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31.
N‐(2‐Ethylhexyl)carbazole: A New Fluorophore Highly Suitable as a Monomolecular Liquid Scintillator
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Eva Montbarbon Dr. Fabien Sguerra Dr. Guillaume H. V. Bertrand Élodie Magnier Dr. Romain Coulon Dr. Robert B. Pansu Dr. Matthieu Hamel 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(34):12074-12080
The synthesis, photophysical properties, and applications in scintillation counting of N‐(2‐ethylhexyl)carbazole (EHCz) are reported. This molecule displays all of the required characteristics for an efficient liquid scintillator (emission wavelength, scintillation yield), and can be used without any extra fluorophores. Thus, its scintillation properties are discussed, as well as its fast neutron/gamma discrimination. For the latter application, the material is compared with the traditional liquid scintillator BC‐501 A, and other liquid fluorescent molecules classically used as scintillation solvents, such as xylene, pseudocumene (PC), linear alkylbenzenes (LAB), diisopropylnaphthalene (DIN), 1‐methylnaphthalene (1‐MeNapht), and 4‐isopropylbiphenyl (iPrBiph). For the first time, an excimeric form of a molecule has been advantageously used in scintillation counting. A moderate discrimination between fast neutrons and gamma rays was observed in bulk EHCz, with an apparent neutron/gamma discrimination potential half of that of BC‐501 A. 相似文献
32.
Virginie Aumond Matthieu Waeles Pascal Salaün Kristoff Gibbon-Walsh Constant M.G. van den Berg Pierre-Marie Sarradin Ricardo D. Riso 《Analytica chimica acta》2012
A rapid electrochemical stripping chronopotentiometric procedure to determined sulfide in unaltered hydrothermal seawater samples is presented. Sulfide is deposited at −0.25 V (vs Ag/AgCl, KCl 3 M) at a vibrating gold microwire and then stripped through the application of a reductive constant current (typically −2 μA). The hydrodynamic conditions are modulated by vibration allowing a short deposition step, which is shown here to be necessary to minimize H2S volatilization. The limit of detection (LOD) is 30 nM after a deposition step of 7 s. This LOD is in the same range as the most sensitive cathodic voltammetric technique using a mercury drop electrode and is well below those reported previously for other electrodes capable of being implemented in situ. 相似文献
33.
Matthieu Le Floc''h 《K-Theory》2002,27(3):281-292
Let F be an Abelian number field and S the set of primes of F that are either ramified or over p, with p an odd prime. In this paper we compute the (first) Fitting ideal of K
2i–2
ét
(O
F
S
() for i 2, where O
F
S
is the ring of S-integers of F and is a character of Gal(F/) of order prime to p different from the ith power of the Teichmüller character. This Fitting ideal proves to be principal and generated by a Stickelberger element. 相似文献
34.
We review the mathematical results on traveling waves in one or several superposed layers of potential flow, subject to gravity, with or without surface and interfacial tension, where the bottom layer is infinitely deep. The problem is formulated as a "spatial dynamical system," and it is shown that the linearized operator of the resulting reversible system has an essential spectrum filling the real line. We consider three cases where bifurcation occurs. (i) The first case is when, in moving a parameter, two pairs of imaginary eigenvalues merge into one pair of double eigenvalues, and then split into four symmetric complex conjugate eigenvalues. (ii) The second case is when one pair of imaginary eigenvalues meet in 0, and disappear; (iii) the third case is when the phenomenon described in (ii) is superposed to the presence of another pair of imaginary eigenvalues sitting at finite distance from 0. We give a physical example for each case and more specially study the solitary waves and generalized solitary waves, emphasizing the differences, in the methods and in the results, between these cases and the finite depth case. 相似文献
35.
Harrak Y Blaszykowski C Bernard M Cariou K Mainetti E Mouriès V Dhimane AL Fensterbank L Malacria M 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2004,126(28):8656-8657
5-En-1-yn-3-ol substrates bearing a free hydroxyl group or an acyl group are highly versatile partners for PtCl2-catalyzed cycloisomerizations. Electrophilic activation of the alkyne moiety triggers at wish a hydride or an O-acyl migration yielding at the end to regioisomeric keto derivatives. The efficient preparation of Sabina ketone, an important monoterpene precursor, has been worked out. 相似文献
36.
Matthieu Fradelizi 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(9):2735-2744
We define the sectional bodies associated to a convex body in and two related measures of symmetry. These definitions extend those of Grünbaum (1963). As Grünbaum conjectured, we prove that the simplices are the most dissymmetrical convex bodies with respect to these measures. In the case when the convex body has a sufficiently smooth boundary, we investigate some limit behaviours of the volume of the sectional bodies.
37.
Femtosecond Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Detection of Trace Elements in Sophora Leaves 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Sophora leaves from several areas in Beijing are analysed by femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (femto-LIBS). Although the used spectral detection system is not time-resolved, the spectral lines of trace mineral elements are detected and analysed. It is proven that the femto-LIBS can be an efficient method to detect mineral trace elements contained in tree leaves which is a biomonitor for atmospheric pollution assessment or botanic studies. An interesting case of correlation between trace elements detected in tree leaves and the pollution of the concerned area is presented, for the first time to our knowledge. 相似文献
38.
Matthieu Manceau 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2010,95(12):2666-2669
Photochemical stability of three thermo-cleavable polymers was investigated as thin films under atmospheric conditions. A significant increase in lifetime was observed once the side-chain was cleaved emphasizing the detrimental effect of solubilizing groups on the photochemical stability of conjugated polymers. In addition to their ease of processing, thermo-cleavable polymers thus also offer a greater intrinsic stability under illumination. 相似文献
39.
Ina Reiche Matthieu Lebon Céline Chadefaux Katharina Müller Anne-Solenn Le Hô Michael Gensch Ulrich Schade 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2010,397(6):2491-2499
Archaeological bone materials record characteristic markers of life in prehistoric times (dating, climate, environment, diet, human migration) in their isotopic and chemical composition in addition to palaeontological, archaeozoological, anthropological and palaeogenetic information. Thus, the discovery and conservation of archaeological bone materials is of great importance to get access to this information. However, archaeological materials are altered by different postmortem processes and it appears necessary to estimate if the archaeological information is still reliable or if it has been modified during burial. As archaeological bone materials present a high structural hierarchy at the micro- and nanoscale, changes induced by diagenetic phenomena have to be observed at these scales. One method for revealing post mortem changes of the bone structure and composition at the microscale is synchrotron radiation micro-FTIR imaging (SR micro-FTIR). Thus, thin sections of about 5,000-year-old archaeological bones have been analysed in transmission mode at the IRIS beamline (BESSY II, HZB Berlin) to determine markers of the state of bone preservation at the microscale. The archaeological bone material comes from station 19 of the Neolithic site of the Chalain Lake. By using SR micro-FTIR it was possible to image characteristic bone structures, e.g. osteons (the constitutive histological unit of cortical bone), using the absorption band ratios corresponding to different chemical bone constituents (collagen content and quality, phosphate crystallinity, carbonate content). These data allow us to precisely evaluate the state of preservation of a 5,000-year-old bone at the histological level. Figure
Chemical mapping of a thin section of the archaeological bone AB_CH19nb1 from the Neolithic station 19 at Chalain Lake 相似文献
40.
We provide a resolution of one of the long-standing puzzles in the theory of disordered systems. By reformulating the functional renormalization group for the critical behavior of the random field Ising model in a superfield formalism, we are able to follow the associated supersymmetry and its spontaneous breaking along the functional renormalization group flow. Breaking is shown to occur below a critical dimension d(DR) ? 5.1 and leads to a breakdown of the "dimensional reduction" property. We compute the critical exponents as a function of dimension and give evidence that scaling is described by three independent exponents. 相似文献