 69-residue model peptide, MM1, has been successfully synthesized by solid-phase synthesis both in the aglycosylated and the glycosylated (GalNAc-MM1) form. Circular dichroism spectroscopy confirmed the expected alpha-helical secondary structure. The thermodynamic stability as evaluated from chemical and thermal denaturation is comparable with that of the scaffold protein, alpha3W, indicating that the insertion of the exogenous loop of Gc-MAF did not significantly perturb the overall structure. GalNAc-MM1 retains the macrophage stimulation activity of natural Gc-MAF; in vitro tests show an identical enhancement of Fc-receptor-mediated phagocytosis in primary macrophages. GalNAc-MM1 provides a framework for the development of mutants with increased activity that could be used in place of Gc-MAF as an immunomodulatory agent in therapy. 相似文献
29.
R F See A D Dutoi K W McConnell R M Naylor 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2001,123(12):2839-2848
The forces responsible for the observed geometries of the YX(3) (Y = N or P; X = H, F, or Cl) molecules were studied through ab initio computations at the HF-SCF/6-31G level. The calculated molecular orbitals were grouped as contributing primarily to (a) the covalent bonds, (b) the terminal atom nonbonding electrons (for X = F or Cl), and (c) the central atom nonbonding electrons. This grouping was accomplished through 3-D plotting and an atomic population analysis of the molecular orbitals. The molecules were then moved through a X-Y-X angular range from 90 degrees to 119 degrees, in four or five degree increments. Single-point calculations were done at each increment, so as to quantify the energy changes in the molecular orbital groups as a function of geometry. These calculations show that the nonbonding electrons are much more sensitive to geometry change than are the bonding orbitals, particularly in the trihalide compounds. The molecular orbitals representing the nonbonding electrons on the terminal atoms (both valence and core electrons) contribute to the spreading forces, as they favor a wider X-Y-X angle. The contracting forces, which favor a smaller X-Y-X angle, consist of the orbitals comprising the nonbonding electrons on the central atom (again, both valence and core electrons). The observed geometry is seen as the balance point between these two sets of forces. A simple interaction-distance model of spreading and contracting forces supports this hypothesis. Highly linear trends are obtained for both the nitrogen trihalides (R(2) = 0.981) and phosphorus trihalides (R(2) = 0.992) when the opposing forces are plotted against each other. These results suggest that a revision of the popular conceptual models (hybridization and VSEPR) of molecular geometry might be appropriate. 相似文献
30.
Elias Dahlhaus Jens Gustedt Ross M. McConnell 《Journal of Algorithms in Cognition, Informatics and Logic》2001,41(2):360
A module of an undirected graph G = (V, E) is a set X of vertices that have the same set of neighbors in V\X. The modular decomposition is a unique decomposition of the vertices into nested modules. We give a practical algorithm with an O(n + mα(m, n)) time bound and a variant with a linear time bound. 相似文献