The quality of99mTc eluates

The possible effects of several protecting procedures on the quality of^99mTc eluates were investigated. The content of⁹⁹Mo in the eluates (⁹⁹Mo breakthrough) was expressed in (%) with respect to the total adsorbed⁹⁹Mo radioactivity and in () i.e. as the ratio of⁹⁹Mo and^99mTc radioactivities in each particular eluate. The radiochemical purity was expressed in (%) of^99mTc(VII) in the eluates. The content of Al³⁺ and Cu²⁺ as chemical impurities was also determined.     

Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Determination of Ibogaine and 12-Hydroxy-Ibogamine in Human Urine

A specific and sensitive liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method was developed for the determination of ibogaine and noribogaine in human urine. The work-up procedure involved a solid phase extraction of the compounds and the internal standard (fluorescein) using Oasis HLB columns. The system used a Zorbax eclipse XDB C8 analytical column packed with 5µm diameter particles as the stationary phase. The mobile phase consisted of a 20-min gradient (mobile phase A: 0.02% (v/v) trimethylamine in acetonitrile, mobile phase B: 2 mM ammonium formate buffer (pH 3)). Mass spectrometric data were acquired in single ion monitoring mode at m/z 311.1, 297.2 and 333 for ibogaine, noribogaine and fluorescein, respectively. The drug/internal standard peak area ratios were linked via a quadratic relationship to concentrations (1.78?358 μg L^?1 for ibogaine; 2?400 μg L^?1 for noribogaine). Precision ranged from 5.8 to 14.8% and accuracy was between 93.2 and 112.9%. Mean extraction recoveries of ibogaine, noribogaine and fluorescein were 70.0, 81.7 and 94.8%, respectively. The extraction efficiency was independent of concentration over the range studied. The lower limits of quantitation were 1.78 μg L^?1 for ibogaine and 2 μg L^?1 for noribogaine. In this paper, extensive stability testing was undertaken using a wide range of storage conditions. This method was found suitable for urine analysis of a poisoning involving ingestion of drink made from powdered root of shrub Tabernanthe iboga.     

Corpuscular diagnostics of a hollow-cathode discharge-III. The metal-ions-regime evolution

The variations in time of mass spectra of ions, extracted from the hollow-cathode discharge in the regime of the intensive sputtering of the cathode material were measured. The mass spectrum changes in time conspicuously. From the results of measurements a distinct anisotropy of ion beam is inferred. The discharge turns into a metal-ions regime.The helpful discussions with Dr. J. Musil are gratefully acknowledged.     

Interdiffusion in the Co-Ni system-I concentration penetration curves and interdiffusion coefficients

The interdiffusion in the Co-Ni system has been investigated in the temperature range of 950 to 1150 °C, by means of diffusion specimens of pure Co and Ni. The concentration curvesN(x, t) obtained with the aid of an JXA-3 A JEOL electron microprobe were evaluated using the smoothing cubic spline method by means of the Boltzmann-Matano equation. The obtained interdififusion coefficient values ¯D increase with the increasing Ni concentration and satisfy the Arrhenius equation at temperaturesH 990 °C. At lower temperatures the influence of high diffusivity paths may be effective, resulting in higher ¯D values. No expressive influence of atomic (Ni₃Co) or magnetic order on the interdiffusion has been detected. The activation enthalpyH values were found almost concentration independent. A Kirkendall effect study has been carried out with positive results which are presented in Part II of this paper. A new method for the determination of diffusants concentration in the Kirkendall plane was proposed. With the use of this method and of Darken equations the intrinsic diffusion coefficients were calculated. These results are given in Part III.     

The small momentum transfer k L o C→K S 0 C regeneration at high energies

Results of the first elastic K _S ^o regeneration experiment on carbon, using magnetic spark chamber spectrometer, are presented in the beam momentum interval 10p50 GeV/c. The d ifferentia cross section d/dt is reconstructed in the range 0·0025–t0·02 (GeV/c)² and its slopeB is found to be momentum independent with an average valueB=(65±11) (GeV/c)^–2. The results are in agreement with the calculations using the coherent production model.     

Cubic splines and the Lippmann-Schwinger equation

The Galerkin method of solution of integral equations using splines is proposed. This method is applied to the Lippmann-Schwinger equation. Bound state energies and correspondingt-matrices are calculated for various potentials. This method can also be applied to reduce the Faddeev equation to the one-dimensional ones.The authors are grateful to Doc. J.Kvasnica for number of useful discussions and to M.erný for help with numerical calculations.     

Excitation of adsorbed molecule vibrations in low energy electron scattering

We develop a theory of low energy electron loss spectroscopy of vibrational modes of molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces. Differential and total cross sections are calculated in the Distorted Wave Born Approximation, assuming i) strong elastic scattering on the metal surface, ii) direct electron-molecule interaction via the electric dipole field associated with the molecular vibration. The angular distributions are calculated and discussed for molecules adsorbed at various distances above the metal surface and for several electron energies and impact angles. The influence of electronic screening of dipolar oscillations is discussed and the consequences of the classical induced image dipoles are explored. It is shown that the metal surface selection rule known in IR spectroscopy is only approximately valid in electron scattering. Finally, we give numerical estimates of the inelastic scattering cross sections for the stretching vibrations of CO molecule adsorbed on transition metal surfaces, in reasonable agreement with experiments.     

Differential-thermal and thermogravimetric analysis of some gagates from Bulgaria

The thermal behaviour of three gagates (Bulgaria) was investigated by DTA and TG. The characteristic endo- and exoeffects and the sequence of the thermal stabilities are established.

---

Zusammenfassung Das thermochemische Verhalten von drei Gagaten (Bulgarien) wurde mittels DTA und TG untersucht. Die charakteristischen endo- und exothermen Effekte und die Reihenfolge der thermischen Stabilitäten wurden ermittelt.

---

(). - .

     

Bestimmung von C-Methylgruppen in organischen Sauerstoffverbindungen durch Oxydation mit Chromsäure unter optimalen Bedingungen. I

Zusammenfassung Eine Reihe sauerstoffhaltiger Modellsubstanzen, die Methylgruppen am primären, sekundären oder doppelt gebundenen Kohlenstoffatom enthalten, wurden mit einem Gemisch von 2 T. 5-n Chromsäure und 1 T. konz. Schwefelsäure 45 Minuten bei 130° C oxydiert. Die entstandene Essigsäure wurde mit Wasserdampf abdestilliert und alkalimetrisch titriert. Die angeführten Reaktionsbedingungen können als optimal angesehen werden, da sie die größte oxydative Wirkung haben, bei der jedoch Essigsäure nicht weiter oxydiert wird. Der Abbau des Kohlenstoffskeletts verläuft schneller und vollständiger als bei der Methode vonKuhn undRoth. Die Essigsäureausbeute lag zwischen 0,70 und 0,95 Mol Essigsäure je C-Methylgruppe und wurde in Abhängigkeit von der Struktur der untersuchten Stoffe diskutiert.

---

Determination of C-methyl groups in organic oxygen compounds through oxidation with chromic acid under optimal conditions

Summary A number of oxygen-containing model substances, which contained methyl groups on primary, secondary or doubly bound carbon atoms, were oxidized with a mixture of 2 parts of 5N chromic acid and 1 part of conc. sulfuric acid for 45 minutes ar 130° C. The resulting acetic acid was distilled off with steam and titrated alkametrically. The cited reaction conditions may be regarded as optimal, because they exert the greatest oxidative action, which however the acetic acid is not further oxidized. The degradation of the carbon skeleton proceeds faster and more completely than in the method ofKuhn andRoth. The yield of acetic acid lay between 0.70 and 0.95 mol acetic acid per C-methyl group and was discussed with respect to the structure of the investigated material.

---

---

In dieser Mitteilung ist der erste Teil der Dissertationsarbeit von Frau Dipl.-Ing.B. Voláková inbegriffen.     

Extraction of Am(III) in the presence of lanthanides and yttrium by benzyldimethyldodecylammonium nitrate from acidic nitrate solutions

We have investigated the effect of coextraction of lanthanides and yttrium on the distribution coefficients D_Am in the extraction of americium by benzyldimethyldodecylammonium nitrate (BDMLNNO₃) from nitrate solutions. In the coextraction of lanthanides, the extraction of Am(NO₃)₃ is suppressed, which is markedly manifested in the extraction of light lanthanides (La, Ce, Pr); of the series of lanthanides their extraction is the highest. The effect of nitric acid and the possibility of separation of lanthanides and americium by the application of three-stage multiple extraction is discussed.