Measuring the charges of QCD jets

We investigate the effects of perturbative branching upon the accuracy with which one can determine the charge of the underlying QCD quantum from the charge structure of a given hadronic jet. We show explicitly how at asymptoticQ ² we lose all such charge information. We investigate these effects at current PETRA energies using the Monte Carlo program of Fox and Wolfram; and find that a reasonably accurate charge determination is still possible at these energies. We suggest the variation of the jet charge structure with multiplicity, at a given energy, as a sensitive probe of the onset of perturbative branching inside jets.     

Predicting the diffusion of information to mass audiences†

This paper considers the statistical inference of structural properties in organizations. Specifically, the sampling probability distributions of the number of links and the cumulative distribution of the number of components are determined. Probability estimates of both the number of links and the number of components are then found.     

Narrow band quantitative and multivariate electroencephalogram analysis of peri-adolescent period

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The peri-adolescent period is a crucial developmental moment of transition from childhood to emergent adulthood. The present report analyses the differences in Power Spectrum (PS) of the Electroencephalogram (EEG) between late childhood (24 children between 8 and 13 years old) and young adulthood (24 young adults between 18 and 23 years old). RESULTS: The narrow band analysis of the Electroencephalogram was computed in the frequency range of 0--20 Hz. The analysis of mean and variance suggested that six frequency ranges presented a different rate of maturation at these ages, namely: low delta, delta-theta, low alpha, high alpha, low beta and high beta. For most of these bands the maturation seems to occur later in anterior sites than posterior sites. Correlational analysis showed a lower pattern of correlation between different frequencies in children than in young adults, suggesting a certain asynchrony in the maturation of different rhythms. The topographical analysis revealed similar topographies of the different rhythms in children and young adults. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated the same internal structure for the Electroencephalogram of both age groups. Principal Component Analysis allowed to separate four subcomponents in the alpha range. All these subcomponents peaked at a lower frequency in children than in young adults. CONCLUSIONS: The present approaches complement and solve some of the incertitudes when the classical brain broad rhythm analysis is applied. Children have a higher absolute power than young adults for frequency ranges between 0-20 Hz, the correlation of Power Spectrum (PS) with age and the variance age comparison showed that there are six ranges of frequencies that can distinguish the level of EEG maturation in children and adults. The establishment of maturational order of different frequencies and its possible maturational interdependence would require a complete series including all the different ages.     

Characterization of Block Structures in Copolycondensates: A Review

Various kinds of copolymers, differing in composition and in arrangement of monomeric units in the macromolecule, can be obtained from the copolymerization of two monomers. In a given composition, monomeric units may assemble in a random way, alternatively, or tend to give sequences of the same unit:     

Spin-Phonon Coupling and Slow-Magnetic Relaxation in Pristine Ferrocenium

We report the spin dynamic properties of non-substituted ferrocenium complexes. Ferrocenium shows a field-induced single-molecule magnet behaviour in DMF solution while cobaltocene lacks slow spin relaxation neither in powder nor in solution. Multireference quantum mechanical calculations give a non-Aufbau orbital occupation for ferrocenium with small first excitation energy that agrees with the relatively large measured magnetic anisotropy for a transition metal S=1/2 system. The analysis of the spin relaxation shows an important participation of quantum tunnelling, Raman, direct and local-mode mechanisms which depend on temperature and the external field conditions. The calculation of spin-phonon coupling constants for the vibrational modes shows that the first vibrational mode, despite having a low spin-phonon constant, is the most efficient process for the spin relaxation at low temperatures. In such conditions, vibrational modes with higher spin-phonon coupling constants are not populated. Additionally, the vibrational energy of this first mode is in excellent agreement with the experimental fitted value obtained from the local-mode mechanism.     

Rapid method to determine 89/90Sr in steel samples

The sorption and diffusion behavior of cesium was studied to support the interpretation of the ongoing in-situ experiments in the Olkiluoto test site. The distribution coefficients of cesium in the Olkiluoto pegmatitic granite, veined gneiss and their main minerals were obtained by batch sorption experiments and the diffusion of cesium was studied in rock cubes. The results were modelled with PHREEQC and Comsol Multiphysics. The distribution coefficients of cesium were largest in biotite and veined gneiss. The effective diffusion coefficients of cesium from the diffusion model were 3 × 10⁻¹³ m² s⁻¹ for veined gneiss and 4 × 10⁻¹³ m² s⁻¹ for pegmatitic granite.

     

多孔炭载聚钴酞菁修饰电极用于苯二酚的电催化及检测

以二氧化硅纳米球为模板,通过葡萄糖的水热聚合反应制备了具有三维结构的多孔炭(PC)。采用电化学聚合方法将单体钴酞菁聚合在多孔炭修饰的玻碳电极(PC/GC)表面,制备了多孔炭载聚钴酞菁的修饰电极(Co-TAPc/PC/GC)。通过循环伏安法(CV)研究了间苯二酚、邻苯二酚和对苯二酚在此修饰电极的电化学响应。结果表明,相对于裸玻碳电极、多孔炭或聚钴酞菁单独修饰的电极,该修饰电极对3种同分异构体的酚类物质均有更好的电催化活性。利用计时安培技术,该修饰电极对间苯二酚、邻苯二酚及对苯二酚分别在5.0×10-6～5.0×10-4 mol/L,6.0×10-6～2.5×10-4 mol/L和2.0×10-6～8.0×10-4 mol/L范围内具有较好的线性响应。此修饰电极具有制备简单、响应灵敏、稳定性好等优点。     

基于非靶向代谢组学的茄梨和红茄梨成熟期果皮代谢产物的差异分析

为了探究西洋梨品种茄梨及其红色芽变红茄梨成熟期果皮代谢产物差异,采用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术,对茄梨和红茄梨成熟期果皮进行非靶向代谢组学研究。通过主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘判别分析,构建了多变量统计分析模型,结合模型和变量重要性投影与最大差异倍数值,基于精确质量数、二级碎片以及同位素分布,使用PMDB(Plant Metabolome Database)数据库进行定性,筛选并鉴定出茄梨和红茄梨果皮中显著性变化(P<0.05, VIP(variable importance in project)≥1)的差异代谢物有83种,主要包括酚酸类、黄酮类和氨基酸类物质,涉及类黄酮代谢、氨基酸代谢、苯丙烷类代谢等代谢途径,其中53种物质含量上调,30种物质表达下调。通过KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)数据库进一步对差异代谢物质进行通路富集分析,差异代谢物主要分布在20条代谢途径中,P<0.05的代谢途径有6条,分别是类黄酮生物合成、黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成、苯丙烷生物合成、丁酸酯代谢、苯丙氨酸代谢、酪氨酸代谢。这些差异代谢物的变化可能是导致茄梨和红茄梨果皮色泽不同的原因。该研究从植物代谢组学角度初步揭示了茄梨和红茄梨成熟期果皮的代谢产物差异性。