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61.
Nergis Mavalvala David E. McClelland Guido Mueller D. H. Reitze Roman Schnabel Benno Willke 《General Relativity and Gravitation》2011,43(2):569-592
Third generation terrestrial interferometric gravitational wave detectors will likely require significant advances in laser
and optical technologies to reduce two of the main limiting noise sources: thermal noise due to mirror coatings and quantum
noise arising from a combination of shot noise and radiation pressure noise. Increases in laser power and possible changes
of the operational wavelength require new high power laser sources and new electro-optic modulators and Faraday isolators.
Squeezed light can be used to further reduce the quantum noise while nano-structured optical components can be used to reduce
or eliminate mirror coating thermal noise as well as to implement all-reflective interferometer configurations to avoid thermal
effects in mirror substrates. This paper is intended to give an overview on the current state-of-the-art and future trends
in these areas of ongoing research and development. 相似文献
62.
Andrews AB McClelland A Korkeila O Demidov A Krummel A Mullins OC Chen Z 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2011,27(10):6049-6058
Asphaltenes are an important class of compounds in crude oil whose surface activity is important for establishing reservoir rock wettability which impacts reservoir drainage. While many phenomenological interfacial studies with crude oils and asphaltenes have been reported, there is very little known about the molecular level interactions between asphaltenes and mineral surfaces. In this study, we analyze Langmuir-Blodgett films of asphaltenes and related model compounds with sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. In SFG, the polarization of the input (vis, IR) and output (SFG) beams can be varied, which allows the orientation of different functional groups at the interface to be determined. SFG clearly indicates that asphaltene polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are highly oriented in the plane of the interface and that the peripheral alkanes are transverse to the interface. In contrast, model compounds with oxygen functionality have PAHs oriented transverse to the interface. Computational quantum chemistry is used to support corresponding band assignments, enabling robust determination of functional group orientations. 相似文献
63.
J.J. McClelland R. Gupta R.J. Celotta G.A. Porkolab 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》1998,66(1):95-98
6 plasma. We show that the result can be an array of parallel wires as narrow as 68 nm or an array of parallel Si trenches
as narrow as 85 nm. The laser-focused deposition process is inherently parallel, so a large area is patterned simultaneously
with an accurate periodicity of 212.78 nm. This method represents a novel way to make large, coherent arrays of sub-100 nm-size
structures.
Received: 20 March 1997 相似文献
64.
65.
66.
R.R. Whitney J. Källne J.S. McCarthy R.C. Minehart R.L. Boudrie J.F. Davis J.B. McClelland A. Stetz 《Nuclear Physics A》1983,408(3):417-424
Differential cross sections for 3, 4He(π, π') are presented for angles of 60° and 120° at 200 MeV and 120° at 295 MeV. The momentum spectra for the scattered pions are dominated by a peak attributed to quasi-free scattering from individual nucleons. There are significant differences between the scattering on 3He and 4He as well as between the scattering of π+ and π? on 3He. The data are compared to a simple model incorporating the free π+N scattering amplitudes. Modifications for the structure and dynamics of the target nucleus are discussed. 相似文献
67.
A flexible synthesis of the C1-C12 fragment of Tedanolide C has been accomplished in eight steps from 2-methyl-2,4-pentadienal. Asymmetric hydroformylation of a 1,3-diene allows for the late-stage generation of either C10 epimer with complete catalyst control. Diastereoselective addition of an isobutyryl β-ketoester dianion to an α,β-disubstituted chiral aldehyde sets the C5 stereochemistry while installing the geminal dimethyl unit. Differential protection of a syn-1,3-diol is performed as a highly efficient single-pot operation. 相似文献
68.
The structure of iron pentacarbonyl, Fe(CO)(5), was reinvestigated by gas-phase electron diffraction using an experimental rotational constant available from the literature as a constraint on the structural parameters. The study utilized a B3LYP/6-311+G(d) ab initio quadratic force field, scaled to fit observed infrared wavenumbers, from which were calculated corrections for the effects of vibrational averaging on distances and certain other quantities useful for the structural analysis. The results confirm that the equatorial Fe-C bonds are longer than the axial ones, an important difference with the structure in the crystal where the equatorial Fe-C bonds are the shorter. Some distance (r(g)/A) and vibrational amplitude (l(alpha)/A) parameter values with estimated 2sigma uncertainties based on assumption of D(3h) symmetry are [r(Fe-C)] = 1.829(2), r(Fe-C)(eq) - r(Fe-C)(ax) = 0.032(20), [r(C=O)] = 1.146(2), r(C=O)(eq) - r(C=O)(ax) = 0.006(27), r(Fe-C)(ax) = 1.810(16), r(Fe-C)(eq) = 1.842(11), r(C=O)(ax) = 1.142(23), r(C=O)(eq) = 1.149(16), l(Fe-C)(ax) = l(Fe-C)(eq) = 0.047(5), and l(C=O)(ax) = l(C=O)(eq) = 0.036(3). 相似文献
69.
Matthew A. McClelland Bruce A. Finlayson 《ournal of non Newtonian Fluid Mechanics》1983,13(2):181-201
The theoretical analysis is made of the relation between applied force and plate separation for squeezing flows of viscoelastic liquids between closely-spaced parallel disks. The lubrication approximation and the quasi-steady-state assumption are employed in the development. Elastic effects are incorporated through inclusion of normal stresses. Solutions are presented for liquids with power-law viscometric functions, and a numerical procedure is used for fluids having viscometric functions of arbitrary form. For fast and slow squeezing, calculated values of t, the time required to squeeze out half the fluid, are found to agree with the constant force data of Leider [1,2]. 相似文献
70.
D. M. Hope D. E. McClelland H.-A. Bachor A. J. Stevenson 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》1992,55(3):210-215
This paper describes experiments with a coupled atom-cavity system generating quadrature squeezed states of light. A wide range of parameters was explored and a regime was found where a beam of laser light with significant power (0.17 mW) and good noise suppression (measured 18±3%, inferred 50±10%) was observed. An analysis of the exact phase of the noise suppression shows it to be a minimum uncertainty state with reduced noise in a combined amplitude/phase quadrature. The observations are in good qualitative agreement with a full quantum theory of squeezing in optical bistability. 相似文献